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1、2023湖南版英语中考专题十八语篇填空五年中考分类训练一语法填空Cloze 1（2022 长沙）阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Netherlands needs thousands of new houses because the country (have) a growing population. Anyway, it may not have to build all those houses. Some of 2 (they)can be printed.3 (recent), the government has been working
2、together with a university and some building companies(公司)to build houses that are fully 3D-printed. As volunteers, an old couple has become the first people in Europe to move into such 4 house.With two 5 (bedroom) and a big living room, the house was built layer(层)by layer,using a huge 3D printer a
3、nd special cement(水泥).After being printed out, the house 6 (carry) by a truck to the building site, and a roof(屋顶)and windows were later added. It took around 120 hours 7 (finish) this 3D-printed house. Usually, it takes about one or two years to build a house in the 8 (tradition) way.The couple wil
4、l live 9 this house for six months, with a monthly pay of 800 euros(欧元). The cost seems a little bit high, but they think it is much cheaper 10 living in the hotel.1.2.3.4.5.Scientists are now 3 (try)to make robots look like humans and do 4 same things as we do. Some robots in Japan can walk and dan
5、ce. They are fun to watch. However,some scientists believe it will be 5 (difficulty)- make them really think like a human.Scientists also believe that there will be 6 (many)robots in the future. These new robots will have many different 7 (shape). Some will look like humans, and others might look li
6、ke animals. 8 India, scientists make robots look like snakes. If buildings fall down with people inside, 9(this)snake robots can help look for people under the buildings. This was not possible 20 years ago, but computers and rockets also seemed 10 (possible)lQO years ago. We never know what will hap
7、pen in the future.1. 2, 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.受宏 口语篇解读本文讲述机器人在人类生活中发挥着很大的作用，并且在未来的生活中，用途不可估 量。1 .help can(情态动词)后加动词原形。2 .because句意斗各来，做这样的工作的人会更少，因为它们很无聊,但机器人从不会觉得无聊。设 空处前后是因果关系为前果后因结构，故填because。3 .trying根据前面的时间now及助动词are可知填tryingo 4,the the sameas.是固定搭配。5 .difficult系动词be后应该接形容词,表示这将会很困难。故填形容词diffi
8、cult。6 .more句意:科学家们也相信，将来会有更多机器人。根据语境可知与现在比拟,未来会有更多机器人，故使用比拟级moreo7 .sh叩es设空处前有many （许多）修饰，应使用可数名词复数形式，故填shapes。8.1n in India在印度。表示国家的名词前用介词in。9.these空后的snake robots意为“蛇形机器人”，是复数形式，故此处应用these0lO.impossible句意:20年前这是不可能的，但电脑和火箭在100年前似乎也是不可能的。根据 句意可知，此处应填impossible“不可能的”。im-是否认前缀。长难句 We never know what
9、 will happen in the future.我们永远不知道将来会发生什么。此句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句。重点语块fall down倒塌look for寻找 over and over again反复地;一遍又一遍分类训练二方框选词填空Cloze 1（2022 郴州）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空使短文完整、通顺。（每空一词，每词限用一次）he if go hole enough another strong in repair adviceOnce upon a time, there was a shepherd. He kept many sheep. 1 th
10、e daytime, he herded（放牧）them outside; at night, he drove them into the sheepfold（羊圈）which was enclosed by dry grass and pegs.One morning, the shepherd 2 to herd the sheep and found one sheep lost. He then foundthat the sheepfold had been broken and that there was a big 3 . The wolf must have stolen
11、the sheep through the hole, he thought. You!d better 4 the sheepfold and mend the hole as soonas possible/5 the neighbor advised him. The sheep has been lost. Its no use repairing the sheepfbld.”He didnt take the neighbors kind 5The next morning, he went to herd the sheep and found 6 sheep lost. The
12、 wolf had done it again!” The shepherd was very angry. But this time, he regretted not taking 7 neighbors advice and not taking action in time. He mended the hole soon, and made the whole sheepfold 8 than before. From then on, his sheep didnt get stolen any more.The shepherd was smart 9 to prevent s
13、heep from being stolen by mending the hole of the sheepfold. What would you do 10 you made a mistake or did something wrong? Do something to make it upr just as the saying goes,Better late than never!”1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.答案语篇解读本文是一篇寓言，讲述的是“亡羊补牢”的故事,告诉我们办错事要及时弥补，“迟做总 比不做好”的道理。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中
14、的“做人与做事”主题群，涉及的子主题是“自 我认识，自我管理,自我提升”。l.In根据下文“at night, he drove them into the sheepfold”可知此处表示在白天牧羊人放牧。2 .went 根据下一段中“The next morning, he went to herd.可知填went。3 .hole根据上文“羊圈坏了”及下文“狼一定是从这个洞把羊偷走的”，可知答案是“hole”。4 .repair 根据空后“the sheepfold and mend the hole as soon as possible可知用repair”,又根据 had better
15、 do sth.可知填原形。5 .advice 根据下文.neighbors advice”可知填advice”。6 .another根据下文语境，狼又偷了羊，可知牧羊人发现羊又少了一只。7 .his此处指“他的邻居”，用形容词性物主代词，故填“his”。8.stronger根据本句语境，牧羊人很快将羊圈的洞修好了，并将羊圈修得比之前更牢固。“than”是比拟级的标志词，故填“stronger”。9.enough牧羊人足够聪明，通过把羊圈的洞修好,阻止了羊再次被偷。lo.if句意如果你犯了错误或做错事,你会做什么?由句意可知填Cloze 2（2021 郴州）从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填
16、空使短文完整、通顺。（每空一词，每词限用一次）program encourage sometimes what for easy he join friend becauseprogram encourage sometimes what for easy he join friend becauseMy best friend Ally and I spend a few hours of our time every week as volunteers for BuddyBall. It is a 1 that helps disabled kids do sports and make
17、 new friends.So 2 does a buddy （伙伴）do? At the moment, I am a buddy for an eleven-year-old boy called Tom. He is in a wheelchair and is a good basketball player, but just like any kid, it makes 3 upset when he misses a shot or makes a bad pass. He starts to cry and doesnt want toplay. 4he even wants
18、to give up. So, as his buddy, I 5 him. Now were working on ourbasketballskills together. It is great to see how he has improved and he doesnt get upset so 6 .Ally is a buddy 7 Clara, a kid with very few language skills. She is also a bit wild! She likes running away. Ally has learned how to work wit
19、h Clara and to get her to join the games. Now she loves baseball and has more 8 , Next week she*s playing in a team. Her parents are trulyhappy about Buddy Ball and they say that Clara has become more confident and sociable since she 9 Buddy Ball.Buddy Ball is a great chance for everyone! Difference
20、s disappear and we realize that we*re all just kids loving sports. I love volunteering for Buddy Ball 10 I know Im doing something meaningful!1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.答案语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了“我”和“我”的好朋友Ally在Buddy Ball做志 愿服务的事情。1 .program 根据上句as volunteers for Buddy BalL及本句句意“这是一个帮助残疾孩子做运动 和交新朋友的”
21、可知,H指代Buddy Ballo空格处应该填一个意为“工程”的名词program0 2.what设空处所在句是一个问句，联系方框提供的词汇及下文,可知空处填疑问代词what。3.him此处表示他接不住球或传球不好的时候会使他沮丧。make后面应该用代词he的宾格 形式him04.Sometimes句意:有时他甚至想要放弃。根据本句的结构，联系上下文可知，此处应填频率副词 Sometimes,意为“有时，首字母要大写。5 .encourage句意:因此,作为他的伙伴，我鼓励他。根据本句的句子结构及句意可知，此处需要动 词encourage作谓语。文章是主要用一般现在时，故填encourage。
22、6 .easily句意很高兴看到他如何进步并且不那么容易沮丧。根据句意可知，此处表示“容易地”。 形容词easy的副词形式为easily0.for此处表示Ally是Clara的伙伴。介词for表示对象。7 .friends由下句可知她在一个球队设空处需要填名词表示“朋友二friend是可数名词在more 后要用复数friendso.joined此处是指“自从她加入Buddy Ball工程她变得更加自信和更爱交际了。”故应用动词 join0根据主句中has become及连词since可知,状语从句要用一般过去时。故填joined。8 .because句意:我热爰做Buddy Ball的志愿者，
23、因为我知道我正在做有意义的事情!空格前后 的句子构成因果关系，且为前果后因关系，故填because。长难句 Differences disappear and we realize that were all just kids loving sports. 差异消失了，我 们意识到我们都只是热爱运动的孩子。这是一个由and连接的并列复合句。第二个分句中包含一个由that引导的宾语从句。 重点单词 disabled adj.残疾的improve v.提高upset v.使烦恼，使心烦意乱adj.沮丧的 sociable adj.好交际的,友好的Cloze 3（2020 郴州）从方框中选择适当的
24、词并用其正确形式填空,使短文完整、通顺。海空一词每词限用一次） Once upon a money river finally look he who help lazy but about time, there lived a wise man. Everyone looked up to him. His son, however, was very 1 and did nothing all day.The wise man was worried 2 his sons future. One day, he said to his son, “I want you to go to
25、find some treasure/5 Then he gave his son a bag. Inside the bag were clothes, some food； a little 3 and a map.The son set out on his long journey the next day. He had to travel across forests, 4 and mountains. Along the way, he met a lot of people. They 5 him when he was in trouble. He also came acr
26、oss robbers（强盗）.He saw the beauty of nature and experienced different kinds of weather.6 , after a long year, he reached the treasures location. He spent two days 7 for the treasure, but found nothing.Disappointed, he began to go back home. On his way back, he learned to hunt（打3昔）and make meals. He
27、had to fix his own clothes himself. He met the same people 8 had helped him earlier. This time, he stayed and helped them.When he reached home, he said sorry to 9 father for not finding the treasure. There wasnt any treasure in the place, my son, 10 I think you have found your lifes true purpose/9 t
28、he father answered with a smile.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.发室 口语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。从前有位智者，受人尊敬,但他的儿子非常懒惰，于是这位智者就 让儿子去寻找宝藏。儿子回来后告诉智者没有找到任何宝藏。智者却欣慰地告诉他，他已在寻 宝的途中找到了人生的真正目的。l.lazy由后文and did nothing all day可知,他的儿子非常懒惰。故填lazy。2 .about be worried about 担忧。故填 abouto.money句意:这个包里有一些衣服、食物、一点钱和一张地图。故填money。3 .rive
29、rs根据本句的forests和mountains可知，此处应填river,且forests和mountains都是复数形 式，故填rivers o.helped根据后文when he was in trouble可知，当他有困难时别人帮助了他。此处要注意时态 用一般过去时故填helpedo4 .Finally根据后文可知，此处应表示经过了一年的时间，他最终到达了宝藏所在的位置。故填Finally。5 .looking根据语境可知，他花了两天时间寻找宝藏。再结合固定搭配spend some time doing sth.“做某事花费时间做口 look for sth.“寻找某物”可知，应填loo
30、kingo.who设空处引导定语从句。先行词是people,关系代词用who。8 .his此处是指他对他的父亲说抱歉。修饰father应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。9 .but句意:父亲笑着说出那个地方没有任何宝藏，儿子，但是我认为你已经找到了你人生的真 正目的。”此处表转折，故填but。重点单词 experience v.经历重点语块look up to仰慕set out出发，启程分类训练三综合填空Cloze 1(2022 邵阳,A)阅读下面短文根据语境、中文、首字母或所给单词的提示,在空白处填入一个恰当的词，要 求所填的词意义准确，形式正确,使短文意思完整行文连贯。哎，快考试了 好紧张
31、啊！哎，快考试了 好紧张啊！It is normal to feel a bit nervous about exams, especially if youre u 1 pressure from school or family. Exam stress can cause you to feel nervous. It might influence you. Here are some things you can do to reduce your exam pressure.Firstly, let your trusted friends or family know if yo
32、u are having 2 hard time. They can support you, encourage you and offer a listening ear. Keeping it a secret will only make things 3 (bad), so dont be afraid to open up.Secondly, tell your teachers about your worries and ask for help. They may have talked to lots of 4 (学生)who are going through simil
33、ar things. So they can give you some helpful advice.Thirdly, be kind to yourself. Think about all the things you have achieved so far. It can be helpful to write the things you like about yourself, and the things other people value about you,too. Treating yourself 5 (kind) is helpful.If you follow t
34、hese things above, Pm sure you will not be worried about exams anymore.1. 2. 3. 4. 5.答案语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了减轻考前压力的一些方法。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群，涉及子主题“身心健康，抗挫能力珍爱生命的意识”。l.under考查介词。止匕处指处于压力之下，故用under。2.a考查冠词。have a hard time定搭配，表示处境艰难。3.worse考查比拟级。此处比照“让信任的人知道你的处境”和“保守秘密”，可知保守秘密让情况更糟糕，所以用bad的比拟级w
35、orse。4.students考查名词复数。前面有lots of,故用student的复数形式students。5.kindly 此处用副词kindly修饰动名词短语Treating yourselfoCloze 2（2022 衡阳）阅读下面短文在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。A new report predicts that by 2050, half of the worlds population (around 4.8 billion people) will be shortsighted. The medical name for this is myop
36、ia (近视). It is also 1 (call) near-sightedness.2 we have myopia, we cant see the things far away from us. It is true that more and more people have myopia. Its a bad situation. According to the data released (发布)by the National Health Commission, China is a big country of myopia, and almost 90 percen
37、t 3 young Chinese people are near-sighted. Children aged between six and ten 4 have myopia are more likely to suffer from severe myopia in their future. Some experts make a prediction 5 (recent). In the opinion, there will be seven times more people with myopia in 2050 than there were in the year 20
38、00.The researchers say that the number of people with myopia will increase because of different reasons. Looking at computer screens and mobile phones may be the major reason. The increase may have something to do with lifestyle 6 (change). Now, people spend 7 (little) time outdoors than before. A s
39、cience journalist says that 8 (spend) more time outdoors in early childhood can reduce the chances of getting myopia. A researcher once said, You can spend time on computers and screens, 9 remember to spend two hours outdoors every day. That is 10 for your eyesight.” 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.套案
40、口语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了近视问题的严重性、近视产生的原因及对改善近视 问题的建议。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群，涉及子主题“身心 健康，抗挫能力，珍爱生命的意识工6. 7. 8. 9. 10.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一种新型房屋一3D打印房屋的结构和特点。主 题语境属于“人与社会主题范畴中“科学与技术”这一主题群，涉及子主题“科学技术与工程，人 类创造与创新l.has由主句的needs可知，此处应该用一般现在时从句主语the country是第三人称单数，从句 谓语动词也应该用第三人称单数形式，故答案为has。2 .them所给词为
41、代词，位于介词of之后，应用宾格形式。they的宾格形式为them0故答案为them0.Recently分析句子可知，设空处在句中作时间状语，应用副词。recent的副词形式是recently, 注意句首单词首字母大写。故答案为Recently。3 .a lb匕处为“such+a/an+可数名词单数结构,house以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。故答案为a。4 .bedrooms bedroom为可数名词，由空前的two可知，此处应该用复数形式。故答案为bedrooms。5 .was carried由空后的by可知此处为被动语态，由下文and后面的were可知，此处为一般过去 时。一般过去时的
42、被动语态构成为“was/were+动词的过去分词，主语the house是第三人称单数, 所以用was0故答案为was carried0.to finish 此处为句型此takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”,意为“某人花费 时间做某事故 答案为to finish06 .traditional设空处修饰后面的名词way,应用形容词形式。tradition的形容词形式为traditional 故答案为traditional09.in live为不及物动词，后接宾语this house需加介词ino故答案为in0l.called考查被动语态。根据本句中的助动词is
43、及主语It与call的意义关系可知，应用被动语态。故填called。2.When/If考查连词。根据本句语境可知，当/如果我们患近视的时候，我们看不见远处的东西。 故填 When/Ifo3.of考查介词。止匕处表示“几乎90%的中国年轻人,percent后用of。4 .who/that考查定语从句的关系代词。该空引导定语从句，修饰先行词Children指人且该空在 定语从句中作主语，故填who/thato.recently考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词短语make a prediction,故填recentlyo5 .changes/change考查名词。change既可作可数名词又可作不可数名
44、词，故填changes/changeoess考查形容词的比拟级。根据后面的than before可知应用比拟级，故填lesso1.5 pending考查动名词短语作主语。本句是一个主从复合句,A science journalist says为主句, 后跟that引导的宾语从句。所填词与其后的more time outdoors in early childhood构成动名词 短语,在宾语从句中作主语，故填spending.,.but考查连词。逗号前的分句与逗号后的分句在意义上构成转折关系，故填but。9 .good考查上下文联系及固定短语。根据前文语境可知，那样的做法对你的视力有好处,be
45、good for对有好处。故填goodoCloze 3（2022 岳阳）根据短文内容，在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。How does the tea plant grow? This term, some students got their answers in the schooFs rooftop（屋顶）garden. Many schools have built small gardens on their teaching building*s rooftop. Some students planted tea plants there. While takin
46、g of tea plants, they also did experiments to learn more about tea.How to 2 egg soup and sandwiches? Some students learned to cook in an after-school cooking club. To parents1 3 , their kids could cook some simple dishes in a short time.In the past, Chinese children were sometimes busier after schoo
47、l 4 they had to take so many after-school classes. Now, students join all kinds of clubs. Why do students have free time to 5 up their hobbies? Because China has introduced the double reduction policy（“双减”政策）. It hopes to ease（减轻）students learning burden（负担） 6 reducing homework and after-school clas
48、ses.Students* lives have changed a lot since the policy was carried out. On the one hand, their homework is clearly 7 than before; they arent encouraged to buy workbooks（练习册）any more. Teenagers have more chances to get knowledge from the real life. This is a much better way than just hitting the books. On the other hand, students spend more time 8 after-school clubs; they get lots of life skills from these colorful clubs and have enough time to relax and think for 9. Its believed 10 the “double reduction“ policy makes a difference to students1 lives.1 . 2. 3. 4.