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1、控江中学2022-2023学年学高三上学期第一次月考 英语试卷I . Listening comprehension略II Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given
2、 word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.China kicked off the 2022 Winter Olympics with a visually stunning opening ceremony.(21) a lively, snowflake-themed show that emphasized youth and ordinary people/ the games were declared officially open, (22)(prompt) a burst of fir
3、eworks over the Birds Nest National Stadium in central Beijing.The final step was to deliver the ceremonial flame, (23)moment that often carries symbolic weight based in part on (24)is selected for the task. Chinese officials chose two athletes, one of whom was Dinigeer Yilamujiang, a Uyghur cross c
4、ountry skier from Xinjiang.The pair placed the flame inside a giant snowflake, a closely (25) (watch) moment with symbolic weight in more ways than one.With temperatures appropriately below freezing in the Chinese capital, the ceremoney began with an opening sequence focusing on youth and spring. Th
5、eThe font size for your header and the introduction to a section may 14 or 16, but otherwise, you should choose 11 or 12. Your text should always be printed in solid black ink. Make sure to deactivate any hyperlinks (like to your email, address, and phone number) so that they dont print in blue or a
6、nother non-black color.2. Set up the page.Your page should have one-inch margins all the way around with 1.5 or 2 point line spacing. The body of your resume will be aligned to the left and your header should be centered at the top of your page.3. Create your heading.This is the section al the top o
7、f your resume which gives your contact information including your name, address, email, and phone number. Your name should be in a slightly larger size - either 14 or 16 point font. List your home and cell phone numbers.4. Decide on a layout.There are three general formats for creating a resume: chr
8、onological, functional, or combination. Your work history and the type of job you are applying for will determine the layout style you should use. Chronolonical resumes are used for showing a steady growth in a particular career field. These are best used for someone applying for a job within their
9、career-path to show an increase of responsibility over time. Functional resumes are focused on skills and experience rather than job history. There are best used for someone who may have holes in their work history or who have gained experience from being self-employed for a time. Combination resume
10、s arc, as it sounds, a combination of both a chronological and a functional resume. These are used to show off specific skills and how they were acquired. If you have developed a specific skill set from working in a variety of related fields, then this is the best resume option for you.60. Which fon
11、t does the author suggest considering the readability of the resume when checked online?A. Georgia.B. Times New Roman. C. Calibri. D. Helvetica.61. What is the closest explanation of the word chronological?A. arranged according to how important each item isarranged according to when things happened
12、or were madeB. be specific and concrete in the introduction of somethingstate various items in a detailed and separate way62. Which statement is true according to the passage?A. The more colorful your resume is, the more appealing it will be.B. There is no need to tell employers where you obtain you
13、r specific skills.C. Your name should be a little bit larger in size, aligned to the left.D. Blue or other strange colors will appear on your printed resume if hyperlinks are activated.(C)The philosopher, Martin Buber, is most known for his work on I-Thou/You relationships in which people are open,
14、direct, mutually interested in each other. In contrast, I-It relationships are those in which we use the other, like an object, to solve our problems and fulfill our needs and purposes.It is not our fault that many of our relationships are or become It relationships because most of what we feel, thi
15、nk and do is motivated by unconscious memories of how to survive the environment. Thus, one of the reasons we use other people to help us feel better about ourselves and cope in the world is that using people was once necessary and it worked. When we were small and helpless, It came and fed us, and
16、held us, and set us on our way. We didnt have to reciprocate and care for It”. Even when the care and attention of It was minimal or unpredictable, if we got out of childhood alive, somewhere along the way It was involved.When we are very young, other people are always lts whom we use to fulfill our
17、 needs. Freud called this stage of early life primary narcissism, which is our instinct for self-preservation and is a normal part of our development. While most of us grow out of it, we still hold a survival fear, which motivates us to escape danger and to stay alive, and we all need this fear in h
18、ealthy measure.The problem is that too many of us, too much of the time, are in a constant state of threat - and we often dont know it. We imagine people are talking about us behind our backs, that we have cancer, that we are inadequate, and vulnerable to more than our share of bad luck. As our brai
19、ns have grown in size and complexity, so has our ability to scare ourselves.This causes many problems. For example, our stress levels increase, our digestion is impaired and our thinking becomes restricted. Our threat response stops any bodily function, feeling, though and behavior that might waste
20、energy and detract from fighting or escaping danger. Thus, when in threat, our emotional, cognitive and behavioral range is significantly reduced.And in this reduced state, one of our solutions is to find someone who can save and comfort us. Instead of enabling us to be open, direct and mutual, fear
21、 and anxiety lead us towards conversations and choices in our relations with others that are orientated towards surviving - not thriving. Thread-motivated relationships are characterized by need, dependency, control, demand, dishonesty, and self-interest.We cannot form the I-Thou relationships that
22、Buber speaks of until we have learned to notice, comfort, and understand the emotions and patterns of our threat brain. When in threat, we tend to use other people as objects who can save and protect us, or who we can blame for our problems.63. When a person reciprocates, he tends to.A. ask for some
23、 adviceB. return the favourC. convey an apologyD. make some comments64. What can we learn about primary narcissism?A. It leads to our survival fear.B. It impacts our growth negatively.C. It is normal and usually temporary.D. It lays the foundation for Freuds theory.65. Which of the following could b
24、e an example of relationships?A. Comforting an upset friend.B. Feeling sorry for your mistakes.C. Asking others to take on your task.D. Trying hard to be independent.66. What would be the best title for this passage?A. How We Can Form the I-Thou RelationshipsHow We Can Get Out of the I-It Relationsh
25、ipsB. What Helps Us Survive and Thrive in Early Stages of LifeWhy We Treat Others as Objects Rather Than IndividualsSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences
26、 than you need.A. Was it because of the way the two were raised?B. It is the environment that shapes how genes are expressed.C. The intimate bonds and activities of parental care increase oxytocin.D. The reason why Helen and Daniel responded differently to the situation above can be explained in par
27、t by genetics.E. If scientific research has identified a gene that can influence our empathy, does that mean Helen was driven by greed?F. It is best known fbr its role in childbirth, but recent studies have revealed its importance in the regulation of social behavior.Kindness: Nature or Nurture?It i
28、s a typical scene in a preschool classroom: Daniel and Helen are each happily playing with their own toys when Helen suddenly eyes Daniels toy and wants it, and she wants it NOW. Daniel sees Helens desire for his toy and kindly extends it to her. Helen snatches the toy, declaring Mine! and runs off
29、across the classroom to show off her new toy to her other friends. Daniel does not mind.In this scene, Daniel displays prosocial behavior, which is characterized by concern for others and an intention to help them. Helen, on the other hand, demonstrated selfish behavior.67 Alternatively, was there s
30、omekind of genetic factor that made Daniel inherently generous and Helen naturally greedy? As it turns out, the development of prosocial behavior is a matter of both nature and nurture.Nature and nurture work together - constantly. One of the ways nature and nurture are linked is through oxytocin, a
31、 hormone with a wide array of targets throughout the human body. 68 In humans, natural oxytocin levels are related to feelings of love and trust in intimate relationships both between parent and child and between romantic partners. They arc also associated with empathy and subsequent generosity towa
32、rd strangers. When oxytocin is administered intra-nasally in human subjects, researchers usually observe an increase in generosity, trust, eye gaze, and the ability to infer the emotions of others.69 While both Helen and Daniel have oxytocin circulatingin their bodies, they may have different forms
33、of the receptor （受体）specific to this hormone. Researchers studying the gene for the oxytocin receptor have identified three different forms, called polymorphisms （多态性）：AA. AG and GG People with the GG polymorphism tend to be empathetic compared to those with the AA or AG ploymorphism.However, geneti
34、c difference is better described as a tendency toward a particular type of behavior.70 This is where the influence of parentingcomes in. But what does this have to do with oxytocin? When parents are given oxytocin, it lead to the release of natural oxytocin in their infants. Affectionate touch of an
35、d play with their children trigger oxytocin release in parents, activating brain circuits devoted to care-giving.The best bet for increasing prosocial behavior among the human population, therefore, is to encourage affectionate touch and interactive play. As these cultivate the hormones that lead to
36、 empathetic and altruistic acts, you can build strong social bonds with loved ones and strangers alike. Given the nature of oxytocin, you will find that being good to others is also good for yourself!IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the ma
37、in point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Public Opinion CountsMod-bury is a typical small town of the south of England with a population of about 1,600. Typical, that is, apart from the fact that there are so plastic carrier bags in the town. Non
38、e. Plastic bags have been well and truly dumped!The removal of the plastic bags was the brainchild of Rebecca Hosking, Mod-bury resident and documentary-maker. Filming a documentary in the Pacific Ocean, Rebecca was horrified at the effects of plastic bags on the wildlife off Hawaii. Among other thi
39、ngs, she saw seabirds fatally trapped in plastic bags that dont biodegrade.When Rebecca returned to her hometown, she discussed this problem with people, including the shopkeepers and everyone supported her suggestion to make the town plastic bag free.But for Rebeccas concept, Mod-bury would still b
40、e an unremarkable little place. Now, however, shoppers take re-usable cotton bags shopping with them, or they buy biodegradable corn starch ones on the shops. The shopkeepers now wrap their goods in paper. To prove that the townsfolk are not only committed lo reducing plastic waste, they organized a
41、 mass beach clean-up last year. Dozens of volunteers came to the beach on the appointed day to clean it up, taking the rubbish that visitors throw away and recycling it. And the greatest part of that rubbish was . no, not plastic bags, but plastic bottles.Becoming the first town in Europe to ban pla
42、stic bags, Mod-bury is now harvesting the rewards of fame - reporters and camera crews from newspapers and TV channels across the world are coming to this mild town to find out its secret. And, contrary to some of the initial reports, it is a normal town, trying to live life in a slightly different
43、way. As one resident put it. Were ordinary people, but we want tomake just a liltle difference.”V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72 .这是一个多事之夏，全国多地发生旱灾，而且疫情在某些城市再次爆发。 (when).现已证明尽管很多大学生就业前景黯淡，进入大学的竞争却依然空前激烈。 (despite)73 .由
44、于缺少自控力，很多青少年沉迷网游无法自拔，因此限制网游的时间是明 智之举。(impose).唯有重视科学民主之进步，方可在那个艰苦卓绝的年代造就勇于担当勇攀高 峰的青年。(Only)VI. Guided WritingDirections:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.76.假设你是明启中学的高三学生李红，你的学校即将迎来70周年校庆，校长 就如何举行校庆活动向在校学生广泛征求建议。请你用李红的名义给校长写一封 信，信的内容必须
45、包括：1 .校庆的形式、内容和参加对象；.你的理由。参考答案II. Grammar and VocabularySection A21. With 22. prompting 23. a 24. who 25. watched26. to promote 27. Though/Although/While 28. one 29. of whom 30. tookSection B31-40 ECFHI KBGDAIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A41-55 ABACA DBCBD DABACSection B56-59 DBCB60-62 ABD63-66
46、BCCDSection B67-70 AFDBSummary Writing71. Modbury, an English town, is the first plastic bag-free town in Europe (1). Rebecca Hoskin, who put forward this idea after seeing the effects of plastic bags on the wildlife (1), discussed with local people to accept it (1). Her idea caught on even Olympics
47、 started on the fourth day of the Lunar New Year. Chinas biggest holiday, also known as Spring Festival.The ceremony overall was a scalcd-down affair compared with past years, amid drives by both the IOC and the Chinese government (26) (promote) sustainability and rein (遏制)in excess.(27) it began an
48、d ended with fireworks, there were only about 10 percent as many as the last time Beijing hosted the Olympics in 2008. Renowned Chinese filmmaker Zhang Yimou, who directed that ceremoney as well as this (28) , told Chinese state media that the performers in this years show would be ordinary people.I
49、n contrast to the epic 2008 Summer Olympics opening ceremony in Beijing, which ran for about hours, this years grand display was simplified and shortened to less than 100 minutes because of the pandemic and the cold weather, according to Xinhua.Only 3,000 performers, (29)teenagers made up the vast majority, (30)(take) part, compared with 15,000 in 2008, Xinhu