《虚拟语气PPT课件.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《虚拟语气PPT课件.ppt(71页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、何谓何谓“语气语气”语气语气是一种是一种动词形式动词形式,表示说,表示说话人对某一话人对某一行为行为或或事情事情的的看法看法和和态态度度。英语中的语气英语中的语气英语中共有三英语中共有三种语气种语气 陈述语气陈述语气(theIndicativeMood)祈使语气祈使语气(theImperativeMood)虚拟语气虚拟语气(theSubjunctiveMood)陈述语气陈述语气:用来:用来陈述一个事实陈述一个事实,有肯,有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。Whatwillyoudoifitrainstomorrow?Iwillstayathomeifitrainstom
2、orrow.祈使语气祈使语气:用来表示请求、邀请、用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。命令、警告或劝告等。虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气:虚拟语气:是一种特殊的是一种特殊的动词形式动词形式。他的他的作用作用是:表示说话人所说的话是:表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实不是一个事实,而是一种假设、猜,而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑、愿望、要求、命令、建测、怀疑、愿望、要求、命令、建议等议等。Ihaveacar.我有一部车。(指现在有)我有一部车。(指现在有)Ihadacar.我有一部车。(指过去有)我有一部车。(指过去有)IwishIhadacar.但愿我有一部车。(实际没有,表但愿我有一部车。(实际没有,表
3、愿望)愿望)一、一、if条件句中的虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去现在现在将来将来haddone(过去完成时)(过去完成时)过去式过去式(did)beweredid/wereshould+doweretodowouldshould+havedonesthcouldmightwouldshould+dosthcouldmightwouldshould+dosthcouldmight1.1.表示与现在事实相反的假设表示与现在事实相反的假设连词连词条件从句动词条件从句动词主句动词主句动词if动词过去式动词过去式(be只用只用were的形式)的形式)sh
4、ould(would/could/might)+do(should只用于第一人称只用于第一人称)如果我有时间,我就要学习英语。如果我有时间,我就要学习英语。IfI_(have)time,I_(study)English.hadwouldstudy如果我是你,我就会买这栋房子。如果我是你,我就会买这栋房子。IfI_(be)you,I_(buy)thehouse.wereWouldbuy如果我能飞,我要飞到空中。如果我能飞,我要飞到空中。IfI_(canfly),I_(fly)inthesky.couldflywouldfly1.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,Engli
5、sh_mucheasier.A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe2.IfIhadsomemoney,I_thepoorboy.AhelpBwillhelpC.wouldhelpD.wouldhavehelp3.IfI_tenyearsyounger,I_outtotrymyluck.A.am,wouldgoB.was,willgoC.were,wouldgoD.were,wouldhavegone 2.2.表示与过去事实相反的假设表示与过去事实相反的假设连词连词条件从句的动词条件从句的动词主句动词主句动词ifhaddone(过去完成过去
6、完成时)时)should/would(could/might)+havedone如果我采纳了你的建议,如果我采纳了你的建议,我就不会犯这个错误了。我就不会犯这个错误了。IfI_(take)youradvice,I_(make)thismistake.hadtakenwouldnthavemade如果他当时用功学习的话,他可能就得到奖学金了。如果他当时用功学习的话,他可能就得到奖学金了。Ifhe_(study)hard,he_(win)thescholarship.Hadstudied如果昨天他见到你,他就可能问你这个问题。如果昨天他见到你,他就可能问你这个问题。Ifhe_(see)youyes
7、terday,he_(ask)youaboutit.couldhavewinhadseenWouldhaveasked1.IfIhadknownyouwerecoming,I_youattheairport.A.hadmetB.metC.wouldmeetD.wouldhavemet2.Thefire_,ifyouhadbeenmorecareful.A.wouldnotbeburningB.wouldnotburnC.wouldnothavebeenburntD.wouldnotburnt3.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.A.drove;didntgetB.drove;wo
8、uldntgetC.weredriving;wouldntD.haddriven;wouldnthavegotDcD3.3.与将来事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设连词连词条件从句动词条件从句动词主句动词主句动词if动词过去式动词过去式(did/were)should+动词原形动词原形wereto+动词原形动词原形should(would/could/might)+do即使太阳从西边出来,我也不会改变我的心意。即使太阳从西边出来,我也不会改变我的心意。Ifthesun_(raise)inthewest,I_(notchange)mymind.raised/shouldraid/weretora
9、isewouldnotchange如果明天下雨,我们将不去公园了。如果明天下雨,我们将不去公园了。Ifit_(rain)tomorrow,we_(go)tothepark.rainedwouldnotgo如果我们再有另外如果我们再有另外7天假的话,我们都会感到天假的话,我们都会感到跟高兴的。跟高兴的。Ifwe_(have)another7-dayholiday,allofus_(be)morehappierhadwouldbe1.If he _ me tomorrow,I would let him know.A.should call B.should not have been able
10、C.were not able D.are not able 2.If it _ rain this evening,I would not go to see this American film.A.would B.should C.could D.might3.If it _ to snow next week,I would not go to visit that mountain village.A.is B.be C.were D.are一、一、if条件句中的虚拟语气条件句中的虚拟语气时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去现在现在将来将来haddone(过去完成时
11、)(过去完成时)过去式过去式(did)beweredid/wereshould+doweretodowouldshould+havedonesthcouldmightwouldshould+dosthcouldmightwouldshould+dosthcouldmight1.Ifmylawyer_herelastSaturday,he_mefromgoing.A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented2.Ifmyfather_herethedaya
12、ftertomorrow,he_meatall.A.came,cantseeBcomes,couldntseeC.comes,couldnthaveseenD.came,couldntsee3.IfI_you,I_moreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.was;shallpayB.am;willpayC.wouldbe;wouldpayD.were;wouldpay1.如果明天下雾,我就不能开车去购物。如果明天下雾,我就不能开车去购物。2.Ifit_foggytomorrow,I_mycartogoshopping.3.2.如果我是一个男孩,我当然会去
13、参军如果我是一个男孩,我当然会去参军.4.IfI_aboy,I_certainlyjointhearmy.5.3.如果你开车更小心一点,就不会出这样的事如果你开车更小心一点,就不会出这样的事故故.6.Ifyou_yourcarmorecarefully,suchatrafficaccident_.werecouldntdrive werewould haddriven couldnthavehappened 4.错综时间条件句错综时间条件句 条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致,叫做设的谓语动词不一致,叫做错综时间条件错综时间条件条件句条件
14、句。主句和从句的谓语动词要主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的根据各自所指的不同时间不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。选用适当的虚拟语气形式。如果你如果你昨天昨天与他交谈一下,你就知道与他交谈一下,你就知道现在现在该做什么了。该做什么了。Ifyouhadspokentohimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.如果你(那时)听从我的建议的话,现在就不如果你(那时)听从我的建议的话,现在就不会有事了。会有事了。(从句从句说的是说的是过去的事情过去的事情,而,而主主句句说的是说的是现在的事情现在的事情)Ifyou_(follow)thedoctorsadvice,yo
15、u_(be)allrightnow.如果气候再好些,庄稼会长的更好。如果气候再好些,庄稼会长的更好。Iftheweather_(be)finer,thecrops_(be)growingstillbetter.hadfollowedwouldbehadbeenwouldbe1.Ifyou_themedicine,you_betternow.A.took;wouldfeelB.hadtaken;feltC.hadtaken;wouldfeelD.took;wouldhavefelt2.Ifyouwereolder,I_youtogothereyesterday.A.willallowB.shou
16、ldallowC.wouldhaveallowedD.hadallowed3.Ifwehadknownthatshehadplannedtogoabroadtoday,we_attheairport.A.willseeheroffB.haveseenheroffC.wouldseeheroffD.hadseenheroff4.-Ishefeelinganybetter?-No,ifhehadfollowedthedoctorsadvice,he_quiteallrightnow.A.willhavebeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wouldbeD.willbe5.5.条件句中虚拟语气
17、的倒装条件句中虚拟语气的倒装;条件从句中含有条件从句中含有should,were,had三个助三个助动词动词,并且条件句在句子前面,可以把并且条件句在句子前面,可以把if省省略,然后把相应助动词提到句首。略,然后把相应助动词提到句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.1.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?_afl
18、ood,whatshouldwedo?2.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain._Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.3.IfIhadtakenmyumbrellawithmewhenIcameoutthismorning,Ishouldnotbewetnow._myumbrellawithmewhenIcameoutthismorning,Ishouldnotbewetnow.Should there beHadIhadtimeHadItaken1.HadIknownhername,_A.ordoesshekn
19、owmine?B.andwheredoesshelive?C.shewouldbebeautiful.D.Iwouldhaveinvitedhertolunch.9.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you_allrightnow.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen2._yourofferofriceandvegetables,wewouldhavegonehungry.A.IfithasntbeenforB.WithC.HasitnotbeenforD.Haditnotbeenfor注:注:并不是所有的并不是所有的if引导的条件句都用虚拟
20、引导的条件句都用虚拟语气。语气。当当if引导的条件句的假设引导的条件句的假设非常可能实现时非常可能实现时,就不用虚拟语气,这种条件句叫做就不用虚拟语气,这种条件句叫做“真实真实条件句条件句”。Ifthetemperature(温度温度)isupto100,thewaterwillboil.Itisraining.Ifwegoout,wellgetwet.Hurryup!Ifwedonthurry,wellbelate.Ifhecomes,tellhimtowait.需要用虚拟的条件句,叫做需要用虚拟的条件句,叫做“虚拟条件句虚拟条件句”。1.Thevolleyballmatchwillbepu
21、toff,ifit_.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined2.-Wouldyouhavecalledherup,_possible?-Yes,butI_busydoingmyhomework.A.ithadbeenwasB.ifitwaswereC.ifithadbeenhadbeenD.ifitwerewouldbeBA6.6.含蓄虚拟条件句含蓄虚拟条件句有时假设的情况有时假设的情况并不以并不以ifif引导的条件句的形引导的条件句的形式表现出来式表现出来。而是通过一个。而是通过一个介词短语或其他介词短语或其他方式方式表现出来,这叫做表现出来,这叫做含蓄虚拟语
22、气条件句含蓄虚拟语气条件句。without,with,but for(without,with,but for(要不是要不是),),underundereg.eg.Without your helpWithout your help(=if we had no(=if we had no had your help),we could not have had your help),we could not have succeeded.succeeded.如果没有你的帮助如果没有你的帮助,我们是不会成功的。,我们是不会成功的。eg.Withbetterequipment(=Ifwehadha
23、dbetterequipment),wecouldhavedoneitbetter.如果又跟好的设备如果又跟好的设备,我们也许会做的更好。,我们也许会做的更好。eg.Butforelectricity(=iftherewerenoelectricity),therewouldbenomodernindustry.要是没有电要是没有电,就不会有现代工业。就不会有现代工业。eg.Undersuchcircumstances,Iwouldhavedonethesame.在这样的情况下,在这样的情况下,我也会做同样的事情。我也会做同样的事情。二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气主语从句
24、,宾语从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句表语从句,同位语从句1.主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句中的虚拟语气(should+do)句型句型1.Itis+adj.+that引导的主语从句引导的主语从句此句型中此句型中adj.指的是形容指的是形容事情重要性,令人吃事情重要性,令人吃惊,失望惊,失望的形容词。如:的形容词。如:important,essential(紧要的紧要的),vital(极其重要极其重要的的)urgent(紧迫的紧迫的),imperative(迫切的),迫切的),necessary,appropriate(适当的适当的),advisable(合理的合理的),natura
25、l,proper(合适的合适的),strange重要的是你一定要吃药。重要的是你一定要吃药。Itisimportantthatyou_(take)themedicine.他有必要参加这次考试。他有必要参加这次考试。Itisnecessarythathe_(take)the exam.她竟然嫁给了这种人,真奇怪她竟然嫁给了这种人,真奇怪/令人惊奇令人惊奇/令人令人失望。失望。Itisstrange(surprising,disappointing)thatsheshouldmarrysuchaman.(should)take(should)take句型句型2:Itisapity/shametha
26、t.Itisapity/shamethathe(should)belate.真可惜,他竟然迟到了。真可惜,他竟然迟到了。句型句型3:Itis+过去分词过去分词+that.过去分词指过去分词指:表示建议,命令,要求的。:表示建议,命令,要求的。如:如:ordered,suggested,requested,required,recommended,demanded,desired.e.g.Itsuggestedthatheshouldjointheclubactivities.有人建议他应该参加俱乐部活动有人建议他应该参加俱乐部活动1.ItisimportantthatI_withMr.Will
27、iamsimmediately.A.speakB.spokeC.willspeakD.tospeak2.Itisstrangethathe_so.A.wouldsayB.wouldspeakC.shouldsayD.willspeak3.Itissuggestedthatwe_(make)aspecialstudyoftheproblem.Itsvitaltoherthatshe_(take)thismedicine.(Should)maketake2.2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气宾语从句中的虚拟语气(1)常见动词:)常见动词:一个一个坚持坚持,两个两个命令命令,三个三个建议建议,四个四个要求要求
28、。1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire 这些动词后面的这些动词后面的宾语宾语从句从句要使用虚拟语气。要使用虚拟语气。即即:从句中的动词从句中的动词 使用使用should+should+动词原形,或动词原形,或者将者将shouldshould省略。省略。我们建议我们建议Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。We suggested that Tom _ a rest.He insisted that I(should)be present.(shou
29、ld)have国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.注意:注意:当当insist:不表示:不表示“坚持要某人做某事坚持要某人做某事”,而表示而表示“坚持说,坚决认为坚持说,坚决认为”不用虚不用虚拟语气拟语气,用用陈述语气陈述语气。当当suggest:不表示不表示“建议某人做某事建议某人做某事”,而表示而表示“暗示暗示”时,不用虚
30、拟,用时,不用虚拟,用陈陈述语气述语气。1)他坚持说他是对的。他坚持说他是对的。2)Heinsistedthathewasright.他坚持要求我们到场。他坚持要求我们到场。3)Heinsistedthatweshouldpresent.(2)她脸上的微笑暗示我做的好。)她脸上的微笑暗示我做的好。ThesmileonherfacesuggestedIdidagoodjob.老师建议我们多读英语。老师建议我们多读英语。OurteachersuggestedthatwereadmoreEnglish.1.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_nothingwrongand_free.
31、A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.shoulddo;besetD.haddone;mustbeset2.Marysuncleinsists_inthishotel.A,notstayingB.nottostayC.thathenotstayD.stayingnot3.Thelawrequiresthateveryone_hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.hasB.hadC.haveD.willhave3.表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气一个一个坚持坚持,两个两个命令命令,三个三个建议建议,四个四个要求要
32、求。相相应应的的名名词词insistenceorder,commandsuggestion,advice,proposaldemand,requirement,request,desire修饰这些名词时修饰这些名词时表语从句表语从句和同位语也要和同位语也要使用虚拟语使用虚拟语气气。从句中的动词形式。从句中的动词形式 should+v.我的建议是在村庄周围多种些树。我的建议是在村庄周围多种些树。Myadviceisthatmoretrees_(plant)aroundthevillage.他们的提议是要我们为他们成立一所业余学他们的提议是要我们为他们成立一所业余学校。校。Theirproposa
33、listhatwe_(setup)asparetimeschoolforthem.他的意见是我们应讨论一下这个报告。他的意见是我们应讨论一下这个报告。Hisrequirement isthatwe_(discuss)thereport.(should)beplantedshouldsetup(should)discuss我们都同意他的意见,去北京观光。我们都同意他的意见,去北京观光。Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe_(go)toBeijingforsightseeing.你认为我们立即开始第二次实验的意见怎么你认为我们立即开始第二次实验的意见怎么样?样?What
34、doyouthinkoftheideathatwe_(begin)thesecondexperimentatonce?我们所有的人都赞同关闭这家化工厂。我们所有的人都赞同关闭这家化工厂。Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactory_(be)closeddown.(should)goshouldbeginshouldbe 1.Hissuggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantryB.2.Theorderthattheprisoner_arrivedtoola
35、te.A.issetfreeB.shouldsetfreeC.besetfreeD.willbesetfree3.Hissuggestionthatthemeeting_wasturneddown.A.bedelayedB.willbedelayedC.woulddelayedD.isdelayed4.Mydemandisthatshe_toseemeonceaweek.A.shouldcameB.willcomeC.iscomingD.come5.Theorderisthatyou_thatpersonasquicklyaspossible.A.foundB.willfindC.should
36、findD.wouldfind1.用虚拟语气的名词性从句,都是用虚拟语气的名词性从句,都是that引导引导的。的。2.用虚拟语气的名词性从句,其形式都是:用虚拟语气的名词性从句,其形式都是:should+do(should可以省略)可以省略)3.主语从句主语从句“itisthat”宾、表、同位语从句:注意表示宾、表、同位语从句:注意表示一个一个坚持坚持,两个两个命令命令,三个,三个建议建议,四个,四个要求的词要求的词。三、其他句型中的虚拟语气三、其他句型中的虚拟语气1.wish的宾语从句的宾语从句wish的宾的宾语从句语从句现在:现在:过去:过去:未来:未来:过去时过去时(did/were)过
37、去完成时过去完成时(haddone)would/could/might+V.不能用不能用shouldIwishIwereabird.(现在现在)IwishIhadntmadesuchamistake.(过去过去)Wewishourparentswouldntpunishus.(未来未来)1.-Heisaverybraveman.-Yes,IwishI_hiscourage.A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.mayhave2.IwishI_abletotellhimallaboutitlastnight.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.shouldgoB.3.IwishI
38、_youyesterday.C.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretoseeD.4.IwishI_tenyearsyounger.E.A.amB.wereC.amgoingtoD.be5.Iwishthatyou_.A.getagoodjobB.willgetagoodjobB.C.wouldgetagoodjobD.havegotagoodjobC.6.-Dontyouwanttogotoakaraokebarwithus?D.-IwishI_,butIhaveanappointment.E.A.mayB.couldC.canD.shouldF.7.-You_havese
39、tasidemoretimetoplaywithourkids.G.-IwishI_,butyouknowhowbusyIwas.H.should;wouldB.could;didI.C.might;shouldD.should;had2.Itstime+that从句中要用从句中要用虚拟语气(过去式虚拟语气(过去式或或should+do)不可省略不可省略should你该走了。你该走了。(about/high)Itshightimethatyouwent.Itshightimethatyoushouldgo.我们该去睡觉了。我们该去睡觉了。Itstimethatwe_(go)tobed.Itst
40、imethatwe_(go)tobed.wentshouldgo1.Itstimewe_ourmeeting.A.mustbeginB.beginC.begunD.began2.-Tommy,isntittimeyou_theschoolbus?-Okay,I_mybreakfast.A.shouldcatch;havealmostfinishedB.catch;willalmostfinishingC.caught;amalmostfinishingD.willcatch;almostfinish 24.Everybodyhasarrived.Itstimewe_themeeting.A.w
41、ouldstartB.hadstartedC.shallstartD.started3.wouldrather+that引导宾语从句中引导宾语从句中(我宁愿(我宁愿)过去过去:现在:现在:未来:未来:过去时过去时(did/were)过去时过去时(did/were)过去完成时过去完成时(haddone)我宁愿你现在就付给我钱。我宁愿你现在就付给我钱。(现在)(现在)Iwouldratheryou_(pay)menow.paid我宁愿你昨天也走了。我宁愿你昨天也走了。(过去)(过去)Iwouldratheryou_(go)tooyesterday.hadgone别来,我宁愿你明天来。别来,我宁愿你
42、明天来。(未来未来)Dontcome.Iwouldratheryou_(come)tomorrow.came回顾:回顾:wouldrather+动词原形动词原形意谓意谓“宁可宁可”、“宁愿宁愿”、“最好最好”E.g.:Hedratherworkinthecountryside.其否定形式是其否定形式是wouldrathernotdosthE.g.:Mr.Liwouldrathernotlistentorockmusic.如果表示对过去的愿望:如果表示对过去的愿望:wouldrather+havedone我宁愿昨天没有碰到他。我宁愿昨天没有碰到他。Iwouldrathernothavemetyo
43、uyesterday.1.-DoyoumindifIleavethewindowopen?-Well,Idratheryou_.A.dontB.didnt C.wontD.mustnt2.-Wouldyouliketoworkinmycompany?-Sorry,Idrather_here,butIdrathermybrother_toyourcompany.A.staying;goesB.tostay;togoC.stay;wentD.tostay;goes3.-Didyoublamehimforhismistakes?-Yes,butIdrather_it.A.notdoB.nottodo
44、C.havenotdoneD.nothavedone asif和和asthough都表示都表示“好像是好像是”,引导,引导的从句只要表示的从句只要表示“与事实相反的与事实相反的”,都要,都要用虚拟语气。用虚拟语气。4.asif/though+从句从句现在:过去:过去时/were过去完成时他的说话就像是认识我一样。他的说话就像是认识我一样。Hetalksasifhe_(know)me.她像爱自己儿子一样爱这个孩子。她像爱自己儿子一样爱这个孩子。Shelovesthebabyasifit_(be)herownson.wereknew我记得这件事,好像昨天刚发生一样。我记得这件事,好像昨天刚发生一样
45、。Irememberthewholethingasifit_(happen)yesterday.hadhappened:此句型中的:此句型中的“现在现在”和和“过去过去”指是指是:asif应到的应到的从句动词从句动词和和主句动词主句动词之间之间的关系。的关系。(1)现在:指现在:指从句动词从句动词和和主句动词主句动词同时同时发生发生:Helooksasifhewereill.(他现在看起来好像有病。他现在看起来好像有病。)Helookedasifhewereill.(他那时看起来好像有病。他那时看起来好像有病。)(2)过去:指的是过去:指的是从句动词从句动词发生在发生在主句动词主句动词之前之前
46、:Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.1.Franklinlookedasthoughhe_illforalongtime.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.hasbeen2.Kittytalksasifshe_onthespot.A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.be3.Hehasjustarrived,buthetalksasifhe_allaboutthat.A.knowB.knowsC.knownD.knew1.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it l
47、ooks as if it _.A.breaks B.has breaks C.were broken D.had been broken2.The two strangers talked as if they _ friends for years.A.should be B.would be C.have been D.had been5.evenif/though引导引导让步状语从句让步状语从句时,时,表示表示“即使即使”,导表示真实情况相反的情况,导表示真实情况相反的情况时,需要使用虚拟。时,需要使用虚拟。时间时间 引导词引导词从句动词从句动词主句动词主句动词过去过去Evenif过去
48、完成时过去完成时(haddone)would/should/could/might+havedong现在现在或或将来将来过去时过去时(be用用were)would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形(do)即使我现在有车,我也不借给你。即使我现在有车,我也不借给你。EvenifI_(have)acar,I_(notlend)ittoyou.had即使毛主席在这里,我也这么说。即使毛主席在这里,我也这么说。EvenifChairmanMao_(be)here,Iwouldstillsaylikethis.werewouldnotlend即使昨天他不帮我,我也能找到他。即使昨天
49、他不帮我,我也能找到他。Evenifyou_(help)me,I_(find)himtoo.hadnothelpedcouldhavefound1.-Could I have another chance?-I have married now.Even I _ you earlier,I _ you.A.know;would not marryB.had known;would not marryC.known;would not have married D.had known;would not have married2.Even if he _ money,he would not
50、help you.A.had B.have C.had had D.would have 6.If only 要是就好了 Ifonly引导的感叹句要求用虚拟语气,表示愿望。引导的感叹句要求用虚拟语气,表示愿望。表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望:表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望:用过去式或用过去式或”would/could+动词原形动词原形要是他在这儿就好了。要是他在这儿就好了。Ifonlyhe_(be)here!were你要是听我们的建议就好了。你要是听我们的建议就好了。Ifonlyyou_(listen)toouradvice.wouldlisten表示与过去事实相反的愿望表示与过去事实相反的愿