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1、2023江苏版英语中考专题二名词五年中考考点一名词词义辨析I .单项选择.（2022 南通/l）Mr. Fang introduces a lot about the which is organized to help wild animals.A.productB.promiseC .presentD .proj ect答案 D 考查名词。product产品;promise诺言;present礼物;project工程，工程。空后的which 引导定语从句，故设空处应指“工程”,此处意为“一个被组织用来帮助野生动物的工程”，应选D。1 .（2022 连云港,4）The hat is not
2、the right for me. Id like a smaller one.A.sizeB.styleC.colourD. material答案A考查名词。根据第二句“我想要一顶小点儿的”可知尺寸大小不合适，应选A。2 .（2022 宿迁2）My grandma is good at paper- cutting. She can cut out pictures in the of cartoon characters.A.abilityB.weightC.shapeD.quality答案c此题考查名词辨析。根据第一句可知奶奶擅长剪纸，由此推断她能剪出卡通人物的形 状。应选C。3 .（2
3、022 扬州,6）We youths do our best for our dreams and together a small success can give us a sense of.A.achievementB.departmentC. treatmentD. entertainment4 .（2022 无锡锡山一模）Dont let the （sad） of your past and the fear of your future influence your present.答案sadness句意:不要让你过去的悲伤和对未来的恐惧影响你的现在。空格处在the与of 之间,所
4、以填名词。sad的名词形式为sadness。5 .（2022 泰州海陵第一次阶段考试）一Which natural （beautiful） are you going to visit?一Maybe Mount Huang, but Im not sure.答案beauty根据空格前的形容词natural可知，此处应填名词,beautiful的名词是beautyo.（2022 宿迂沐阳一模）Mike is not here at the moment. Can I take a （消息）？答案 message句意:迈克此刻不在这儿。我能带个口信吗?take a message“带口信”，为固定
5、短 语，故填messageo.（2021 南京联合体一模）The Beijing- Xiongan intercity railway connects the （首都） of China with the Xiongan New Area.答案capital根据空前的the和空后的of可知，此处填名词，故填capitalo.（2021 泰州靖江学情检测二）Time is running out. Youd better make （decide） right away.答案decisions谓语动词make后接名词作宾语,decision是可数名词，此处应填复数形式 decisions oB
6、组提升练I .单项选择.（2022 湖北武汉）一Why do you practice Tai Chi every day?一Because this Chinese form of exercise helps me relax and find my inner（内心的）.A.voiceB.qualityC.beautyD.peace答案D考查名词辨析。此处表示练太极拳能帮助我放松,并找到内心的平静。voice声 音;quality质量;beauty美丽;peace平静。应选Do.（2022 重庆 A 卷）This year, the family went camping on Day,
7、 June 1st.A.ChildB.ChildsC.ChildrenC.ChildrenD.Children答案 D 考查名词所有格。儿童节是所有儿童的节日，应用复数形式children,空后为名词Day, 前面要用名词所有格形式，应选Do.（2022 南通海安一模）一Could you take out the rubbish and wash the dishes, Jack?Sure. Mum will be mad if she sees this.A.matterB.messC.troubleD.difficulty答案 B 考查名词辨析。matter事情;mess凌乱;troub
8、le麻烦;difficulty困难。根据上文take out the rubbish and wash the dishes可知,现在家里很乱，应选Bo.（2022 淮安洪泽一模）一How can Cathy say bad words about me? I thought we were good friends. 一Who told you that? Friends need.A.courageB. trustC.pityD.distance答案B courage勇气;trust信任;pity遗憾;distance距离。根据语境，“我”和凯西之间可能出现 了误会，但朋友之间是需要信任的
9、。应选B。5 .（2022 泰州姜堰一莫）The idiom （成语）“Menciuss mother makes three moves tells of a mother who did all she could to provide the best for her child.A.experienceB.instructionC.environmentD.information答案 C 此题考查名词辨析。experience经验，经历instruction指示environment环 境;information信息。根据常识可知，“孟母三迁”这个成语故事讲述的是一个母亲竭尽全力为她
10、的孩子提供最好的（教育）环境（的故事）。应选C。6 .（2022 才历州宝应一模）一Yesterday my father bought me a new mobile phone, but I dont know how to use it.一Why not read the first before using it?A.conclusionB.conditionsC.suggestionD.instructions答案 D conclusion结论;conditions条件;suggestion建议;instructions使用说明。根据上文“不 知道怎么使用”可知，此空应填instru
11、ctions,指“先阅读使用说明。应选D。7 .（2022 盐城亭湖第一次学情调研）一Dad, what is the loudspeaker saying?一It is to the . The flight to Beijing is checking tickets now.A.customers. touristsC.membersD.passengers答案 D 此题考查名词辨析。customer顾客;tourist观光者，游客;member成员;passenger乘客。 根据下文可知，广播是说给要飞往北京的“乘客”听的。应选Do8.（2022 扬州仪征阶段测试）High- spee
12、d trains are seen as one of the new Four Great of China.A.Developments. AgreementsC.InstrumentsD.Achievements答案 D development进展情况;agreement协议;instrument乐器,器械;achievement成就。根据 常识可知,“高铁是一项重大成就”。应选D。8 .（2021 南京联合体一模）Peter is interested in reading books about animals and plants. He has a real of animals
13、, birds and flowers.A.courageB.energyC.knowledgeD.experience答案 C courage 勇气;energy 精力,活力;knowledge 知识,学问;experience 经历,经验。have a real knowledge of表示“对很了解”。应选Con.词汇运用.（2022 海南）Sam has lost his k to the door. He cant get in now.答案key/keys根据“He cant get in now.”可知，是没有钥匙所以进不去,key“钥匙”，可数名词。此处用单数或复数都可以，故填
14、key/keyso.（2022 山 东 泰安）To make the villagers1 lives easier, our government will build a b over the river.答案bridge根据空后的over the river可知，应该是在河上建一座桥。故填bridge。1 .（2022 四川成者F）Animal r have discovered the number of endangered animals in Yunnan Province is increasing.答案researchers此处表示动物研究人员发现云南省濒危动物的数量正在增加
15、。研究人员为 researcher,设空处在句中作主句主语;主句谓语为have discovered,所以主句主语应该用复数形式。 故填 researchers 0.（2022 苏 州 二模）1 dont know how to improve my English. Can you give me some a? 答案advice根据前面说“不知如何提高英语”可知，此处应该是表达征求建议,give sb.advice”给某人建议”,advice为不可数名词。故填advice0.（2022 宿迁沐阳阶段考试）The Chinese government decided to carry out
16、 a three- child policy. It allows one couple to have three （小孩）.答案children根据空格前的three和中文提示“小孩”可知此空填child的复数形式，故答案为 children o.（2022 无锡锡山一模）Daniel finally made his dream of becoming an （invent） come答案inventor根据空格前的不定冠词an可知，此空应填名词。invent的名词有两种形 式:invention指“创造，创意”;inventor指“创造家，创造者”。此空填inventor,指他想成为一
17、名创造 家的梦想终于实现。2 .（2022 扬州邙江一模）Mothers cooking skills will not only satisfy our （胃）but also our spirit.答案stomachs根据空格前的our可知,此处填stomach的复数形式。stomach虽然以ch结尾, 但它变复数是直接加 s,故此空填stomachso3 .（2022 扬州仪征一模）Would you please write down all the （顾客）names and numbers so that we can contact?答案customers,根据中文释义“顾客”可
18、知，是填名词customer的适当形式。这里修饰名词复 数names,用复数customers的所有格，故填customers。4 .（2021 苏州姑苏七校联考）The girls sweet voice caught several well- known （音乐家） attention.答案 musicians此处用名词所有格修饰attention;several后接可数名词的复数形式，故填 musicians。5 .（2021 泰州姜堰一模）Five soldiers have devoted themselves to protecting our motherland and we
19、 will remember these （hero） names.答案heroes,此处用名词所有格修饰names。根据Five soldiers和these可知，此处应填hero 的复数形式的所有格，所以填heroeso.（2021 南京玄武一模）It is surprising that the rain didn*t make much （different） to the game.答案 difference much后跟不可数名词,所以填difference。make much difference产生很大的 影响。知识拓展很多以-t结尾的形容词变成名词时，将-t变成-ce。如:d
20、ifferent 一 difference;important 一 importance;patient 一 patience;silent 一 silence。6 .（2021 苏州模拟）We decided to advertise our new （产品）which were made of steel. 答案products ”产品”译为product,可数名词。根据“were”可知要用复数形式。故填productso 13.（2021 泰州泰兴阶段检测）一Whose handbags are these?一They are those managers* （wife）.答案 wive
21、s,根据those managers，可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，主语They指handbags,所以 此处应填名词复数的所有格形式，故填wives答案 A 此题考查名词辨析。achievement成就;department部门;treatment治疗，对 待;entertainment娱乐。根据题干中的success可知,应是给我们成就感。应选A。5.（2022 镇江,9）Listening to music and watching films are both relaxing forms of. A.achievementB. agreementC.developmentD.ente
22、rtainment答案 D 此题考查名词辨析achievement 成就;agreement 同意;development 开展;entertainment 娱乐。听音乐和看电影都是令人放松的娱乐形式。应选D。6 .（2022 徐州,12）From my on the top of the TV tower, I can have a perfect view of our city.A.traditionB .conditionC.positionD.situation答案c考查名词辨析。在电视塔顶的位置可以把城市的景色尽收眼底，应选c。7 .（2021 南京,12）Yuan Longpin
23、g was a world- famous scientist. Because of his achievements, rice has been increased greatly.A.population.contributionC.productionD.introduction答案 C 此题考查名词辨析。population人口 contribution贡献;production生产，产 量;introduction引进,引言。根据常识可知，袁隆平是水稻专家，水稻产量因他的研究成果而大幅 增加。应选C。8 .（2021 宿迁,9）M Huang was born in Nanjin
24、g, but Suqian has become his second .A.familyB.houseC.villageD.hometown答案D句意:黄先生出生在南京，但宿迁已成为他的第二家乡。此题考查名词辨析。family 家庭,家人;house房屋;village村庄;hometown家乡。根据born in Nanjing可知,hometown符合语 境，应选Do9 .（2020 南京,13）Maria is always full of because she takes exercise every day.A. energyB. talentC.humourD.wealth答案
25、 A 此题考查名词的词义辨析。energy精力,活力;talent天赋;humour幽默;wealth财富。根据takes exercise every day可知,Maria应该是精力充分的，应选A项。be full of energy精力充 沛。10 .（2020 泰州，3）We have entered a world where robot operations become true with 5G technology.一Hard to believe! Scientists are full of which leads to great changes in our life.
26、A.attractionB.inventionC.positionD.contribution答案 B 此题考查名词词义辨析。attraction吸引invention创意,创造;position位置;contribution 贡献。根据上文用5G技术实现机器人手术可知,这是科学家们的创造，正是这种创造改变了我 们的生活。应选B项。11 .词汇运用.（2022 南通,46）More and more people use cloth bags to reduce （污染）when shopping.答案pollution考查名词。该空作动词reduce的宾语，根据括号内的中文可知应填名词 po
27、llution o.（2022 南通,48）My parents work in the （a place where things are made by machines） which produces toys like Bing Dwen Dwen.答案factory考查名词。根据语境和括号内的英文释义可知填factory。1 .（2022 南通,49）一Alice, who is the first man to walk on the Moons （the outside or top part of something）?-Sorry, I dont know. Lets ask
28、 Mr. Xu about it.答案surface考查名词。根据语境和括号内的英文释义可知填surface。2 .（2022 南通,50）Do you think he is telling the ?一Of course. He is an honest boy.答案truth考杳名词。根据“He is an honest boy.“可知，此处在问你觉得他是否在说真相，故填 truth o.（2022 宿迁,57）Though Judy has a real g for physics, she still works hard on it.答案gift have a gift for意为
29、“对有天赋【故填gift。3 .（2022 苏州,34）The Tiangong space station is the （骄傲）of all Chinese.答案pride设空处前有the,应该用名词形式。表示“骄傲”的名词为pride。故答案为pride。4 .（2021 常州,48）My daughters sweet （嗓音）always makes me relaxed.答案voice指人说话的嗓音用voice来表示。5 .（2021 苏州,41）We need to increase our （知识）of the history of the Communist Party of
30、 China.答案knowledge句意:我们需要增长关于中国共产党党史的知识。知识”是knowledge,是不 可数名词，故填knowledgeo.（2020 无锡,40）Go and talk openly with your friends. It helps build （信任）.答案trust此处表示开诚布公和朋友谈谈有助于建立信任，故填trust。6 .（2021 连云港,55） （参观者）must show their health QR codes and check their temperature before they go into the museum.答案 Vis
31、itors/Tourists根据下文的their可知，此处应填名词的复数形式，同时注意首字母大写。7 .（2021 宿迁,51）1 have made much more （进步）in Physics this term.答案 progress “进步”是progress,progress是不可数名词,make progress in指在方面取得进步”。8 .（2021 盐城,63）Jumping the rope is a kind of full- body exercise and it is great for the .（大 脑）答案brain句意:跳绳是一种全身运动，对大脑很有好处
32、。“大脑”是brain,此处用单数形式，故 填 brain。9 .（2021 苏州,47）In 1964, Yuan Longping found a natural hybrid rice plant that had many a over others.答案advantages句意:在1964年,袁隆平发现了一株天然的杂交水稻，它相比其他水稻有很多 优势。have many advantages over相比有许多优势”，故填 advantageso.（2021 宿迁,58）The task is too difficult. Lucy has no c but to ask other
33、s for help.答案choice此题考杳短语“have no choice but to do sth.”,指“除了做某事外，别无选择”。故此 空填 choiceo考点二 名词的数和格10 （2022 连云港,51）Whose （手套）are these? They aren*t mine.一Theyre Lucys.答案gloves由空后的are these可知用名词复数形式。11 (2022 苏舛l,31)Suzhou is very attractive with different kinds of ancient (桥).答案bridges “桥”用bridge来表示，由前面的
34、“different kinds o俨可知名词应用复数形式。故 答案为bridgeso(2022 寸勿州,50)Working as a team means celebrating and facing losses together, (victory)答案victories根据空后的facing losses可知，此处应填victory的复数形式，指“一起庆祝成功 和面对失败。以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变成复数时，要把y变成i,再加-es。故填victories。 4.(2021 南京,50)Over the years, Gong Bao Chicken has become one o
35、f the most popular (dish) in Chinese restaurants throughout the world.答案dishes此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示“最的之一“，所以这里填dish的复数形式disheso12 (2021 盐城，70)Scientists have found that talk to each other all the time. Their language is a kind of chemical, (plant)答案plants分析句子结构可知，空格处作宾语从句的主语，根据宾语从句的谓语ta
36、lk可知，此 空格处填plant的复数形式plantso13 (2020 连云港,52)Have you read the report? Those (英雄)stories really touched me deeply.答案heroes根据设空处前后的Those和stories可知填hero的复数的所有格形式heroes0知识拓展初中阶段所学的以。结尾的名词通常直接加-s,变成复数。但有些词需加-eso我们可以用顺口溜来记住这些特殊的单词:“英雄(hero)爱吃土豆(potato)、西红柿(tomato)和芒果(mango)。考点三名词的构词法.(2022 镇江,39)These UNI
37、CEF (office) wish is to improve the living conditions of the local children.答案officers，此处表示“官员”，应用officer,根据空前的These可知，此空应用复数名词，根据空 后的名词wish可知，此处填名词所有格，故填officers1 o1 .（2022 泰州,61）With the （develop） of the society, more and more people devote their energy to charity.答案development根据空前的冠词the和空后的of可知设空
38、处应为名词,develop的名词形式 为 development,故填 developmento.（2021 泰州,66）-The Government has taken action to stop water and air （pollute）.一Yes. Clear waters and green hills are as good as mountains of gold and silver.答案pollution此空填名词pollution作动词stop的宾语，指“阻止水污染和空气污染”。2 .（2020 无锡,44）We are who we are today becaus
39、e of the （choose） we made yesterday. 答案choice（s） because of后跟名词，所以此处填choose的名词形式choice（s）。3 .（2020 常 州,42）Surprisingly, my 12- year- old daughter is worried about her （weigh）. 答案 weight句意:令人吃惊的是，我12岁的女儿在担忧她的体重。形容词性物主代词her后 面接名词，故填weigh的名词形式weighto知识拓展与weight有类似构成的词还有height（高度）。4 .（2020 宿迁,62）Wu Jing
40、 is a well- known （direct）. He is popular among film lovers. 答案director由空前的冠词a和形容词well- known可知，空格处应填direct的名词形式，表示 吴京是一位著名导演，所以填directoro知识拓展以-or结尾表示人的职业、身份的词有:director（导演）;actor（演员）;visitor（参观 者）;inventor（创造家）;survivor（幸存者）;translator（译员）。三年模拟A组基础练I .单项选择.（2022 天津）Most parents think it is a good t
41、o take a school bus because its quite safe.A.riskC.gameB.choiceD.pity答案B考查名词辨析。乘坐校车很安全，因此是一个不错的选择，应选B。1 .（2022 广西北部湾经济区）一Mary, how about going to the ?一Good idea. We can read lots of books there.A.cinemaB .libraryC.hospital答案B 根据答语中lots of books可知,说话人在邀请Mary去图书馆。故答案为B。2 .（2022 黑龙江哈尔滨）一China held the
42、 Olympics in 2008 and 2022 successfully.一We take in our great country.A.adviceB.priceC.pride答案 C 考查名词辨析。由China held the Olympics in 2008 and 2022 successfully.”可知，止匕处 表示为伟大的祖国感到自豪。take pride in为感到自豪。故答案为C。3 .（2022 安徽）一I do morning exercises every day. It works my whole body.Its a good habit. It help
43、s you keep in good .A.timeB. touchC.healthD.silence答案 C 考查名词词义辨析。根据“do morning exercises every day”可知,每天锻炼身体有助于 保持身体健康。应选C。4 .（2022 福建）一Betty, youd better follow the doctors and do more exercise.一I will. Thank you.A.adviceagreementC.information答案 A 考查名词。advice建议,agreement同意,information信息。由语境可知,此处指采纳
44、医 生的建议，应选Ao6 .（2022 江西）Which ice cream do you want, Mary? You cant have all of them. You have to make a .A.wishB. surveyC.choiceD.call答案 C 考查名词辨析。由“You cant have all of them.可知，你必须做出选择。make a choice 为固定短语，意为“做出选择”。应选C。7 .（2022 新疆）一I find there are more and more overweight children in our school.一Exa
45、ctly, so we should have good eating .A.tasksB.choicesgradesD.habits答案D考查名词。前文说超重的（overweight）孩子越来越多了,故可推断此处说我们要有好 的饮食习惯，应选Do.（2022 云南）Miss Li has lots of teaching . She has her own ways to make classes lively and interesting.A.exerciseB.excitementC.experienceD.environment答案c考查名词辨析。根据后一句“她有自己的方法使课堂生动
46、有趣。”可推断，此处表示李 老师有丰富的教学经验。exercise锻炼;excitement兴奋;experience经验;environment环境。应选 Co.（2022 苏州张家港适应性考试）His speech was full of, which made everyone laugh at times.A.thoughtsB.humourC.sensesD.practice答案 B thought思想,想法;humour幽默;sense感觉;practice练习。根据下文which made everyone laugh at times 可矢口止匕空填 humouro 应选 Bo
47、.（2022 泰州海陵阶段检测）一Finding information is not a big deal today.一Well, the is how we can tell whether the information is useful or not.A.courageB.challengeC.messageD.knowledge答案B句意:如今，找信息不是什么大问题。嗯,挑战是我们怎样才能分辨信息是否 有用。此题考查名词辨析。courage勇气;challenge挑战;message信息;knowledge知识。应选B。8 .（2022 淮安洪泽学情检测）If you fight
48、 hard, know who you are, and are proud of who you are, you*ve got a good of winning.A.choiceB.chanceC.decisionC.decisionD.direction答案B句意:如果你努力奋斗，知道你是谁，并以你是谁而骄傲，你就已经有了获胜的好机会。此题考查名词辨析。choice选择;chance机会;decision决定;direction方向。应选B。9 .（2022 才引州千口 江一模）一He once tried to make a with his son, but the boy avoided him.一Its wrong of the boy to remain silent.A.decisionB.contributionC.vacationD.conversation答案 D decision 决定;contribution 贡献;vacation 假期