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1、概要写作练习写作Flossing your teeth may protect against cognitive decline, research showsGood oral health habits like brushing and flossing may prevent cognitive impairment and dementia according to a new analysis led by researchers at NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing.Researchers analyzed 14 studies on to
2、oth loss and cognitive impairment conducted over an extended period of time, which involved a total of 34,074 adults and 4,689 cases of people with diminished cognitive function. The results showed that adults with more tooth loss had a 1.48 times higher risk of cognitive impairment and 1.28 times h
3、igher risk of dementia, even when other factors were controlled. And with each additional missing tooth, the risk of cognitive impairment grows.Adults who experienced tooth loss were more likely to have cognitive decline if they did not have dentures （彳发牙）,the new research also revealed. Dentures ar
4、e important because they allow patients to maintain a healthy diet, as well as provide the confidence to smile naturally, according to Dr. James Wilson, president of the American Academy of Periodontology.The analysis also noted that tooth loss could reflect lifelong socioeconomic disadvantages, suc
5、h as limited access to and quality of medical and dental care, fewer years of education, and poor nutrition.“Income and education are very much related to oral health, probably even more so than many other chronic conditions/7 Bei Wu, a professor in global health at NYU said. Wu said the analysis sh
6、ould serve as a reminderto both governmentsand everyday people-of the importance of maintaining good oral health from an early age all the way through to adulthood.研究表明，用牙线清洁牙齿可以防止认知能力下降纽约大学罗伊迈耶斯护理学院研究人员领导的一项新分析显示，良好的 口腔健康习惯，如刷牙和使用牙线，可能会预防认知障碍和痴呆症。研究人员分析了 14项长期进行的牙齿缺失和认知障碍研究，共涉及 34074名成年人和4689名认知功能减
7、退的患者。结果表明，即使在其他因素 得到控制的情况下，牙齿缺失较多的成年人发生认知障碍的风险高出1.48倍, 患痴呆症的风险高出L28倍。随着每一颗牙齿的缺失，认知障碍的风险就会 增加。如果没有假牙，经历过牙齿缺失的成年人更有可能出现认知下降（假牙）， 新的研究也揭示了这一点。美国牙周病学会会长詹姆斯威尔逊博士表示，假 牙之所以重要，是因为它们能让患者保持健康的饮食，并提供“自然微笑的自 信。分析还指出，牙齿缺失可能反映出终身的社会经济劣势，如医疗和牙科护 理的机会和质量有限，受教育年限短，营养不良。纽约大学全球健康教授贝 乌（BeiWu）表示：“收入和教育与口腔健康有着密切的关系，甚至可能比
8、其 他许多慢性病更为重要。吴说，这项分析应该提醒政府和普通民众，从小 到成年，保持良好口腔健康的重要性。参考范文A new research claims oral health habits help lower cognitive decline and dementia occurrence and having dentures guarantees healthy diet, confident smile, and reflects powerful socioeconomic status, while tooth loss, resulting in impaired cogn
9、itive, is related to poorer education, lower pay, limited medical care, and other diseases, so forming good oral health is strongly recommended through ones life.（60 Words）How bad are e-cigarettes for you?The regulators at Americas Food and Drug Administration could be forgiven for wanting a cigaret
10、te break. They rushed to meet a September 9th deadline to decide whether more than 6.5m e-cigarette products made by over 500 companies can remain on the market. When the deadline arrived, the agency had made determinations covering about 93% of the products submitted for review. It will block the s
11、ale of more than 946,000 flavored products.E-cigarettes have attracted keen government attention in recent years. In 2019 Americans surgeon-general （卫生局局长） called vaping（吸 电子烟） an epidemic among young people, criticizing in particular products with “kid-friendly flavors, such as cinnamon （肉桂味） and v
12、anilla. Later that year more than 450 people in America suffered from a mysterious and severe lung illness that was linked to vaping.Other countries, including Brazil, India and Singapore, have already banned e-cigarettes. So what goes into them, and how bad are they really?The devices use an electr
13、ic charge to vaporize a dose of nicotine, often accompanied by various flavoring chemicals. Nitrosamines （亚硝月安）,a carcinogenic family of chemicals, have been found in e-cigarette vapour, although at levels low enough to be deemed insignificant. Metallic particles from the device/s heating element, s
14、uch as nickle and cadmium, are also a concern. High exposure to these can increase the risk of cancer.It also contains free radicalsC 自 由 基）,highly oxidizing substances that can damage tissue or DNA, and which are thought to come mostly from flavorings. Then there is nicotine. Besides addictive, it
15、is known to have an adverse effect all around the body. Work in animals suggests that exposure to nicotine at an early age could make users more vulnerable to other addictive substances later in life.电子烟对你有多坏？美国食品和药物管理局的监管者想要休息一下，这是可以原谅的。他们 赶在9月9日的最后期限前决定，由500多家公司生产的650万多种电子烟 产品能否继续留在市场上。截止日期到来时，该机构
16、已做出决定，涵盖了约 93%的提交审查的产品。它将阻止超过94.6万种香料产品的销售。近年来，电子烟引起了政府的高度关注。2019年美国卫生部长（卫生局 局长）称为vaping（吸电子烟）在年轻人中流行，特别是批评带有儿童友 好 口味的产品，如肉桂（肉桂味）还有香草。那年晚些时候，美国有450多 人患有一种神秘而严重的肺部疾病，这种疾病与吸食有关。包括巴西、印度和新加坡在内的其他国家已经禁止电子烟。那么，它们 到底是怎么了？它们到底有多糟糕？这些设备使用电荷蒸发一定剂量的尼古丁，通常伴随着各种调味化学品。 亚硝胺（亚硝胺），在电子烟蒸气中发现了一系列致癌化学物质，尽管其含量 低到可以认为微不足
17、道。来自该设备加热元件的金属颗粒，如银和镉，也令 人担忧。大量接触这些物质会增加患癌症的风险。它还含有自由基（自由基），高氧化性物质，可损伤组织或DNA,被认为 主要来自调味品。还有尼古丁。除了上瘾之外，众所周知，它对全身都有不 良影响。对动物的研究表明，早期接触尼古丁可能会使使用者在以后的生活 中更容易受到其他成瘾物质的影响。参考范文Americas F&D administration had difficulty deciding whether e-cigarette products could remain on the market and by the deadline, wi
18、th 93% submitted ones banned finally.E-cigarettes has drawn growing government concern for its popularity among young people with minor-friendly flavor, since frequent exposure to nicotine, harmful chemicals, metallic substances and free radicals found in the vaping will induce lung illness and canc
19、ers.(60 Words)Tesla sells /zfull self-driving, but what is it really?Over the years, Tesla owners have paid as much as $10,000 for the package, called Full Self-Driving. FSD, which can be purchased as an extra on Tesla cars, is a collection of services that adds to Teslas Autopilot, the driver-assis
20、tance technology that government investigators are taking a look at after a string of crashes.Critics say FSD has not lived up to its name since its debut more than two years ago. The company is making promises that other carmakers shrink from, and its customers think their cars can do more on their
21、 own than they really can.Other automakers like Argo, Cruise and Way Mo have been developing and testing autonomous vehicles for years. In each city, they begin by building a detailed 3D map. Tesla is taking a very different tack (方针, 政策).The company and its chief executive, Elon Musk, believe that
22、self-driving cars can navigate city streets without 3D maps. After all, human drivers do not need these maps; they need only eyes.For years, Tesla has argued that autonomous vehides can understand their surroundings merely by capturing what a human driver would see as they speed down the road. That
23、means the cars need only one kind of sensor: cameras.Given the speed of cameras and the limitations in the algorithms that analyze camera images, there are still situations where such a setup cannot react quickly enough to avoid crashes, said Schuyler Cullen, a computer vision specialist who oversaw
24、 autonomous driving efforts at the South Korean teach giant Samsung.特斯拉销售“全自动驾驶，但它到底是什么？多年来，特斯拉车主为这一名为全自动驾驶”的套餐支付了高达10000 美元的费用。FSD可以作为特斯拉汽车的额外配件购买，它是特斯拉自动驾 驶仪的一系列服务，是政府调查人员在一系列车祸后正在研究的驾驶员辅助 技术。批评人士表示，FSD自两年多前首次亮相以来，一直没有名副其实。该公 司正在做出承诺，其他汽车制造商都会望而却步，其客户认为自己的汽车可 以做得比实际做得更多。Argo、Cruise和Waymo等其他汽车制造商多年
25、来一直在开发和测试自动 驾驶汽车。在每个城市，他们都从构建详细的3D地图开始。特斯拉采取了 非常不同的策略（方针，政策）.该公司及其首席执行官埃隆马斯克（ElonMusk） 认为，无人驾驶汽车可以在没有3D地图的情况下在城市街道上行驶。毕竟， 人类驾驶员不需要这些地图；他们只需要眼睛。多年来，特斯拉一直认为，自动驾驶汽车只需捕捉人类驾驶员在加速行 驶时看到的东西，就可以了解周围环境。这意味着汽车只需要一种传感器： 摄像头。韩国教学巨头三星公司（Samsung）的计算机视觉专家舒勒库伦 （SchuylerCullen）表示，考虑到摄像头的速度和分析摄像头图像的算法的局 限性，这种设置仍然无法快速
26、反应以避免撞车。参考范文Critics claim FSD technology developed by Tesla performs less satisfyingly compared to its promise based on the governments investigation aiming at a chain of crashes. Unlike other automakers/ efforts in developing and testing auto-driving vehicles by building 3D map, Tesla relies on cameras for navigation but the timely pair between camera and algorithms analysis may cause trouble.(60 Words)