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1、2023全国版英语中考第一局部基础知识运用专题一名词五年中考考点1名词词义辨析I .单项选择.（2022 安彳数,24）一I do morning exercises every day. It works my whole body.Its a good habit. It helps you keep in good .A.timeB. touchC.heal thD.silence答案c根据“do morning exercises every day”可知，每天锻炼身体有助于保持身体健康。应选co1 .（2022 福建,25）Betty, youd better follow the
2、doctors and do more exercise.I will. Thank you.A.adviceB.agreementC.information答案 A advice建议,agreement同意,information信息。由语境可知，此处指采纳医生的建议,应选Ao2 .（2022 湖北武汉,33）Why do you practice Tai Chi every day?Because this Chinese form of exercise helps me relax and find my inner（内/匕的） .A.voiceB.qualityC.beautyD.p
3、eace答案D 此处表示练太极拳能帮助人们放松，并找到内心的平静。voice声音;quality质 量;beauty美丽;peace平静。应选Do答案 A 由How did you fix up及Its easy. I just followed可知，是按说明书上做的，应选Ao instruction 用法说明，常用复数;interview 访谈;instrument 仪器。follow the instructions 按照操作 说明。3 .（2022 广西贵港二模）一What is the of the basketball match between Class 3 and Class
4、4?一It was 56-42. Class 3 won the game.A.resultB.placeC.adviceD.coach答案 A根据“It was 56-42. Class 3 won the game.”可知，此处指比赛结果。应选Ao.（2022 江苏苏州模拟）The on Jack*s face showed that he was surprised at the news.A.secretB.formC.expressionD.sense答案 C 根据on Jacks face和showed由at he was surprised可知,杰克脸上的表情说明他很惊 讶。应选
5、Co secret秘密;form形式;expression表情;sense感觉。4 .（2022 广西匕海模）一As we all know, a thousand- mile journey begins with the first .一Yes, lets get started now!A.tryB.dayC.step答案c此处是谚语“千里之行，始于足下”，应选c。5 .（2022 浙江温州二模）The little girl has such a good that she can keep the names of all her classmates in mind on the
6、first day at school.A.experienceB.suggestionC.collectionD. memory答案 D 根据“she can keep the names of all her classmates in mind on the first day at school”可 知，这个小女孩的记忆力很好，应选D。experience经历;suggestion建议;collection收藏品;memory 记忆力。6 .（2022 云南昆明一模）一China has won a complete victory in its fight against pover
7、ty（脱贫攻 坚）.一Exactly. Great have taken place in my hometown.A.waysB.habitsC.resultsD.changes答案 D 根据 China has won a complete victory in its fight against poverty.可知，中国在脱贫 攻坚战中取得了全面胜利。由此可知家乡发生了巨大变化。应选D。7 .（2022 河北重点中学联考）The Great Wall is the of China. Many foreigners come to visit it every year.A.pride
8、B.praiseC .courageD .effort答案 A根据“Many foreigners come to visit it every year可知，长城是中国的骄傲。应选Ao pride骄傲;praise赞美,表扬;courage勇气;effort努力。8 .（2022 福建）And with the of a bodybuilding trainer, she trained hard and soon found herself on stage（舞台）performing-as a bodybuilder.A.helpB.needC.promise答案 A止匕处指在教练的帮助
9、下。应选A。with the help of在的帮助下。9 .（2022 江苏扬州）We youths do our best for our dreams and together a small success can give us a sense of.A.achievementB .departmentC. treatmentD .entertainment答案 A achievement成就;department部门;treatment治疗对待;entertainment娱乐。根据题干 中的success可知,应是给我们成就感。应选A。II.单句填空1 .（2022 江苏扬州一模）
10、Would you please write down all the （顾客）names and numbers so that we can contact them?答案customers,根据中文提示“顾客”可知，是填名词customer的适当形式。这里修饰名词复 数 names and numbers,用复数 customers 的所有格，故填 customers。2 .（2022 河北石家庄一模）So she asked students who had （difficult） in English to go to her office. She helped us little
11、 by little.答案 difficulty have difficulty in sth.在某方面有困难。故填 difficultyo.（2022 湖南长沙联考）After a few （year）, the forest manor （庄园）that everyone thought had disappeared came to life again.答案years year为可数名词，该空前有a few,故应填复数形式yearso.（2022 江苏苏州）Suzhou is very attractive with different kinds of ancient （桥）.答案b
12、ridges “桥用bridge来表示，由前面的“different kinds o可知，名词应用复数形式。故 答案为bridgeso.（2022 江苏南京二模）The two sides are unable to reach an （agree）. They need further discussion.答案agreement agree作动词，意为“同意”;分析句子成分可知这里应填名词用agree的名词形 式 agreement,空前有“an”,因此 agreement 用单数。故填 agreement0.（2022 江苏无锡一模）Daniel finally made his dre
13、am of becoming an （invent） come true.答案inventor根据空格前的不定冠词an可知，此空应填名词。invent的名词有两种形 式:invention指“创造创意”;inventor指“创造家，创造者二止匕空填inventor指他想成为一名创造 家的梦想终于实现了。3 .（2021 上海普陀区二模）Zak is a friendly neighbour and he treats otherswith（kind）.答案kindness此处在with后作宾语,应用名词形式，故填kindness0 treat others with kindness善待他人。
14、4.（2022 江西,21）Which ice cream do you want, Mary? You cant have all of them. You have to make a .A.wishB. surveyC.choiceD.call答案 C 由“You can!t have all of them.可知，你必须做出选择。make a choice为固定短语，意为 “做出选择:应选C。5 .（2022 云南,25）Miss Li has lots of teaching . She has her own ways to make classes lively and inte
15、resting.A.exerciseB.excitementC.experienceD.environment答案c根据后一句“她有自己的方法使课堂生动有趣。”可推断,此处表示李老师有丰富的教学经验。exercise 锻炼;excitement 兴奋;experience 经验;environment 环境。应选 Co6 .（2022 新疆,28）I find there are more and more overweight children in our school.一Exactly, so we should have good eating .A.tasksB.choicesC.g
16、radesD.habits答案D前文说超重的（overweight）孩子越来越多了,故可推断此处说我们要有好的饮食习惯,应选Do.（2021 江苏南京,12）Yuan Longping was a world - famous scientist. Because of his achievements, rice has been increased greatly.A.populationB .contributionC.productionD. introduction答案 C population 人口;contribution 贡献;production 生产，产量;introduc
17、tion 引进，弓 |言。根据 常识可知，袁隆平是水稻专家，水稻产量因他的研究成果而大幅增加。应选Co.（2021 云南,29）”i, Mom is a moving film. It has been on for several months in the .A.museumB.bankC.libraryD.cinema答案D本句中的主语It指代第一句中的电影，既然是电影启然是在电影院里放映，应选D。7 .（2021 江西,21）Your leg looks really bad! I think you should send for a about that.A.pilotB.doct
18、orC.singerD.postman答案B根据上文可知，腿看起来很糟，需要派人去请医生，应选B。8 .（2021 天津,25）His beautiful music has brought to people all over the world.A.difficultyB.pleasureC. weatherD .danger答案B句意:他优美的音乐给全世界的人带来了快乐。根据句意可知选B。9 .（2021 湖W 匕武汉,37）The idiom（成语）“Mengzis mother makes three moves” tells of a mother who did all she
19、could to provide the best for her child.A.experienceB.instructionC.environmentD.information答案c句意:成语“孟母三迁”讲述了一位母亲竭尽所能为她的孩子提供最好的环境。应选c0.（2020 湖北黄冈,26）Why do Chinese people like red?一Because the color red is the of good luck in China.A.reasonB.hopeC. dreamD.symbol答案D a/the symbol of是固定词组,表示“的象征”。故答案为D。
20、reason原因;hope希望；dream 梦想;symbol 象征。II .单句填空.（2022 安彳教,80）May the whole world be full of p（和平）Jove,and happiness.答案peace根据汉语提示可知填peaceo.（2022 浙江杭州,61）Jim will be on summer vacation in June and J.答案July考查名词。and连接了两个月份,6月和7月，故填July。1 .（2022 广西北部湾经济区,76）Can you point out your country on this world（地图）？答
21、案map由this可知用单数形式。2 .（2021 广西贺州,85）The big house was sold at a high （价格）last year.答案 price at a high price 以高价。考点2名词的数和所有格I .单项选择.（2022 重庆 A 卷,23）This year, the family went camping on Day, June 1st.A.ChildB.ChildsC.ChildrenD. Childrens答案D考查名词所有格。儿童节是所有儿童的节日,应用复数形式children,空后为名词Day, 前面要用名词所有格形式，应选D。1
22、.（2021 湖南岳阳,23）We see some rising into the air at the opening of our new library.A.balloonsB.balloonC.balloones答案 A由空前的some可知应用复数,balloon的复数为balloons,应选Ao2 .（2020 湖北恩施,22）Wuhan, one of the most important in China, is famous for the Yellow Crane Tower.A.citiesB.citysC.city答案A “one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”
23、结构意为“最的之一”。由此可知，此处 应用名词的复数形式cities。注意词尾y的变化。应选A。II .单句填空.（2022 福建,82）People had rebuilt the bridge many（time）.答案times考查名词复数。根据many可知用可数名词的复数形式，表达次，回用名 词time。故填 timeso. （ 2022 江苏扬州/ 50 ） Working as a team means celebrating （ victory ） and facing losses together.答案victories根据空后的facing losses可知，此处应填vic
24、tory的复数形式指“一起庆祝成功 和面对失败。以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变成复数时，要去y,再力口 ieso故填victories., 3.（2022 山东临沂,41）My （grandmother） garden is very nice.答案grandmothers考查名词所有格。此处表示“我奶奶的花园很漂亮”，故填grandmothers0 4.（2021 江苏南京,50）Over the years, Gong Bao Chicken has become one of the most popular （dish） in Chinese restaurants throughout
25、the world.答案dishes此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示“最的.之 一”,所以这里填dish的复数形式disheso.（2021 江苏扬州,47）The wallpaper with cartoon patterns is ideal for my（son） room.答案sons设空处与后面名词是所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故答案为son、.（2021 山东临沂,51） In 1920, the （world） first three- color traffic light was put to use.答案worlds此题考查名词所有格。
26、此处表示“世界上的第一个”，故填所有格worlds。考点3名词的构词法1 .（2022 山东临沂,44）When Dave goes back home from school, his dog always greets him at the door with （excite）.答案excitement介词with后应用名词构成介词短语with excitement（激动地）。2 .（2022 山东烟台,39）Although he majored in chemistry, Huang opened a cube store in Changsha after his （graduate
27、）.答案graduation由前面的形容词性物主代词his可知，设空处应用名词，故填graduation。3 .（2021 云南,67）As a TV （report）, its my duty to tell the truth to the public.答案reporter此处表示，电视台记者，应填reportero.（2021 内蒙古包头,70）Chinese New Year is a （celebrate） marking the end of winter and the beginning of spring.答案celebration celebrate是动词，空后的现在分词
28、短语作后置定语，由空前的冠词a可知，本 空应用名词的单数形式，故答案为celebration。4 .（2020 甘肃兰州,98）With the （develop） of science and technology, life is becoming much easier.答案 development with the development of 随着的开展。三年模拟A组基础练I .单项选择.（2022 天津）Most parents think it is a good to take a school bus because its quite safe.A.riskB.choice
29、C.gameD.pity答案B乘坐校车很安全，因此是一个不错的选择，应选B。1 .（2022 河北）Theres less water for people in nearby like China, India, and Pakistan.A.citiesB.countriesClownsD.villages答案B由“like China, India, and Pakistan”可知,这里指附近的国家。故答案为Bo.（2022 广西北部湾经济区）一Mary, how about going to the ?一Good idea. We can read lots of books ther
30、e.A.cinemaB.libraryC.hospital答案B根据答语中lots of books可知，此处说话人在邀请Mary去图书馆。应选B。2 .（2022 黑龙江哈尔滨）一China held the Olympics in 2008 and 2022 successfully.一We take in our great country.A.adviceB.priceC.pride答案 C 由“China held the Olympics in 2008 and 2022 successfully.”可矢口,止匕处表示为伟大的祖国感到自豪。take pride in为感到自豪。故答
31、案为Co.（2022 湖匕荆州模才以）一I hear you have to get up early every morning.一Right. Its one of the of my family.A.hobbiesB.rulesC.gamesD.choices答案B根据题干情境可知，这里表示“每天早起是一条家规，应选Bo.（2022 天津红桥区一模）Studying in another country is a different . You can have a try.A.traditionB .differenceC .experienceD .report答案 C在另外一个国
32、家学习是一种不同的体验。tradition传统;difference不同;experience体验;report报告。应选C。3 .（2022 重庆渝中区二模）Helen isn*t in. Can I take a for her?A.newspaperB.magazineC.messageD.language答案 C 由Helen isn*t in.可知，此处表示带口信二应选Co take a message带口信。4 .（2022天津南开中学模拟）The story reminds us that we should never make a if we cant keep it.A.w
33、ishB.choiceC.decisionC.decisionD.promise答案D根据“if we cant keep it”可推出，假设不能信守承诺就不要许诺。应选Do make a promise许诺;keep a promise信守承诺。5 .（2022 河北石家庄一模）One of the book is missing, so I can!t learn the whole story.A.copyB.pageC.writerD.reader答案B根据so I cant learn the whole story可知，这本书有一页不见了，因此“我”无法了解整个故事。应选B。6 .
34、（2022 江苏南京二模）一Sam always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day.一Thats a good . Reading makes a full man.A.habitB. dreamC.sleepD.wish答案 A 根据“Sam always reads for half an hour before bedtime every day.”可知,Sam 每天睡觉 前总要读半个小时的书。这是一个好习惯。应选A。7 .单句填空.（2022 广西北部湾经济区）People like to fly kites in （三月）
35、.答案 March注意月份是专有名词，首字母要大写。1 .（2022 浙江杭州 is the color of the sky on a sunny day.答案 Blue考查名词。根据the color of the sky on a sunny day可知，表示蓝色，故填Blueo.（2022 湖北荆州一模）Watching （mouse） was fun and helped me forget about my troubles.答案micemouse是可数名词，根据mouse前没有冠词可知此处用复数形式,mouse的复数形式是 miceo 故填 miceo2 .（2022 云南昆明联
36、考）My parents called the （policeman）, but they couldnt find anything strange.答案policemen根据空后的“they”可知,policeman应使用复数形式。故填policemeno.（2020 甘肃）Its about one （hour） bus ride from my home to the airport.答案hour* one hour* bus ride乘坐公共汽车一个小时的车程。这里hour作定语，应用所有格。故填 hourfso.（2021 辽宁大连模）After the （invent） of p
37、aper, people started to write on paper to make books.答案invention 定冠词the与介词of之间需填名词。故填inventiono.（2022 湖南长沙联考）The dogs could sense the objects from a distance,but humans couldnt feel the（warm） of the object until they touched it.答案warmth此处指“人类触摸物体时才能感知它的温度”。the warmth of the object物体的 温度”。故填warmth。B组
38、提升练I .单项选择.（2022 江苏南通启东一模）Her smile always makes me feel warm and lively. It seems to have .A.answerB. secretC.magicD. agreement答案c 根据makes me feel warm and lively可知彳微笑有神奇的魔力。应选C。answer回 答;secret秘密;magic魔法,魔力;agreement协议,一致。1 .（2022 四川成都二模）一How did you fix up the broken bicycle, Jack?一Its easy. I just followed the.A.instructionsB.interviewsC.instruments