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1、Module 4 Which English?一、背单词与词块（一）背阅读单词会认就行（背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义）dialect n.方言，地方话1. trace n. 痕迹，踪迹ancestor n.祖先，前辈2. rhythm n.节奏；韵律bilingual adj.双语的，会讲两种语言的3. telegraph n.电报media n.新闻媒体，传媒4. splendid arf/.极好的；优秀的（二）背重点单词写对才行1. matterr,重要，要紧；有关系counts.很重要；很有价值2. unique。力.独一无二的；独特的author”. 作家，作者3. li
2、nk/i. &v. 联系debate”.讨论；辩论4. acquirer.得到，获得furthermoreaJz;, 此外，而且5. relevanteJ/,有关的；切题的conveyr, 传达，传递6. thusadv.因此；因而clarify?,弄明白；澄清7. tendency/i. 趋向；倾向select。.挑选，选择8. rejects.拒绝接受abuser. 辱骂；恶语9. overcomes.征服：战胜conflict”.抵触；冲突10. classify。. 将分类（三）背拓展单词用准才行L instant。力.立即的；立刻的；速食的n.瞬间，片刻finstantly.立即,马
3、上2. or rather VS rather than辨清(l)a huge number of+复数名词或集体名词作主语时，谓语用复数形式。(2)a huge amount of +不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式。但huge amounts of+不可数名词作主语时，谓语用复数形式。句式的验收盘点比较He played the computer game till late last night, or rather, early this morning.I decided to write a letter to him rather than phone him.辨清(l)or
4、rather意思是“更确切地说”，是对前面的部分内容的补充说明。(2)rather than意思是“而不是”，连接并列成分。(一)whetheror”不论还是”，用于连接并列成分通其用1 .补全句子We had a heated debate on whetherthenewsisfalseortrue.关于这条消息是假的还是真实的我们展开了讨论。This happens whetherthechildrenstudyinprivateschoolsrstateschooL不管孩子是在私立学校还是公立学校学习，这种情况都会发生。Whetherhappyorsad.she always trie
5、s to keep smiling.不管开心还是难过，她总是试着保持微笑。2 .句型转换 Any way, it s a good story, though it s uncertain whether it is true.f Anyway, it s a good story, whetherurnot it s true.解其困(l)whether可引导让步状语从句、主语从句、表语从句和主语从句；whether or not 连在一起时，whether不能换成if。(2)whether引导宾语从句时，有时可以换成if,但如果作介词的宾语，whether不能换 成if。(二)“主语+be
6、+adj.+to do”句式通其用1 .补全句子This shirt iscomfortabletowear.这件衬衫穿起来很舒服。The baby iseasytotakecareof.这个婴儿容易照料。2 .句型转换This house is hard to repair.f Itishardtorepairthishouse.It is safe to drink the water.f The waterissafetodrink.解其困(1)在“主语+be+弘+todo”中，动词不定式用主动形式表被动含义。使用此结构须 具备两个前提条件：不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；常
7、用于该句型的形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting 等。(2)如果动词不定式是take care of, look after, deal with, sit on这样的含有介词的动词短 语，介词不能省略。学案（三）高考语篇的价值发掘提升学科素养2020天津5月高考阅读理解D篇对接课标主题：语言学习的规律、方法等 精读真题一拓展语言能力（语篇中蓝体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法） lStudying a subject that you feel pointless is neve
8、r a fun or easy task. If you re studying history, asking yourself the question “why is history important“ is a very good first step. History is an essential part of human civilization. You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history.
9、2HistoryqroimdsiisiiiouiToots. History is an important and interesting field of study, and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper, more meaningfulglimpse （一瞥）into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where we are today. Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural bel
10、onging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide.Histuryenrichesourexperienee. Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living long time ago.According
11、to the experts, problemsfaced by people regardless of the past and present are the same. With the information about the ancestors, one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life.4JHistory makes us more empathetic （具有共情能力的）.Studying history can give us insight （洞察力）into why our cultur
12、e does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures. Fear and hate for others is usually caused by ignorance （无知）.We re scared of the things that we don t understand. History has the potential to break d
13、own those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.5History can inspire us to learn more. What s fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons. It s almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questio
14、ns about related concepts. Study那JlMth century England, and you might catch a glimpse of Charles Dickens OliverTwist. Look up Charles Dickens, and you might learn a thing or two about realism. Or maybe you end up switching your attention away from novels, and discover the history of romantic poets i
15、n England. It can go anywhere, and there is something in there for absolutely anybody.6The value of history cannot be underestimated. We don t have to live in the past, but we can definitely do better by learning from it and using the lessons learnt to lead more meaningful lives.析微点厚积语言基础构词法否定后缀Jess
16、意为“不，无”pointless adj. 无意义的hopeless adj.绝望的helpless adj.无助的aimless adj.无目标的homeless adj.无家可归的meaningless adj.毫无意义的微积累看“看”大集合：glimpse 一瞥；一看glance瞥一眼；匆匆一看；浏览gaze 凝视，注视stare 凝视；注视；盯着看glare怒目而视微语法faced为过去分词作定语修饰problemso过去分词作定语与被修饰词之间为被动关系或表示完成。微点拨名词动用：shapen.形状；外形；性质；特点号.塑造；影响的发展；便成为形状微积累熟词生义：foreign外.外
17、国的；涉外的（熟义）以.陌生的（生义）be foreign to sb.对某人来说是陌生的通句式句子的句型结构为：祈使句+and+陈述句（=if.+主句）理脉络内化读文规律解析真题一感悟素养立意考什么怎么考真题再做51. The underlined part “where we are today“ in Para.2 probably means .A. the turning point in our historyB. the present state of our nationC. the location of our homelandD. the total area of o
18、ur country解析：选B 句意理解题。根据画线部分所在句可知，作者意在表达学习祖国的历史 可以让我们更深入、更有意义地了解我们祖先的过去，以及我们是如何到达现在的状态的， 故“where we are today”指的是我们国家现在的状态，故B项正确。52. According to the experts, why is history useful for people to handle challenges of life?A. The problems at present are similar to those in the past.B. Ancient people l
19、aid economic foundations for people today.C. The current challenges of life were predicted by the ancestors.D. People living long time ago knew more about how to solve problems.解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“According to the experts .one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life.”可知，现在的人们面对的问题
20、与过去的人们 面对的问题是相同的，故现在的人们可以借鉴古人解决问题的方法，故A项正确。53. What can be concluded from Para.4?A. It is difficult to get rid of cultural barriers.B. People are willing to accept foreign cultures.C. Cultural conflicts in history are difficult to ignore.D. History helps us improve our cross-cultural awareness.解析：选D
21、 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures.,uHistory has the potential to break down .would otherwise be foreign to us.”可知，学习历史可以帮助我们了解其他文化，提升我们的跨文化意识，故D 项正确。54. With the example in Para.5, the writer intends to show that .A. Charles Dickens contributes mu
22、ch to British literatureB. OliverTwist can satisfy our curiosity about romantic poetsC. reading novels is a way to learn about a historical periodD. studying history can arouse peoples interest in other fields解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第五段主题句“History can inspire us to learn more.”以 及所举例子的内容可知，当学习十九世纪的英国历史时，你可能会看
23、到查尔斯狄更斯的小 说雾都孤儿。你可能最终会把注意力从小说上移开，了解到浪漫主义诗人的历史。由此 可推知，作者举例是为了说明学习历史可以引起人们对其他领域的兴趣，故D项正确。55. What could be the best title for the passage?A. How to Build Cultural IdentityB. Why Studying History MattersC. Know the Past, Know the PresentD. History: a Way to Broaden One s Horizons解析：选 B 标题判断题。根据第一段中的If
24、you re studying history .is an essential part of human civilization.”可知，作者开篇提出“历史为何重要”的问题，之后从四个方面 （第二至五段）来回答这一J词题；最后一殳中的The value of history cannot be underestimated.”呼应主题，强调历史的价值不可被低估。综上所述，文章意在向读者说明 学习历史为何重要，故B项为本文最佳标题。为什么考有何价值导向解读一、发展思维品质文中第55题考查学生的概括性思维。根据第一段中的“If youre studying history .is an es
25、sential part of human civilization.”可知，作者开篇提出“历史为何重要”的问题，之后从 四个方面（第二至五段）来回答这一问题；最后一段中的“The value of history cannot be underestimated.呼应主题，强调历史的价值不可被低估。综上所述，文章意在向读者说明 学习历史为何重要。二、聚焦核心价值本文主要讲述了学习历史可以使我们更深入地了解我们人类社会的过去，同时也可知 晓我们是如何发展成如今的现状。以史为鉴，古为今用，学习历史可以让我们从中总结经 验少走弯路。对于一个国家来说，历史是经验、教训、借鉴，是过去的沉淀，是未来的导
26、 向；对于一个人来说，历史是最好的老师。古今中外，历史都能教人们融会贯通、惩前忠 后，它是学习的源泉，是进步的信心。因此，学习历史具有十分重要的作用。借力真题发掘学习能力1 .单句语法填空1. We had to walk a path made （make） by a line of bricks on the muddy ground.2. We searched until we knew it would be pointless （point） to continue.3. When cracks appear in friendshipsy we should reflect on
27、 ourselves about what has gone wrong.4. His ideas wereshaped （shape） by his experiences during the war.5. It is important to try and learn from experience.n.补全句子1. The picture on the wall arousedtheboy sinterest （激起了这个男孩的兴趣）.2. With time going by, I attachmoresign迨cance （认为更重要）to what I m doing.3. W
28、hen it comes to IT, it isforei/ntv （对来说是陌生的）me.4. Not only can travellinpbroadenyoiirhorizuns （开阔你的眼界）,it can relax your body and soul as well.5. Comeontime （按时来）.and von 11 see your favourite star.III.分析长难句Studying history can give us insight （洞察力）into why our culture does certain things, and how t
29、he past has shaped it into what we know now.句式解构本句是含有三个宾语从句的主从复合句；主句的主语为动名词短语Studying history;谓语动词是can give。第一个介词into后跟两个并列的宾适从句，why引导第一个 宾语从句；how引导第二个宾语从句；how引导的宾语从句中介词into后又跟了一个what 引导的宾语从句。r句意翻译1学习历史可以让我们深入了解为什么我们的文化会做某些事情，以及过去是 如何把它塑造成我们现在所知道的样子的。w.主题语境写作很多学生对于学习历史都有一定的误解，因为他们觉得历史既没用又枯燥。然而，每 个学科
30、都有自己的价值，历史也不例外。对此你有什么看法呢？请你就此写一篇小短文。注意：1 .词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：So many students hold a misunderstanding towards history study because they think it useless and boring. However, each subject has its own value, so does history.There are several points accounting for my view. In the first pla
31、ce, history is a part of culture ） through which we can appreciate the culture of a country. In the second place, history learning helps us to make correct decisions.By reviewing history, we can avoid some mistakes which we had made in the past.Last but not least, we can learn some new ways of think
32、ing from learning history.To sum up, learning history is not only necessary but also very important. 课下主题训练语言学习的规律、方法等I .阅读理解AHave you ever been in a situation where your name is spelled incorrectly on a Starbucks cup even after you spell out every single letter to the barista （咖啡师）？ What would you
33、feel when a room freezes into a sudden silence as soon as you start talking - living with a foreign accent is difficult?Recently a gentleman in his 40s noticed my accent, and asked me where I was from. Then he inquired about what I majored in and how long V d been in the US to learn English. After a
34、 polite exchange, he said sympathetically that he couldn, t imagine how hard it was for me to deal with reading long English texts. Furthermore, he seemed genuinely puzzled to the fact that I learned to speak English “so well” in an African country. Usually I would have shown my defensive self, poin
35、ting out his ignorance and telling him how sad I felt that his education had failed him. But I didn t.Sometimes these everyday experiences can drive me crazy. I even think of trying to actively “sound American” as a way to escape the stereotypes （模式化观念）that people have. But if 1 practiced an America
36、n accent enough, would people actually focus on what I say rather than how I say it?Actually, to speak in our accent itself is to tell a story of identity. My housemates and I come from seven different countries: Jamaica, USA, Gambia, Yemen, China, Ecuador and SA. None of us speak native-like Englis
37、h, but we understand each other perfectly and get along harmoniously. If we all sounded the same, I think that would be boring. Together, we make up a cocktail of beautifully crafted accents with seasoned experiences. None of us owes anyone an explanation about why we don t sound like how you expect
38、 us to.Accepting that people sound different and embracing them for that reason is important. We are a generation of different languages, dialects, and accents. The world is more and more diverse with various cultures, and if that means making extra efforts to understand someones accent and learning
39、 how to spell their name, thats just how its going to be.Deal with it.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者从自身经历出发，一次和一位绅士交谈中，绅士 表达了对作者有口音的同情和在一个非洲国家把英语说得“那么好”的困惑。作者由此提 出世界文化的多样化并要求社会接受口音的不同。1. What purpose do the two questions serve in the first paragraph?A. To introduce the topic of the passage.B. To share some unplea
40、sant experiences.C. To show it s hard to live with an accent.D. To express disappointment at the service.解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可推知，前两句列举生活里发生的两种 有关口音不同导致的情况都是为了引出下文。故选A。2. What does the author probably do?A. An English teacher.B. An international student.C. A Starbuck waiter.D. A university professor.
41、解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Then he inquired about what I majored in and how long V d been in the US to learn English.”可知，他询问我的专业是什么和我在美 国学习英语多长时间了，由此可知作者是一名学生。故选B。3. How did the author probably feel after talking with the gentleman?A. Ashamed.B. Amazed.C. Amused. D. Annoyed.解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，作者按照往常
42、的做法会表现 出自我防卫的样子，指出他的无知，告诉他作者对他的教育失败感到多么难过。可知作者 在跟绅士交谈过后觉得很恼怒，故选D。4. Which of the following might the author most likely agree with?A. Efforts should be made to get rid of accents.B. We should speak the way we are expected to.C. Acceptance of accents is needed in the society.D. Education contributes
43、to native-like English.解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者认为接受人们有口音是很 重要的，以及下文“The world is more and more diverse it s going to be.”可知，作者认为 世界文化的多样化要求社会接受口音的不同。故选C。BI arrived at this beautiful Spanish island at the start of September, full of enthusiasm and eager to start working as an English teacher. I sor
44、ted all the necessary paperwork out and moved into a flat of my own within the first couple of days. Great, or so I thought. At 4 am and at several intervals after that, I was rudely awoken by the cock that lives opposite me. Fantastic! I now have 5 extra alarms every morning.In the following weeks,
45、 I also started to notice a trend. Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one object per day, like the hot water line, bowls, cups, the shower, doors or glass shelves. Yes, I am clumsy but things just fell apart. If it wasn t broken, it would either be dirty or missing. Using my washing b
46、asket for the first time was pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were swiftly followed by a hundred or so bugs that were living in the bottom.As for the general lack of equipment in the house, there was no oven, tin opener, sharp knives or potato peeler. It turned out making a burger
47、 from scratch wasn t the best idea. I had a small microwave and a grill. I thought the general understanding was never to put metal in a microwave but I went on. Smoke soon started to appear. I was not quite sure if it was the burger or the grill but as soon as I opened the door, the electricity cut
48、 out. I spent the following 10 minutes in a dark, smoky room hunting for the power switch using the light from my mobile phone, which broke the week after and left me without a connection to the outer world.Luckily, I m now borrowing a phone and my luck has returned. No more things have broken (probably because there is nothing left to break). I ve also realized that even if a flat looks pretty, it