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1、基本句型主语+系动词+表语（主系表）主语+不及物动词+（其他成分）主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补第1页/共44页句子成分主语谓语宾语表语宾补定语状语同位语第2页/共44页ItoldmybestfriendTomtopickmeupattheairport.主主语语谓谓语语定定语语宾宾语语同同位位语语状状语语宾宾语语补补足足语语第3页/共44页句子成分英文名说明常用词类例句主语subject句子所要说明的动作或状态的主体（人或事物）名词、代词,动名词,不定式,从句等I am a student.谓语predicate表示主语的动作或状态
2、动词You read the book.表语predicative放在连系动词后表示主语的身份或特征。名词、代词、形容词,动名词,分词,不定式,介词短语,从句等She is a teacher.第4页/共44页宾语object表示及物动词动作的对象名词、代词,动名词,不定式,从句等Mike did the job.定语attribute限定或修饰名词、代词等形容词,动名词,分词不定式,介词短语,从句等The black dog barks.状语adverbial修饰动词形容词副词之用，表示时间地点状态程度等含义副词,形容词,分词,不定式,介词短语,从句等Run quickly.第5页/共44页
3、句子成分英文名说明常用词类例句宾语补足语complement对宾语进行补充说明，与宾语一起构成复合宾语。名词、形容词,分词,不定式介词短语等I find the book very boring.同位语appositive对前面的名词或代词做进一步解释。名词、数词、代词或从句This is Mr.Li,our headmaster.The news that he is ill worries us.独立成分Independent elements与全句没有什么语法关系，有感叹词、肯定与否定的答语、插入语、呼语等感叹词副词短语Oh,hello,I think,to tell you the t
4、ruth,Mr.Li,Your Majesty,Mum.Yes,no第6页/共44页主语Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.Shewentoutinahurry.Fourplusfouriseight.To seeistobelieve.Smokingisbadforhealth.The youngshouldrespecttheold.What he has saidistrue.第7页/共44页谓语简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helooked aftertwoorphans.复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词;H
5、ecan speakEnglishwellShehasnt received thee-mailyet.第8页/共44页表语在系动词后的部分就是表语常见的系动词有:be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,look,get,grow,keep,turn,become,come,go,remain，etc.Theappletastessweet.第9页/共44页1.Thewarwasover.2.Theyseemto know the truth.3.Timeis precious.4.Imnotquite myselft
6、oday.5.Whowasthe first?6.Heisout of condition.7.Thebookiswhat I need.第10页/共44页宾语宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.Hegavemesome books.间接间接宾语宾语直接直接宾语宾语第11页/共44页Pleasepassmethe book.Heboughtmesome flowers.Ilikemy job.Iloveyou.Hewantedto leave here.Theyenjoyedplaying computer games.Ididntknowwhen to switch th
7、e machine off.Shewonderedwhy Jim was so angry with her.第12页/共44页宾语补足语Wemustkeepita secret.Ifoundthebookinteresting.Pleasekeepthedogout.Pleasemakeyourselfat home.Sheaskedmeto lend her a hand.Doyousmellsomethingburning?Shehadanarmbrokenintheaccident.Hemadehimselfknown to them.第13页/共44页主动语态变成被动语态后主动语态变
8、成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补宾语补足语变成主补.Ilastsawhimplayingneartheriver.Hewasseenplaying near the river.Theteachercaughtthestudentcheatingintheexam.Thestudentwascaughtcheating in the exam.Weelectedhimmonitor.Hewaselectedmonitor.Hepushedthedooropen.Thedoorwaspushedopen.第14页/共44页定语Heisacleverboy.Hisfatherworksinaste
9、elwork.Thereare54studentsinourclass.DoyouknownBettyssister?Heboughtsomesleeping pills.Thereisasleepingbabyinbed.Hisspokenlanguageisgood.Imetafriendonmywayhome.(形容词形容词)(名词名词)(数词数词)(名词的所有格名词的所有格)(动名词动名词)(现在分词现在分词)(过去分词过去分词)(副词副词)第15页/共44页Thegirlin redishissister.（介词短语）（介词短语）Wehavealotofworkto do.（不定式短
10、语）（不定式短语）Thegirlstanding under the treeishissister.（现在分词短语）（现在分词短语）Thebridgebuilt only one year ago isbroken.Doyouknowthemanwho spoke just now?(从句从句)第16页/共44页状语用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或句子.可表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,伴随,条件,程度,让步,频率等.Iwillbebackin a while.Theyareplayingon the playground.Hewaslatebecause he got up
11、late.Hegotupsolatethat I missed the train.第17页/共44页Iwaitedto see you.Heoftenwenttoschoolby bus.Hisparentsdied,leaving him an orphan.Pleasecallmeif it is necessary.Thisbookisveryinteresting.Hewenttoschoolin spite of his illness.Healwayscomeslatetoschool.第18页/共44页基本句型主语+系动词+表语（主系表）主语+不及物动词+其他成分(主谓)主语+
12、及物动词+宾语（主谓宾）主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（主谓双宾）主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补第19页/共44页简单句的五种形式S+PIamastonished.S+VAlbertEinsteinsnameneverdies.Thebooksellswell.S+V+ORagalikessports,gardeningandplayingthedrums.S+V+o+OCanyoutellmethewaytothestation?S+V+O+CWecallhimawalkingdictionary.第20页/共44页Hewent.Hewentthere.Hewentthereyesterda
13、y.Hewenttheretoseehismotheryesterday.Hewenttheretoseehismotherillinhospitalbybikeyesterday.第21页/共44页Exercises:分析句子结构Youareastudent.Hefelthappytoday.Whatyousaidmademehappy.CouldyougivemesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell?Afterhefinishedhishomework,hewentaway.Helikespopmusic.第22页/共44页Istayedawakeuntil1
14、1:30oneeveninginordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonforoncebymyself.Annenamedherdiarykittybecauseshethoughtitwasherbestfriend.第23页/共44页1.Timefliesfast.2.Therewillbeagoodmealforusatouraunts.3.Theriverosetenfeetinthenight.4.Iheardhimshout.5.Heboughtsomesweetsforhisson.6.Iprefermycoffeehot.7.Dontworryaboutme;
15、justtakecareofyourself.8.Youcanrelyonhimtodoanythingthatisnecessary.9.Alotofnoiseisgoingonoutside.10.Thelittlegirlcandressherselfnow.11.Itwasapitythatyoudidntwatchthatwonderfulmatch.12.Ifeltmyheartbeatrapidly.13.Doyouwanttocometotheparty?14.Weshoulddosomethingtohelpthestudentsindifficulties.15.Howlo
16、nghaveyouworkedinthehospital?第24页/共44页三、自我测试1 1、选择题。1.Shetriedhard,butshestillcouldntmakeus_ourmind.A.tochangeB.changedC.changeD.changing2.Whentheoldladyisaloneinthehouse,herdogmakesherfeel_andrelaxed.A.healthyB.lonelyC.safeD.angry第25页/共44页3.AsEdisongrew_,heneverlosthisinterestinscience.A.theelderB.
17、elderC.theolderD.older4.Itsnotpolitetostandbyandlookedattheoldman_.A.ismadefunofB.beingmadefunofC.ismadefunD.beingmadefun5.Theoldmovieremindedthem_thewonderfultimetheyhadspenttogether.A.toB.forC.inD.of6.Idliketo_youressaywithyouwhenyouhavetime.A.gooverB.gobyC.goforD.goafter第26页/共44页7.Thereportshowed
18、usveryclearlyhowtheplanegot_andcrashedintheend.A.intocontrolB.withincontrolC.outofcontrolD.undercontrol8.Mostofthemachinesintheworkshop_nextmonth.A.arerepairedB.havebeenrepairedC.wererepairedD.willberepaired9.Whenapplyingforajob,youhaveto_aresume.A.getoffB.handinC.putoutD.takeaway10.Thewine_alittleb
19、itterthistime.A.tastesB.soundsC.looksD.feels第27页/共44页11.Thebosstoldhissecretaryto_thedocumentsforlateruse.A.putawayB.turnonC.makeupD.breakout12.Weshould_thisinmind:Dontjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.A.bearB.putC.placeD.print13.IfIworkinasmallfactory;itisnot_formetogainmuchexperience.A.weeklyB.friendlyC
20、.likelyD.lively14.Thevillagershaveofferedmuchhelptousandwethinkweshoulddosomethingforthem_.A.inreturnB.inplaceC.infashionD.indanger第28页/共44页15.Accordingtothetimetable，thetrainforBeijing_at9:10p.m.fromMondaytoFriday.A.wasleavingB.isleavingC.leavesD.hasleft16._isquitedifficultforMarytopasstheinterview
21、.A.WhatB.ThisC.ThatD.It17.Mr.Blackislookingforwardto_hisChinesepartnersoon.A.seeingB.seeC.beseeingD.haveseen18.Itriedhard,butIcouldntfindthe_totheproblem.A.solutionB.helpC.replyD.demand第29页/共44页19.English,theyhavetostudyasecondforeignlanguage.A.ExceptB.ExceptforC.BesideD.Besides20.Shegaveupher_asare
22、porterattheageof25.A.careerB.interestC.lifeD.habit21.ThismorningwhenIwaswalkingtomyoffice,I_toseeanoldfriendofmineneartheofficebuilding.A.occurredB.happenedC.managedD.settled22._writingalettertothemanager,hedecidedtotalktohiminperson.A.DuetoB.BecauseofC.AsforD.Insteadof第30页/共44页23.Itwillonlytakemeam
23、inutetogetyourwatchfixed;itwillbeready_.A.bythewayB.rightawayC.atlastD.inthatcase24.AsfarasImconcerned,Idontlike_inthatway.A.tobetreatedB.totreatC.treatedD.treating25.Somepeoplewhoareveryintelligentandsuccessfulintheirfieldsfind_difficulttosucceedinlanguagelearning.A.themB.themselvesC.itD.itself第31页
24、/共44页26.Onlywhenwehurriedtotheairport_theflightwascancelled.A.wefoundB.didwefindC.havewefoundD.wehavefound27.Thisnovelisworthreading,becauseitgivesadetaileddescriptionofthehistorical_in1949.A.accidentsB.casesC.eventsD.things28._,afriendofMrs.Blackfoundthewatchshehadlosttwodaysbefore.A.EspeciallyB.Us
25、uallyC.GenerallyD.Fortunately29.Thenewspaper_twopeoplewerekilledintheaccident.A.saysB.talksC.callsD.asks第32页/共44页30.Hesaid,“I_alotofnewwordsbytheendoflastyear.”A.hadalreadylearntB.wouldhavealreadylearntC.havealreadylearntD.alreadylearnt31.Shetoldusbrieflyabouthowtheysucceededin_thenewproduct.A.devel
26、opB.todevelopC.developedD.developing32.Thefatherwasdelightedtohearthechild_that.A.tosayB.tohavesaidC.sayD.said33.Itsreportedthatthepoliceare_theareaforthecriminal.A.processingB.searchingC.operatingD.handling第33页/共44页34.Thegeneralmanagersatthere,_tothereportfromeachdepartment.A.tolistenB.listenC.bein
27、glistenedD.listening35.Themanagershowedthenewemployee_tofindthesupplies.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.which36.Noonehasbeenabletoprovethatfishisbetterforthebrainthanmanyotherkindsoffood.A.someB.soC.asD.any第34页/共44页37.Maryfound_extremelydifficulttopasstheexamination.A.itB.thisC.thatD.What38.MoreandmoreChinesep
28、eopleare_wildlifeconservationandenvironmentalprotection.A.certainofB.concernedabout C.capableofD.crazyabout39.Wenowknowthatabout_allthekindsofseaweedareanimals.A.onefourthB.onefourthofC.onefourofD.theonefourth40.Scientistscouldseemanythingsthatmostpeoplewould_tosee.A.feelB.failC.fallD.fill41.Thenurs
29、etook_ofmybloodtotest.A.anexampleB.aninstanceC.acaseD.asample42.Largeandpowerful,theatmosphereconsistsofanoceanofgaseshundredsofmiles.A.highB.higherC.highlyD.height43.Thesalesdepartmentwasrequiredto_aplaninthreeweeks.A.turnupB.getupC.comeupwithD.putupwith第35页/共44页2.用所给动词的正确形式填空：1.Iwonderedwhytheboyo
30、ftenavoided(talk)_withhisclassmates.2.AlthoughJohnwasnotexperiencedinbusiness,hediditwith(confident)_.3.Therewasastranger(stand)_atthedoor.4.Themainbenefitof(work)_withthecompanyistheopportunitytotravelabroad.5.Itiswell-knownthatsportswill(strength)_thefriendshipbetweennations.6.Itwas(luck)_indeedfo
31、rMr.Foxtohavechangedhisflightandarrived(safe)_.7.Markwasalittleupset,forthemanagerdidntallowhim(take)_ _hisholidaythefollowingweek.talkingconfidencestandingworkingstrengthenluckysafely to take 第36页/共44页2.用所给动词的正确形式填空：8.Idontmind(have)_adoginthehousesolongasitscleananditdoesntsmell.9.Hewantedthelette
32、r(mail)_atonce.10.Itisdifficultfora(foreign)_tolearnChinese.11.Onhearingthegoodnewsthatournewproductssoldwellinthemarket,weallgot_.12.Itwillbevery(help)_ifeachmemberpresentshisorherownopinionatthemeeting.13.Johnsperformanceinthisexammadeusfeelrather(disappoint)_.14.Ifyourcreditisgood,youwillbeallowe
33、d(use)_thecreditcard.15.Givetheapplicationtotheman(sit)_atthedesk,please.havingto be mailedforeignerexcitedhelpfuldisappointedto usesitting第37页/共44页16.Johnwenttotownyesterdayandhadhiscomputer(repair)_there.17.In1964,theOlympicGamesinTokyobecamethefirstprogram_(transmit)_viasatellite.18.Yourhairneeds
34、_(cut).Itistoolong.19.Ihavenochoicebut_(wait).20.Didyouhaveanydifficulty(get)_avisatoBritain?21.Iaskedhimnot(say)_anythingaboutourcontractuntiltheendofthemonth.22.Thatnewfilmisworth(see)_forthesecondtime.23.Sheiswell-knownforherexcellent(achieve)_inhercareer.repairedtransmittedcutting/to be cutto wa
35、it(in)gettingto sayseeingachievements第38页/共44页24.Somepeopledobelievethatsmokingwill(certain)_causelungcancer.25.Itisnevertoolateforanyone(learn)_.26.AsfarasIknow,LilycanspeakEnglish_(fluently)thananyotherstudentinherclass.27.Hiswifewassurehewouldarriveontime.This(certain)_madeherrushtopreparethedinn
36、er.28.Yesterdaytheyreceivedawritten(invite)_toadinnerfromMr.Black.29.Themorecarefulyouare,the(well)_youwillbeabletocompletethework.30.Iwonderedwhytheboyoftenavoided(talk)_withhisclassmates.certainlyto learnmore fluentlycertaintyinvitationbettertalking第39页/共44页31.Imgoingtotakethebus_(save)money.32.We
37、havetofindnewwaysto(short)_theprocessofproduction.33.Thenewflexibleworkingtimesystemwillenablethe(employ)_toworkmoreefficiently.34.ThephotosofMarstakenbysatellitesare(clear)_thanthosetakenfromearth.35.Goingabroadtohaveaholidaywillbean(excite)_experienceforus.36.Itisquitedifficultforme(decide)_whosho
38、uldbegiventhejob.to saveshortenemployeesclearerexcitingto decide第40页/共44页37.Thesecretaryissoefficientthathisbossthinks(high)_ofhim.38.Thenewswasmade(know)_tothepublicatlast.39.Hiseffortstoimprovethesalesofthisproducthavebeenvery(help)_.40.Themanagerpromised(get)_meapositioninhiscompany.41.Heisaskedt
39、o(short)_hisreporttoonepage.42.Hewontletanyoneelse(visit)_hissister.43.Onecanjump(high)_onthemoonthanontheearth.44.Shewasnothappybecausehehadkepther(wait)_forhalfanhour.highlyto be knownhelpfulto getshortenvisithigherwaiting第41页/共44页45.Someyoungpeoplegot_(marry)withouteventellingtheirparentsorotherf
40、amilymembers.46.Pleaseremember(lock)_thedoorwhenyouleave.47.Themainbenefitof(work)_withthecompanyistheopportunitytotravelabroad.48.Tohismothersrelief,Tomhadperfectlyrecoveredfromhis(ill)_.49.WhenJennycametoBritain,shehadtogetusedto(drive)_ontheleft.marriedto lockworkingillnessdriving第42页/共44页50.Them
41、anagerinsistedon(treat)_asanordinaryemployee.51.Doyouknowwhypeopleareunwilling(discuss)_insurance?52.Nostudentissupposed(spend)_somuchmoneyinschoolinaweek.53.(Personal)_think,heisaverynicepartner,thoughyoumaynotagree.54.Everyoneshouldbeallowedtomakeamistakewithout(punish)_forit.being treatedto discussto spendPersonallybeing punished第43页/共44页感谢您的观看！第44页/共44页