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1、中考专题五：介词介词at/ in /on .1.表示时间：1） .表示某一具体时间点，某一时刻/年龄 at six o clock at noon at that timeat the moment at the age of at nightin表示时间段,一天的三个时间段以及月份,年,季节,世纪，人生的某个时期（某人几十岁时）in the morning/afternoon /eveningin spring /in 2023/in Marchin the twenty-first centuryin his fifties3）on表示星期几/某一具体的日子/具体某天的上午/下午/晚上，表
2、示一天中的三个时间段名词前有修饰语或后 有修饰语时.On Monday on New Years Dayon Sunday morning on a rainy nighton the evening of April 1st ,20232表地点：Dat 一般指较小的地点或较具体的位置at the station at the cinema2） in表示在较大的地点或一个有限空间里.in China in the classroom3）on指在某物体的表面上.on the desk注意：写街道时,若有门牌号用at ,否则用on / in都可.He lives at 270 DongChang,
3、 an Street.二 .介词in /on / to表方位：表示A地在B地范围之内.（包含关系）Tanwan is the southeast of China .表示A, B地接壤.（外切关系）Hubei is the north of Hunan .表示A, B两地有一定的间距.（外离关系）Japan is the east of China .三 .between / among 在之间:指两者之间.在.之间.:用于三者或三者以上人或物之间.在之中.You sit him and me .The song is popular the students.四 .after / in在之后
4、after1）after +时间段.表示以过去某一时刻为起点的一段时间之后，用于过去时.1） after 作介词.after doing sth+一段时间.表示说话时或以现在为起点的将来一段时间之后.用于将来时.He came back two days .He will go home finishing his homework .He will come back two days .五.with / in / by表示“用”表示“用” 一般指有形的工具/手段/人体器官.He cut the apple into halves a knife .注：with表伴随，“带有，含有”He c
5、ame in a big smile on his face .表示用某种语言，方式，途径.或书写/绘画所用的材料.也可表交通方式.Can you say it English ?He wrote a letter blue ink .表示乘坐交通工具，表示方式，方法I study for a test working with a group .He makes a living selling newspapers .注意：同义词组. by phone 二 on the phone1) . by car = in a car. in pen = with a pen = with pens
6、六.across / through / over / by 经过指横穿，穿过.表示动作从某一物体表面上经过.指穿过,透过,表示从某一物体空间内通过.表示从某人或某物的上空经过或越过,不与表面接触.表示从某人/某物的旁边经过.Can you swim the river ?the elephant is so big that it can t go the gate .I don t think anyone can jump the fence.I walked the bank of China yesterday .七.in front of / in the front ofthe
7、front of表示在内部的前面front of表示在外面的前面There is a desk in front of our classroom .There is a big tree in front of our classroom.八.其它介词的用法：的其它用法.1) .表示“从事或正在做某事”，其后加的名词往往不加冠词.She is at work now 二 She is working now .2) at表示“价格或速度”The train ran at 120 kilometres an hour .的其它用法：Din表示“在方面”词组：do well in = be go
8、od at be weak in3) in表示“穿着”后接表颜色的词或衣服.词组：be in +衣服=be wearing +衣服in作副词,“在家”二al home的用法：1) .像/和一样.常与系动词连用.词组：look like sound like.与what连用，“是什么样子，怎样”.What is he like ? He is kind .的用法：1) .从下来，脱离某物体.词组:fall off. “休假”通常放在时间名词之后.词组：have +时间+ offHe hasn t had a night off for two hours ./ besides. except除了
9、.之外，都.不包括在范围之内.注：nothing but 除了之外，什么也没有.1) .besdies除了之外，还有.包括在范围之内.We all went swimmingLucy .There is a letter in the box .We study Japanese and French English ./ without.with具有，含有反义词：without没有词组：with the help of = with one s help =because of = thanks towithout one s help1) . without 的用法:A), without
10、 + sb. / sth.没有某人或某物B) . without + doing sth .He left here without(say ) “Goodbye” to us. without sth常与if引导的否定的条件句.If there is no water , we can, t live . = We can t live.the tree /in the treeon the tree表示“树上本身长的东西”在树上.而in the tree表示“外界的物体进入树中”人或物在 树上.There are some apples the tree .There is a boy t
11、he tree./ for注：since / for用于现在完成时.1), since :a) . since +时间点.现在完成时+ since +一般过去时b) . since +一段时间 + ago.2)for: for +一段时间= since +一段时间 + agomade +介词的区别:be made of由制成(看得见原材料)be made from由制成(看不见原材料)be made in +地点由哪儿生产be made by sb.由某人制造10 .表示“数量的介词”about , round around over1) . about , round around 表示 “
12、大约”2) . over 表示 “超过二 more than./ outsideInside 在里面 反义词:outside在外面the wall /on the wallin the wall表示“门窗在墙上 on the wall表示“某东西张贴或挂在墙上”九.不用介词的情况：1) .当时间状为：tonight, today, yesterday, tomorrow 等时，不用介词.What are you going to do tonight ?2) .含有 this, that, these, those, last, next, every, each 等日寸间状语.He went to Wuhan last week .3) .以all开头的时间状语前面不用介词.He has worked all day .4) .以some , any, one等构成的时间状语前不用介词.He met a bad man one cold morning .= He met a bad man on a cold morning .