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1、高中英语高考英语名词知识点总结带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、He is a wonderful of mine and we can talk for hours on end.A. componentB. committeeC. communityD. companion答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是我的好伙伴，我们可以连续谈上几个小时。A. component组成局部；B.committee 委员会;C. community 社区；D. companion 同伴。根据前文He及后文we can talk for hours on end 可知,此处指“同伴;伙伴。应选
2、D项。2、You should have asked for your parentsbefore you go out for a whole night.A. permissionB. excitementC. admissionD. encouragement答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你出去整晚之前应该征得你父母的许可。A. permission许可；B. excitement激动；C. admission 成认；D. encouragement 鼓励。根据空后“before you go out for a whole night.可知，因为要外出 待一整晚，所以空处需用名
3、词permission,表示获得父母的许可。应选A。3、It was a great for Alice to be invited to speak in front of many famous scientists.A. functionB. requestC. processD. honour答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱丽丝被邀请在许多著名的科学家面前演讲深感荣幸。A. function功能；B.request 请求；C. process 过程；D. honour 荣幸。 根据be invited to speak in front of many famous scien
4、tists”可矢口， 对爱丽丝而言，这是莫大的荣幸。应选D。4、 Primary school teachers use a lot of aids in their class activities to make their teaching easier.30、To the great of the citizens, no one else was infected with the coronavirus except the 136 confirmedcases.A. relaxationB. disappointmentC. reliefD. surprise答案：c解析：考查名
5、词词义辨析。句意：令市民大为宽慰的是，除了 136例确诊病例外，没有其他人感染了冠状病毒。A. relaxation 放松；B. disappointment 失望；C. relief 解脱、宽慰；D. surprise 惊讶。结合no one else was infected with the coronavirus可知，知晓无其他人感染冠状病毒，市民肯定大感宽慰。应选C项。31、 The US said it was ready to join the between the six countries and Iran.A. translationB. determinationC.
6、definitionD. negotiation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国表示，它已准备好参加六国与伊朗之间的谈判。A. translation翻译；B.determination 决心；C. definition 定义；D. negotiation 谈判。 根据between the six countries and Iran.“可知， 此 处表示参加六国与伊朗之间的谈判。应选D。32、The of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, the
7、 SundayParade of Citizens, and so on.A. collectionsB. attractionsC. relationsD. occasions答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个城市的吸引人之处有很多，比方它的主题公园、大型露天水幕电影、周日市 民游行等等。A. collections收集；B.attractions吸引；C.relations关系；D.occasions场合。根据后文“of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Fi
8、lm, the Sunday Parade of Citizens, and so on可知此处指这个城市的吸引人之处，应用collections。应选B。1033、 The of a passage gives readers very important information about the main idea of it.A. titleB. homeworkC. houseworkD. panic答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一篇文章的标题可以给读者提供有关文章主旨的重要信息。A. title标题；B.homework家庭作业;C. housework家务;D. pani
9、c惊恐。根据the main idea ”可知，此处表示文章的标题。故 选Ao34 “The next station is Bank!” comes the. Thats my destination.A. movementB. announcementC. techniqueD. documentary答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：广播传来下一站是银行站!。那是我的目的地。A.movement运动，活动；B.announcement 公告， 通告， 广播；C.technique 技术；D.documentary 记录电影节目。根据 The next station is Bank!
10、可知这是广播的通知。应选B项。35 Life is full of, so we must think clearly about how to make them before deciding.A. choicesB. candlesC. colorsD. competitions答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活中充满了选择，所以我们必须在做出决定之前仔细地考虑清楚要如何做出选 择。A. choices 选择；B. candles 蜡烛；C. colors 颜色;D. competitions 竞争。根据后文的 we must think dearly about how to
11、make them before deciding可推断，此处指生活中充满了“选择，所以才需要在做出决定之前仔 细地考虑清楚要如何选择。应选A项。36 We have entered into age humans are concerned about animal welfare.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. while11答案：B解析：考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入了关心动物福利的时代。先行词age,后接限定性定语从句，先行词在从 句中作时间状语，应用关系副词引导从句。应选B项。37、High-speed trains are seen as one of the
12、new Four Great of China.A. AgreementsB. EnvironmentsC. InstrumentsD. Achievements答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：高速列车被认为是中国新的四大创造之一。A. Agreements同意；B. Environments 环境；C. Instruments 仪器，工具；D. Achievements 成就。The Four Great Achievements 为固定用法，意为“四 大创造。应选D项。38、In our mind, Professor Wang is a learned and kind man,
13、so we showed our for him.A. attentionB. respectC. struggleD. request答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们心目中，王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此，我们对他很尊敬。A.attention 注意；B. respect 尊敬；C. struggle 斗争；D.request 请求。根据“Professor Wang is a learned and kind man”可知,在我们心目中,王教授是一个博学的，和蔼的人，因此,我们对他很尊敬。show our respect for（向某人表敬意）可知，选B。39、 Still
14、, one thing is clear: speaking a language well needs both fluency and.A. accuracyB. magnificenceC. significanceD. stimulation答案：A解析：12 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一点是明确的：即说好一门语言需要既要流利又要准确。A.accuracy准确;Bmagnificence华丽;C.significance重要；D.stimulation刺激。根据fluency可知,说好英语应该流利准确。故 选Ao40、 The Chinese volleyball team wo
15、n the World Cup victory, which was beyond our wildest.A. inspirations. expectationsC. invitationsD. cooperation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:中国排球队赢得了世界杯的胜利，这大大超出我们的预料。A. inspiration灵感；B. expectations期望；预料；C.invitations邀请;D. cooperation合作。根据句意可知,中国排球队赢得世界杯的 胜利，所以这出乎我们的意料，beyond one，s expectation表示超出某人的预料”，应选B。4
16、1、Since you have no child after ten years marriage, you/d better a child from local government for*A. adapt; companyB. adapt; friendC. adopt; friendD. adopt; company答案：D解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：既然你婚后十年没有孩子，你最好从当地政府收养一个孩子做伴。adaptv.适应；adopt V.收养；company n.陪伴；friend n.朋友。 根据you have no child after ten years，m
17、arriage可矢口， 第 一空是建议收养(adopt)一个孩子，第二空表示收养孩子的目的，for company为固定搭配，表示做伴。应选 D项。42、I think he was born to be an/a of a newspaper.A. sweatB. editorC. helicopterD. whistle答案：B 解析:13 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我认为他天生就是当报纸编辑的料。A.sweat汗水;B.editor编辑;C. helicopter 直升机；D. whistle 口哨。结合空后名词newspaper可知，此处指报纸编辑。应选B。43 The selectio
18、n process in the job market is based on standard tests of and experience.A. conceptB. crewC. competenceD. cruelty答案:c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：就业市场上的选择过程是基于标准能力测试和经验。A. concept概念，定义；B. crew全体船员,全体机组人员；C petence能力；D. cruelty残忍，残酷。根据语意以及下文“experience 可知，就业市场的选择标准是依据求职人的能力和经验。应选C项。44、The map shows the to the base
19、 of the mountain, which can be reached in an hour.A. routeB. prospectC. gesture答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这张地图展示了到山脚的路线，一个小时就能到达。A. route路线；B. prospect前 景；C. gesture姿势。根据句中which can be reached in an hour”可知，地图应该是展示了到山脚的路线，沿着 这条路线，一个小时就能到达山脚，route意为路线，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。45 We have a lot of for the single mother,
20、 for she had to bring up the children on her own.A. confidenceB. ambitionC. courageD. sympathy答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很同情这个单亲妈妈，因为她必须单独抚养孩子。A. confidence信心；B.ambition 抱负；C. courage 勇气；D.sympathy 同情。根据后文“for she had to bring up the children on her own （因为她必须单独抚养孩子）可知，此处表示我们同情她。应选D。46、Nowadays, food safe
21、ty has become the of the government as well as the society.14A. advantages. focusC. companyD. anger答案：B 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，食品平安以及成为政府和社会关注的焦点。A. advantage优点；B.focus焦 点；C. company公司，陪伴；D.anger愤怒。根据句意，政府和社会关注食品平安，应选B项。47、 Every Cannon digital camera we sell comes with a two-yearA. guarantees. safetyC.
22、 protectionD. promise答案：A 解析: 考查名词辨析。句意：我们出售的每台佳能数码相机都有两年的保修期。A. guarantee保修；B.safety平安;protection 保护；D. promise 承诺。根据Cannon digital camera we sell及two-year”可知，出售的相机产品会有保修期。应选A。in the morning.48、The sunrise is a beautifulA. traditionB. gravityC. sceneD. dessert答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：早晨的日出是一幅美丽的景色。A. tra
23、dition传统；B.gravity重力；C.scene景色;dessert甜点。根据The sunrise可知，日出是一幅美丽的景色。应选C。49、More and more travelers are looking for bed and breakfast in private rooms.A. accommodationB. occupationC. equipmentD. furniture答案：A 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：越来越多的旅行者于私家住房中寻求带有早餐的住宿。A. accommodation住宿；B.15 occupation工作;C. equipment设备；
24、D.furniture家具。根据句意,此处指住宿，应该用名词 accommodation在介词for后作宾语。应选A项。50 This new variety of music is a around the world.A. phenomenon; spreadsB. phenomena; spreadingC. phenomenon; spreadingD. phenomena; spread答案：c解析：考查名词和非谓语动词。句意：这种新的音乐形式正在世界各地传播。根据不定冠词a,此处用单数名词 phenomenon （现象）。分析句子结构，空格二用非谓语动词，与前面名词phenomen
25、on构成主动关系，用现 在分词形式，spreading符合题意。应选C项。51、 The job must have good expression skills.A. cheaterB. philosopherC. warriorD. applicant答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这份工作的申请人必须有好的表达技巧。A. cheater骗子；B.philosopher哲学家；C. warrior勇士； D.applicant申请人。只有applicant可以job形成词组“工作申请人，其他项均与语义不符, 应选D项。52、 The whole have been hunting f
26、or the missing child.A. broadcastB. strategyC. contributionD. neighborhood答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个社区的人都在寻找那个失踪的孩子。A.broadcast广播；B.strategy策略；16C.contribution贡献；D.neighborhood街坊。根据句意并结合各选项可知，是大家都在寻找丧失的孩子。应选Do53、As an experienced cook, her main cooking is to use only fresh ingredients.A. innovationB. phi
27、losophyC. trendD. sample答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个经验丰富的厨师，她的主要烹饪哲学是只使用新鲜的食材。A. innovation 创新；B. philosophy 哲学;C. trend 趋势；D. sample 样本。根据is to use only fresh ingredients可知，空处应使 用名词philosophy,表达“哲学、理念之意，其他选项不符合题意。应选B项。54、 His business was very successful, but it was at the of his family life.A. expenseB
28、. possessionC. wisdomD. fashion答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的生意非常成功，但却以家庭生活为代价。A. expense花费；B. possession财富; C wisdom智慧;D. fashion时尚。短语at the possession of,意为在牺牲（或损害）的情况下,结合句意 及句中but可知，此处指他的生意的成功以牺牲家庭为代价，应选A。55、 Weve made our plans, and now we must put them into.A. factB. practiceC. realityD. deed答案：B解析：考查名词
29、词义辨析。句意：我们已订好计划，现在必须付诸实施。A. fact事实；B. practice实践；C.reality现 实;D. deed 行动。根据上文Weve made our plans, and now we must put them into指把计划付诸实施应用 put into practiceo 应选 B。56、I have often thought it would be a if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at17some time during his early adult
30、 life.A. blanketB. contestC. blessingD. outcome答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我常想，如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那 将是一件幸事。A. blanket毯子;B. contest比赛; C.blessing幸事;D.outcome结果。根据句意结合生活 常识，可知如果每个人在他成年初期的某段时间里，都遭受失明和失聪的痛苦，那将是一件幸事。应选C。57、 Much to my, the city has developed rapidly over the years.A. amazeB. amazedC. a
31、mazementD. amazing答案：c解析：考查名词。句意：令我惊讶的是，这些年来这个城市开展的十分迅速。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语to ones amazement,意为令某人吃惊的是，形容词性物主代词后接名词作宾语。应选C。小提示：58、 Though there is a long between Tom and his family, they dont feel.A. distance; distanceB. distant; distantC. distance; distantD. distant; distance答案：c解析：考查名词和动词。句意：虽然汤姆和他的家人之
32、间距离很远，但他们并不感到疏远。long是形容词，修饰名 词，因此第一空是名词distance,前面有a,因此空格处用单数，feel是感官动词，其后跟形容词作表语，因 此第二空是distanto应选CoPatience is an important of a happy and rewarding life. After all, there is always something worthwaiting for in our life.A. lessonB. experienceC. purposeD. quality18答案：D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：耐心是快乐而有意义的生活的
33、重要品质。毕竟，在我们的生活中总有一些值得等 待的东西。A. lesson课程；B.experience经历；C.purpose目的；D.quality品质。根据上文“Patience is an important指耐心是重要品质,应用quality。应选D。60 The of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured.A. harmonyB. relaxationC. reliefD. ease答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:减轻疼痛很容易,但疾病很难治愈。A. harmony和谐；B. r
34、elaxation放松；C. relief 减轻；D. ease 舒适。根据后文“of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured”可知指减轻 疼痛应用relief,应选CoThe prince lived in a large and beautiful.A. hurricaneB. castleC. petrolD. calligraphy答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:王子住在一座又大又漂亮的城堡里。A. hurricane飓风；B. castle城堡；C.petrol汽 油；D. call
35、igraphy书法。根据常识判断可知，王子一般住在城堡里。应选B。61、 What we say should be consistent with what we do. There should not be in our words and actions.A. conservationB. contradictionC. consequenceD. consultation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们说的应该和做的一致。我们的言行不应该有矛盾。A. conservation保护；B.19A. medicalB. visualC. firstD. band答案：B解析：考查
36、形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：小学教师在课堂活动中使用大量的视觉教具，使教学更容易。A. medical 医疗的；B. visual视觉的；C. first第一的；D.band乐队。根据Primary school teachers 可知，小学老师需要使 用视觉教具。应选B。5、 I have decided to take the entrance examinations to college.Wish you.A. a luckB. a good luckC. luckD. a success答案：c解析：考查名词的数。句意：一一我已经决定参加大学入学考试了。一一祝你好运。success表
37、示成功时，为抽象概 念和luck （运气）均为不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词，故排除A、B和D选项。wish you luck祝你好运。故 选Co6、If the temperature is below 00C, water will turn into in the open air.A. iceB. steamC. fogD. rain答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果温度低于。摄氏度，水在户外就会结冰。A. ice冰；B. steam蒸气；C. fog雾; D. rain雨。根据常识可知，在户外，气温低于。度，水就会结冰。应选A。7、I hope my teacher will
38、 take into the fact that I was ill just before the exams when she mypaper.A. account; marksB. count; marksC. account; markedD. count; marked答案：A contradiction 矛盾；C. consequence 结果；D. consultation 咨询。 根据上文What we say should be consistentwith what we do.“可知，指言行不矛盾，应用contradiction。应选B。63 There is a gre
39、at of information that points to him as being the person planning the accident.A. applicationB. recreationC. abundance答案:c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有大量的信息说明他是筹划这次事故的人。A. application申请；B.recreation娱乐, 消遣；C. abundance大量。根据句意可知,句中涉及固定短语a great abundance of，意为大量的，丰富 的,句中表示大量的信息，abundance意为大量，名词词性。应选C项。64、 Police h
40、ave arrested a in a series of killing in the city.A. suspectB. conflictC. virus答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：警方在该市的一系列谋杀案中逮捕了嫌疑犯。A.suspect嫌疑犯；B.conflict矛盾； C.virus病毒。根据a series of killing in the city”,可知此处是指抓到了一个嫌疑犯。应选A。65、 I owe you a(an)for having kept you waiting for such a long time.A. judgments. argumentC
41、. apologyD. intention答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：让你等了这么长时间，我该向你抱歉。A. judgment判断，判决；B.argument争论; C apology抱歉;D.intention意图，目的。由语意可知，让你等了这么长时间,这里表达歉意，apology抱歉, 符合题意。应选C项。66、 The local government has begun a in this city to cut down the traffic accidents.20A. protestB. protectC. projectD. propose答案：C解析：考查名词和动
42、词辨析。句意：当地政府在这个城市启动了一个方案以减少交通事故。A. protest抗议（动词或 名词）；B. protect保护（动词）；C.project方案（名词）；计划（动词）；D.propose提议（动词）。根据 冠词a可知，设空处需填入名词，结合主语government可知，名词project方案符合句意。应选C。67、 The present of education needs improving.A. systemB. dawnC. cometD. vitamin答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:目前的教育制度需要改进。A. system制度；B.dawn黎明；C et彗星
43、；D.vitamin维生素。由of education可知，此处指“教育制度，system符合句意。应选A项。68、A popular saying goes, zzlt is easier to change the of a river than a person/s nature.”A. sourceB. courseC. textureD. perception答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：俗话说：改变河流的源头比改变一个人的本性更容易。A. source起源，资源；B. course课程；C.texture纹理；D. perception知觉。结合句意可知和一个人的本性能够并
44、列的是河流的源头, 填入source符合题意。应选A。69、The police offered a $200 for any information leading to the arrest of the murderer.A. awardB. priceC. rewardD. prize答案：C解析：21 考查名词词义辨析。句意：警方悬赏200美元悬赏，以获取可以抓捕凶手的任何信息。A. award奖品、授予; B. price价格；C.reward悬赏金、报酬；D.prize奖品、重要人物。分析语境可知，空格处用reward表示悬赏 金、报酬符合语境。应选C项。70、 As can b
45、e seen, in the fierce competition, honesty is a vital of her success.A. evidences. criterionC. conceptD. element答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:正如我们所看到的，在激烈的竞争中，老实是她成功的关键因素。A. evidence证 据；B. criterion标准；C.concept概念；D. element元素。由句意可知，此处说的是“她成功的关键要素是诚 实。应选D项。71、 News of their safety came as a great.A. attemptB. d
46、isasterC. emergencyD. relief答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们平安的消息传来，使我们松了一口气。A.attempt尝试；B.disaster灾难； C.emergency突发事件；D.relief抚慰。根据News of their safety came可知，他们平安的消息传来，使我们松 了一 口气。应选D项。72 The students are having a(n)on whether children should attend tutorial classes or not after school.A. encounterB. debateC.
47、 impactD. reaction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们正在进行一场有关孩子是否应该上课后辅导班的辩论赛。A.encounter遇见;debate辩论；C.impact影响;D.reaction反响。由句意可知,学生们正在辩论孩子是否应该上课后辅导班。应选B项。2273、 Fifteen wild Asian elephants headed north and no one knew their.A. responseB. destinationC. failureD. demand答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：十五头野生亚洲象向北进发，没有人知道它们的目的地
48、。A. response回应；B.destination目的地；C.failure失败；D. demand要求，需要。该句是并列句，根据and前面的headed north可 知，没人知道它们去哪里。应选B。74 -I have a sore throat today!-Youd better take advantage of the tea break to go to.A. chemistsB. the chemistC. the chemistsD. the chemists/答案：c解析：考查所有格的省略及固定用法。句意：一一今天我喉咙好痛。一一你最好利用茶歇时间去一下药店。chemist 为药剂师，药师，在英语中，人们惯常用goto the chemis这一用法来表