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1、AppositiveClause（同位语从句）（同位语从句）Read the following sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts.1 Their friend,Danny Lin,was waiting at the airport.2 Mr.Smith,our new teacher,is very kind to us.3 He told me that his brother John was a world-famous doctor.4The news that they had won the basketba
2、ll game soon spread the whole school当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等的位置时，一个当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等的位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者叫句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者叫做后者的做后者的同位语。同位语。作同位语的从句叫做作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句。同同位语从句一般跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释前面位语从句一般跟在某些名词之后，用以说明或解释前面的名词的具体内容。的名词的具体内容。AppositiveClause（同位语从句）（同位语从句）Life after life,Blooms O
3、ver Blooms这部电视剧已经成为最近的热点是一个事实_arecenthottopicisatruth.(become)ThattheTVplayhasbecomeSubject Clause 主语从句很多人想知道为什么夜华吸引了那么多的粉丝。Many people wondered _ _.(attract)why Ye Hua attracted so many fans.Object Clause 宾语从句理由可能是他拥有帅气的外表和强大的能力。Maybe the reason is _ _.(have)that he has handsome appearance and stro
4、ng powerPredicative Clause 表语从句尽管我也被这部剧吸引，但是很明显这个故事不是真的。Although I was attracted by this drama,the fact _is clear.that the story is not trueAppositive Clause 同位语语从句Although I was attracted by this drama,the fact that the story is not true is clear.factthat 名词名词引导词引导词从句从句总结：同位语从句结构_+_+_名词引导词从句1.Theth
5、oughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinentwasexciting.2.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5500kilometresfromcoasttocoast.3.ThegirlsweresurprisedatthefactthatoceanshipscansailuptheGreatLakes.Find out the appositive clauses from the reading text
6、.1.I have no idea why you are so tired every day.2.The fact that we dont get enough sleep is absolutely true.3.I have been thinking about the question whether we should be given more free time.4.We all know the truth that nothing is more important than health.ideaThe factthe questionthe truth同位语从句的作
7、用同位语从句的作用:?进一步解释、说明前面名词进一步解释、说明前面名词的具体内容。的具体内容。Activity 1 Read and find 同位语从句同位语从句被修饰的名词通常为_名词,如：_,_,hope,wish,_,order,_,_,belief,truth,theory,decision,conclusion,promise,_,_,plan,_Summary(1):抽象factnewsopinionquestionproblemthoughtsuggestionideaActivity 2 Choose the proper introductive words1.The qu
8、estion _ should do the work is being discussed at the meeting.2.I have no idea _ the driver makes phone call when driving.3.The fact _two pupils were killed cant be accepted by their parents.4.I have some doubts _ he is suitable for the job.5.The problem _we should have the meeting in the hall now m
9、ust be decided at once.whowhythatwhetherwhenSummary(2):同位语从句同位语从句在复合句中用作在复合句中用作 的从句叫同位语从句，它的从句叫同位语从句，它是是_从句之一。引导同位语从句的连接词有：从句之一。引导同位语从句的连接词有：从属连词从属连词 ,；连接代词；连接代词 ,等，等，连接副词连接副词 ,_ 等。等。同位语名词性thatwhetherwhatwhowhen wherewhyhow长高点，就不用长高点，就不用踮着脚跳舞了踮着脚跳舞了如果我的舞蹈演员们能长高点的愿望有天实现的话，他们就不用一直踮着脚尖跳舞了。If my wish_ c
10、omes true one day,they will not have to stand on their toes all the time.（grow）that the dancers can grow taller1.I have a hope that all of you will go to college.2.I hate the fact that he told me.3.I hate the fact that he always tells lies4.Titanic is the ship that sank into the ocean.5.He made an e
11、xcuse that his car broke down on the way.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句同位语从句 Activity 3 判断以下是什么从句同位语从句中的虚拟语气同位语从句中的虚拟语气The manager made a demand that the workers(should)finish the task ahead of time.当先行词为当先行词为demand时，其后所跟同位语从句时，其后所跟同位语从句的谓语动词要用的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形动词原形”，其中，其中，should也可省也可省略。
12、除了略。除了demand 外外,这类这类名词还有名词还有 advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等。如：等。如：同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句与定语从句的的不同之处（不同之处（1 1）同位语从句用来进一步同位语从句用来进一步_前面名词的内容前面名词的内容;定语从句用来定语从句用来_前面的名词。前面的名词。The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.（同位语从句说明（同位语从句说明“消息消息”的内容：的内容：_）The news that you told us is
13、really encouraging.（定语从句对（定语从句对“消息消息”加以限定：是加以限定：是_，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）Summary(3):解释说明修饰限定我们队取得了决赛胜利我们队取得了决赛胜利你告诉我的你告诉我的The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.The news that you told us is really encouraging.Summary(3):同位语从句与定语从句同位语从句与定语从句的的不同之处（不同之处（2
14、 2）在从句中充当成分吗？在从句中充当成分吗？that同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句不作成分，无意义，不能省指代先行词，作成分,作宾语可省（3）当）当when,where,why和和how引导同位语从句时为引导同位语从句时为连接副词，虽在句中充当成分，但前面没有与其意义连接副词，虽在句中充当成分，但前面没有与其意义相当的先行词。而在定语从句中它们为关系副词，在相当的先行词。而在定语从句中它们为关系副词，在其前面分别有表示时间、地点、原因及方式意义的先其前面分别有表示时间、地点、原因及方式意义的先行词。例如：行词。例如：He will never forget the days when
15、he lived with his grandparents.他永远不会忘记和祖父母一起生活的日子他永远不会忘记和祖父母一起生活的日子He has no idea when the meeting will be held.他不知道会议将何时举行他不知道会议将何时举行定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句（4）同位语从句的先行词极为有限，多为同位语从句的先行词极为有限，多为抽象名词，如抽象名词，如fact,idea,reason,thought,order,doubt,news,hope,truth,belief,suggestion,advice,view,promise,request,pr
16、oposal提议提议/建议建议,demand,question而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或整个主句。(5)同位语从句的简易判断方法同位语从句的简易判断方法 同位语从句与其先行词在逻辑上是同位语从句与其先行词在逻辑上是“主语主语+be+表语表语”的同位语关系。所以，可以的同位语关系。所以，可以在名词和从句之间加在名词和从句之间加系动词系动词be，使之构成一个新句子，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则原句为句子通顺，则原句为同位语从句；同位语从句；定语从句是不能定语从句是不能够用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。够用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。
17、The news that well go on a picnic this Sunday isnt true.这个星期天我们要去野餐的消息不是真的。这个星期天我们要去野餐的消息不是真的。The news is that well go on a picnic this Sunday.The news that youve heard isnt true.你听到的这个消息不是真的。你听到的这个消息不是真的。The news is that youve heard.II.判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。哪些含有定语从句。The news that we
18、had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world.Thats the best piece of news Ive heard.同同定定The reason why he was late for school sounds unreasonable.He has solved the problem why the radio didnt work well.定定同同1.Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedi
19、ntouniversities;thisistheinformation_hasbeenputforward.A.whatB.thatC.whenD.as2.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that3.Icantstandtheterriblenoise_sheiscryingloudly.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that4.Thefact_hefailedintheexamisnottheone_hetoldme.A.which;thatB.that;/C.which;
20、whichD./;that Activity 4 Choose the best answer Listen to a song Activity 5 Fill in the blanks The news _(MH370失踪)shocked the whole world.Malaysian authorities said that there was no confirmation_(残骸被找到)on March 12.The mystery _(飞机去哪儿了)also confused all people in the whorld._(是否是)an act of terrorism
21、 was another doubt.We all had a dream_(有部分乘客幸存)But unfortunately,on March 24 Malaysian authorities message to the relatives broke our last hope.that MH370 dissapeared that debris was foundwhere the plane has goneWhether it was that some of the passengers survived.“Malaysia Airlines deeply regrets th
22、at we have to assume,beyond any reasonable doubt,that MH370 has been lost and_none of those on board survived.”But just as the lyrics(歌词)say,we still hold the belief_,(飞机能穿越时间和空间)living with us together.thatthat the plane can cross time and space Activity 6 Complete the sentences1.The question_bothe
23、red him.(get)能从哪里弄到如此多的钱这个问题困扰着他2._is the use of cell phone.他们正在谈论的手机的使用。（talk）3._ the MH370 flight lost crashed,but fuel tanks were limited in the distance it had.（confirm）还没有消息证实MH370航班已失事，但是这个航程的航班油量是有限的。4.The question is _ in such a short time.(prepare)问题是我们能否在如此短的时间内准备好。5.Did she say_?（work）她是在
24、说我们应该怎样做这个工作吗？where he could get so much money What they are talking aboutIt has not been confirmed that whether we can prepare wellhow we should do the work Guess who he/she isWhat impresses us most is that he always stares at us outside the small window of the back door.We want to tell him that he needs more rest.He is a modest and kind man who loves you very much.There is no doubt that he is a resposible teacher in our heart.Try to describe the one who is familiar to us,and remember to use noun clauses as many as you can.