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1、UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGEFocuses on Language Points教学。知识细解码词汇派生1. apply v.申请；使用f application n.申请（表）；用途；运用；应用（程序）2. contribute v.捐献；捐助contribution n.捐款；贡献；捐赠3. appear v.出现；到场f disappear y上消失;灭绝；消亡f disappearance .消失； 灭绝；消亡4. create v.创造；建立一creal ive adj.创造性的;有创造力的；有创意的一creaI i ve 1 y ad匕创造性地；有创造力地5.
2、balance收.使平衡n.平衡；均匀一balanced a%/.保持平衡的6. propose v.提议；建议；主张proposal n.提议；建议7. limit n.限度；限制/力限制；限定一limited ac.有限的8. lose区.失去；损失-Hoss n.丧失；损失-Host at/7.迷路的；失去的9. donaie （尤指向慈善机构）捐赠；赠送；献（血）一donation n.捐赠；赠送rg诵甲才11. conduct n.行为；举止；管理方法.组织；安排；带领；举止；表现Under the conduct of his father, their business was
3、very successful, n.管理He conducted the audience to their seats.以.带领He conducted himself far better than expected.vt.表现2. issue .重要议题；争论的问题；发行；分发v.出版；发行；宣布；公布They issued a special set of stamps to mark the occasion.匕发彳：出版She usually writes about environmental issues./?.问题（3）1 bought a set of the new s
4、tamps on the date of issue.发行U要点直击Words and Phrases知识要点1 balance vt.使平衡；权衡n.平衡；均匀（教材 Pi）Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.在发展和文化遗址的保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。例 1 She tries to balance home life and career.1 .（教材 PjThere co
5、mes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.分析本句是一个复合句，连词皿连接表示顺承关系的两个并列句。第一个分句中 皿L引导的是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a lime；第二个分句中或引导的是一个时间状 语从句，正作形式主语。译文新旧更替的时代己经到来。在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都 保存下来。2 .（教材 PjPerhaps the best ex
6、ample is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.分析这是一个主从复合句。皿号引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词UNESCO, which在从句中作主语；其中which引导的从句中含有曲L引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先 行词a programme, that在从句中作主语。译文也许最好的例子是联合国教科文组织，该组织开展了一个防止世界各地的文化 遗产消失的项目。教材对接高考匚曲Z用落实耳）教材
7、高考1. A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.(2020新高考全国卷I )Follow all rules carefully to prevent di squalification.2. Experts investigated the issue , conducted several tests, and then made a proposal for how the building could be
8、 saved.(2020 全国卷 I )A study conducted in Youngstown , Ohio , for example , discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.3. Perhaps the bestexample is shown byUNESCO, which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the wor1d from disappearing.(2020 江 苏卷)A
9、fter becoming an important part of many British streets, the phone boxes began disappearing in the 1980s, .I .单句语法填空1. Lt. is highly likely that he will succeed.2. The heavy rain made his business suffer a great loss.3. He is a very creative (create) musician.4. Families are limited(1imit)to four fr
10、ee tickets each.5. In addition, you will be required to pay an application(app1y)fee.6. The proposal(propose)supported by a large majori ty of the teachers was accepted.7. A balanced(ba1ance)diet should contain some fat, some fiber, a little salt and so on.8. Alan has made a great contribution(contr
11、ibute) to the sport.9. They attempt to finish(finish) the task before July.10. It was a time when people werent so concerned about health.II .短语填空take part in； give way to； keep balance； make a proposal； lead to； turn to； prevent. from； donate. to； make sure； in danger1. As we al 1 know, success lie
12、s in hard work while laziness leads to failure.2. I believe old farming methods should give way lo improved modern ones.3. I would greatly appreciate it if you could let me know whether you can take part in the match.4. Youd better keep balance of your diet.5. Just make sure you shut the gate after
13、you.6. They turn to you because they trust you.7. The dam was in danger because of the rising flood.8. Further treatment will prevent cancer from developing.9. How much on average do you donate to charity per year?10. I make a proposal that we(should) hold a meeting next week.III.课文语法填空In the 1950s,
14、 the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile, but the proposal led to 1. protests (protest). This was because water from the dam would 2. likely (like) damage many cultural relics. Then the government 3. established (establish) a committee to find a solution to the 4. protectio
15、n (protect) of Egypt* s cultural heritage. After a proposal for how the relics could 5. be saved (save) was made, the project began in 1960 and ended in 1980. During those years 22 temples 6. and countless cultural relics were taken down piece by piece, moved and put back together again in a place w
16、here they were safe 7. from the water. The project was considered 8. a great success. It* s believed that it was possible for different countries 9.to work (work) together to build a better tomorrow. The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today. If a problem seems too difficult for a sin
17、gle country, the 10. global (globe) community can sometimes provide a solution.她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。例 2 It is very difficult for me to keep a balance between social activities and studies.让我在社交活动与学业之间保持平衡非常困难。知识拓展(1)keep (ones) balance保持平衡lose (one, s) balance失去平衡out of balance不平衡keep the balance of.保持的平衡(2
18、) balanced adj.平稳的；安定的；和谐的keep a balanced diet保持均衡的饮食(3)balance. and/with.同等重视/兼顾和balance sth. against sth.使与抵消；权衡与即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced(balance) diet.He balanced a trip to the mountains against the chance of a summer job.(3)It is important for us to
19、 keep the balance of nature.我们必须权衡事物的利与弊。We must balance the advantages against the disadvantages of things.他试着用一只脚站稳。He tried to balance on one fool.小片段填空When he first learned to skate, he didn* t know how to balance himself and lost his balance constantly. But now he has learned to keep himself ba
20、lanced whi le skating.最初学习滑冰时，他不知道如何使自己保持平衡，经常失去平衡。可是，现在他已经学 会了滑冰时使自己保持平衡。知识要点2 lead to导致;造成（后果）；通向（教材 PjBut the proposal led to protests.但该提议引发了抗议。例 1 Many of these chemicals can lead to cancers or other illnesses.这些化学物质中有许多会导致癌症或其他疾病。例 2 As is known to us, all roads lead to Rome.众所周知，条条大路通罗马。知识拓展l
21、ead sb. to.lead sb. to.引导某人去（地方）lead sb. to do sth.致使某人做某事lead a. 1 ife过的生活引路，带路lead the way即学即练单句语法填空/同义句改写All the roads Reading(lead)to the city had been blocked.The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught(catch).What led you to this conclusion?The news led us to believe (be 1 ieve
22、) that they would come.An ordinary cold can soon lead to a fever.f An ordiniry cold can soon result in/conlribule lo a fever.小片段填空He led the way, and lod us to a village nearby. There we found the local people1 ed a happy I i fe.他带路，把我们领到了附近的一个村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。名师点津表示“导致”的常用表达还有:cause, result in
23、, contribute to, bring abouto知识要点3 likely a可能的adz可能地(教材 Pi) Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt* s cultural heritage.大坝的水可能会破坏许多寺庙，并摧毁作为埃及文化遗产重要组成部分的文物。例 1 Race walking is less likely to cause knee injuries.竞走不太可
24、能导致膝盖受伤。例 2 We wi11 most likely see him later.我们很可能晚的时候会见至I他。知识拓展(1)be likely to do sth.(1)be likely to do sth.可能（发生某种情况）It is likely + that 从句很可能(2) likely adv.很可能（多和most或very连用）(3) unlikely adj.不大可能的即学即练单句语法填空/同义句改写Childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue(continue)when they grow up
25、.Depressed patients arc more likely(likely)to become ill than normal people.Stephen Hciwking believed that the earth is unlikely （likely） to be the only planet where life has developed gradually.He is likely to raise enough funds for this project soon.fits likely Ihat. he will raise enough funds for
26、 this project soon.知以要点4 turn to向求助；致力于；翻到（书的某页）：查阅；转向；从事于（教材 Pi）After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who 1 ived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.在听取了研究这一问题的科学家和住在大坝附近的居民的意见后，政府于1959年向联合 国寻求帮助。例 1 If you turn to Page 40
27、, you will find it.如果你翻到第40页，你会找到它。例 2 More and more people turn to computer science.愈来愈多的人从事计算机科学研究。知识拓展turnaround/round转过去；转身turnup调高；出现turndown调低;拒绝turnoff关掉;切断turnin上交turnout生产；制造；结果是即学即练用turn的短语填空Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs, or you could have problems.Much to the fami
28、lys surprise, Dennis lurned up at the hospital with gifts for the new mother and her baby.However, anger can easily tui、n to violence, and it is best to know the reasons for anger.How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?知识要点 5 （教材 Pi）A committee was est
29、ablished to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.（联合国）成立了一个委员会来限制对埃及建筑物的破坏，防止文物的丢失。（Dlimit n.限度；限制v-限制；限定例 1 Try to limit your speech to five minutes.尽量把你的演讲限制在5分钟内。例 2 Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without limit.生命有限，知识无涯。知识拓展(1)There is no limit t
30、o.是无限的put/set a limit to.对限制within limits在某种程度上；有一定限制without limit无限(制)地(2)be limited to.受限制于limit. to.把限定在的范围内(3) 1 imited adj.有限的(4) limitless adj.无限的即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子I was sorry that my vocabulary was so 1 imiled(limit) that I could find no wordsto describe it.I 11 help as much as I can, but there
31、is a limit to what I can do. There are 1imitless(limit) possibilities if you keep an open mind.你最好给每月的开支设置限度。You had better set a limit to the monthly expenses.孩子的想象力是无限的。There is no limit to children* s imagination.小片段填空A mant s life is 1 imited, but there is no limit to serving the people. I wi 11
32、 devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.人的生命是有限的，可是为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命投入到无限的为人民 服务之中去。(2) prevent Ft.阻止;阻碍；阻挠例 1 They were prevented from entering the burning building. 他们被拦在了燃烧着的大楼的外面。例 2 We were prevented from attending Professor Lis lecture by the heavy rain.大雨使我们没能参加李教授
33、的演讲o知识拓展名师点津prevent + 宾语 + (from) doing stop+宾语 + (from) doing keep+宾语 + from doing)rotect. from/against.，阻止做某事保护不受侵袭（from 后接能带来伤害或损害之物）表示“阻止做某事”的三个短语用于被动语态中时，from都不能省略。即学即练单句语法填空/同义句改写You can* t stop people from saying(say) what they think.Something has been done to protect(protect) the grain from
34、rain. She was prevented(prevenl) from taking the exam by illness.Nothing would prevent him speaking out against injustice.-*Nothing would prevent him froo speaking out against injustice.-*Nothing would keep/slop him speaking out against injustice.知识要点6 contribution n.捐款；贞献；捐赠(教材 Pt)The group asked f
35、or contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community.该组织要求不同部门捐款，并在国际社会上筹集资金。例 1 Everyone should make a contribution to protecting the environment.每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。例 2 Failure can make a positive contribution to your 1 i fe once you learn to make use of it.一旦
36、你学会了利用失败，失败就能为你的生活做出积极的贡献。知识拓展(1)make a contribution/contributions to(doing) sth. 对(做)某事做出贡献(2) contribute vt. & vi.捐献；是捐助；贡献；的原因之一；促成；投稿contribute. to.向捐献/赠；投稿contribute to贡献;有助于；导致即学即练单句语法填空 Tu You you has made great contributions (contribute) to the people infected withmalaria(疟疾).We made a contr
37、ibution to those who are badly off.He contributed a number of cirtides to the magazine.小片段填空Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about it and conlribuled it to a newspaper.许多人给那个可怜的男孩捐款，使他可以重返校园。位作家写了 篇关于此事的故事, 并把它投稿到了一家报
38、社。知识要点7 attempt n. &此.企图；试图；尝试(教材 P.5)Why did the Egypticin government want to attempt the building of the dam?为什么埃及政府试图建设这个大坝？例 1 He attempted to change his learning style, but failed.他试图改变他的学习方式，但是没有成功。例 2 In an attempt to attract more customers, they took a variety of measures.为了吸引更多顾客，他们采取了各种措施。
39、知识拓展(1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 尝试做某事at one* s/the first attempt (某人)第一次尝试make no attempt to do sth. 不做任何尝试(2) attempt to do sth.企图做某事；尝试做某事即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译He made an attempt to learn to skate.He has attempted to find(find) a peaceful solution to the conflict.They made no attempt to escape
40、(escape).他们在试图用新的方法保护文化遗址。They are making an attempt/attempting to protect cultural relics in a new way. (attempt)They are trying to protect cultural relics in a new way. (try)知识要点8 worthwhile值得做的；值得花时间的(教材 P,5)A lot of money was spent to protect the temples. Do you think it was worthwhile?保护这些庙宇花费了
41、很多钱。你认为值得吗？例 1 His daughter felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.他的女儿觉得保存他的音乐很有价值。例 2 It is worthwhile to discuss the problem further.进一步讨论这个问题是值得的。易混辨析worthwhile/worthy/worth易混词意义worthwhile意为值得的”，常用句型：It is worthwhile doing sth. /to do sth.； 可作宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语worthy意为“值得的”，常用句型:be worthy of
42、 being done/to be done 或 be worthy of +名词：表示“值得尊敬的”时，常作定语worth意为“值得的”，常用句型：be worth doing,动名词主动形式表示被动含 义；常作表语即学即练单句语法填空/选词填空(worlhwhile/worlh/worlhy)It is worthwhile to send (send) him abroad for further education.The book is worthy of being read/t。 be read(read) carefully.This idea is well worth co
43、nsidering(consider).Most students agreed that the experience was worth it.He was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes worthwhile.Sentence Patterns重点句式1 a time when.”一个的时期“(教材 Pi)There comes a time when the old must give
44、 way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.新旧更替的时代已经到来。在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。句式分析a time when. “一个的时期，when引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a time。例 1 There comes a time when chi Idren must 1 eave home and spread their wings.总有一天，孩子们必须离家去施展他们自己的才能。例 2
45、 There comes a time when teenagers learn English on the Internet.青少年在网上学英语的时代到来了。知识拓展(1) there was a time when.曾有一段时间(2) at a/the time when.在的时候即学即练完成句子到了一个人要为自己所犯的错误负责的时候了。There comes a time when one must be responsible for his/her mistakes.那是一个任何事都可能会发生的时代。Il was a lime when tiny thing seemed poss
46、ible.我经常怀念我的童年。那是一段我几乎每天都无忧无虑的日子。I often miss my childhood. It was a time when I spent almost each day without worries.当初我见到他的时候，他还很年轻。At th。 time when I saw him, ho was very young.重点句式 2 not only. but also.”不仅而且”(教材 P)Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合 作创造美好未来的可能性。句式分析not only. but also. “不仅而且”用作并列连词，相当于not just.