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1、八、定语从句和名词性从句1The reason _ she explained to us for her absence from the party sounded reasonable.Awhy Bthat Cwhat Dbecause答案B句意：她向我们解释的未能参加聚会的原因听起来有道理。先行词是the reason，定语从句中explained缺宾语，故用that引导。why在定语从句中作原因状语；what，because不引导定语从句。2I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault.Awh
2、o Bthat Cas Dwhat答案B句意：我拒绝接受由于别人的过错而导致的对我的责备。所选项引导定语从句并在从句中作主语；先行词是指物的不定代词something，故关系代词用that。who的先行词为指人的名词或代词；as引导限制性定语从句时，前面一般有the same，such等；what不能引导定语从句。3The single most important factor _ contributes to success is what you do every single day.Awhat Bwhich C/ Dthat答案D句意：促使成功的唯一最重要的因素就是你每一天所做的事情
3、。定语从句缺少指事物的主语，且先行词前有最高级修饰，故用that不用which；that在从句中作主语，不能省略。what不能引导定语从句。4She was educated at Beijing University，_ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.Aafter that Bfrom thatCfrom which Dafter which答案D句意为“她从北大毕业之后去了国外进修。after which中which指代整个句子。5He was educated at a local grammar school，_ he we
4、nt on to Cambridge.Afrom which Bafter thatCafter which Dfrom this答案C从句子的逻辑关系来分析，他在当地的语法学校接受教育，而此后就去了剑桥大学。6The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months，_ the sailing time was 226 days.Aof which Bduring whichCfrom which Dfor which答案Awhich指代先行词nine months,226天是属于9个月的，表示所属关系用介词of。7If you
5、 are feeling very tired and sick of fat food，that is _ you are supposed to go to the hospital for a medical examination.Awhy Bwhen Cwhich Dwho答案B考查表语从句。句意：当你感到疲劳而且闻到油腻的食物会恶心，这个时候你最好去医院做个检查。从句中不缺少主、宾、表语，故可以排除C、D两项；why表示原因；when表示时间，根据语境判断表示时间。8Hi，Peter.You seem to have gained a lot of weight.Well，good
6、 food，not enough exercise，thats _ I got fat.Ahow Bwhen Cwhat Dwhether答案A考查表语从句。句意：“彼得，你好似是胖了很多。“是啊，吃的不错，却没有足够的锻炼。我就是这样变胖的。从句中不缺主、宾、表语。选择连接副词。how符合语境。9As is recorded in history，silkworms were first raised by a woman in _ is todays Hebei Province.Ahere Bthe placeCwhich Dwhat答案D考查宾语从句。句意：据历史记载，最早养蚕的人在今
7、天的河北省。what引导介词in的宾语从句，在从句中作主语，相当于the place that。从句中缺少主语，选择连接代词，which在宾语从句中作定语。10Having checked the doors were closed，and _ all the lights were off，the boy opened the door to his bedroom.Awhy Bthat Cwhen Dwhere答案B此题考查宾语从句的引导词，根据and可判断all the lights were off，仍然是check的宾语从句，再根据句意只有that符合。11In my opinion
8、，life in the twentyfirst century is much easier than _.Athat used to be Bit is used toCit was used to Dit used to be答案D此题考查used to do结构。首先根据句意和结构B、C是不正确的，A、D的区别在于主语用that还是it，that只能在定语从句中作主语，而than后应跟一个完整的句子。12You can only be sure of _ you have at present；you cannot be sure of something _ you might ge
9、t in the future.Athat；what Bwhat；/Cwhich；that D/；that答案B此题考查定语从句和名词性从句。of后应跟宾语从句，又因引导词在从句中做have的宾语，所以引导词用what，根据这一点答案只能是B。something后跟定语从句，引导词做get的宾语，所以引导词可用that、which或不用任何引导词。13We really love Indian food and such occasions are very rare _ we have so many foods available at such low prices.Awhich Bwh
10、en Cwhy Dwho答案B句意：我们十分喜爱印度食品，并且我们能够以如此低的价格购得这么多食物的场合非常罕见。空格所填词引导定语从句修饰先行词occasions，并在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。which和who在句中作主语、宾语和表语。why在句中作原因状语。14I saw a woman running towards me in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction _ she had come.Aof which Bby whichCin whic
11、h Dfrom which答案D句意：我看到一个女人从黑暗中向我跑来，我还没能认出她，她又向来时的方向跑走了。句中先行词为direction，在定语从句中come为不及物动词。“从哪个方向跑来应当为come from the direction，所以此处为from which。15Those roses were the first of the many bunches _ accompanied all the milestones in my life.Awhich Bthat Cwhat Dit答案Bthat引导定语从句，先行词由序数词first修饰时只能用that而不用which。1
12、6It was a matter of _ would take the position.Awho Bwhoever Cwhom Dwhomever答案A句意：问题是谁来取代这个位置。所选项引导介词of的宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，且表示“谁，故用who。whoever“无论谁；whom，whomever只能作宾语。17These shoes look very good.I wonder _.Ahow much cost they areBhow much do they costChow much they costDhow much are they cost答案C句意：这些鞋子看起来
13、很好，我想知道它们值多少钱。wonder后接宾语从句，宾语从句中要用陈述句语序，应选C。18My dad explained to me what a hug was and told me _ people hugged in America.Awhy Bwhat Cwhich Dwho答案A句意：我爸爸和我解释什么是拥抱，并且告诉我在美国人们为什么拥抱。所选项引导宾语从句，并在从句中作状语，表示原因，故用why。what，which，who在名词性从句中作主语、宾语等。19Bears often hide themselves in places _ cant be found by hu
14、nters.Ain which BwhereCthat Dwhat答案C句意：熊经常将自己藏在猎人找不到的地方。所选项引导定语从句，修饰先行词places，并在从句中作主语，故用that。in which，where均在从句中作地点状语；what不能引导定语从句。20The girl in plain clothes，_ was wonderfully calm in face of danger，was just sixteen years old.Awhen Bwhich Cwhat Dwho答案D句意：那个穿着朴素的女孩面对危险时非常镇定，她只有16岁。所选项引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先
15、行词the girl，并在从句中作主语，故用who。when在定语从句中作时间状语；which引导定语从句时，先行词常指物；what不能引导定语从句。21Let The Bullets Fly is the very film _ Ive long wished to see.Awhich Bthat Cwho Dwhom答案B句意：?让子弹飞?正是我很长时间以来都想看的那部电影。定语从句中动词see缺少宾语，先行词film被the very所修饰，故关系代词用that。22Culture refers to a group or community _ we share common exp
16、eriences that shape the way we understand the world.Awith which BthatCwhich Dwhat答案Awhich指代先行词group or community，在从句中作share with的宾语。23The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ they are being trained.Ain that Bfor thatCin which Dfor which答案D从句子的意思来看，是孩子们为了工作而
17、参加的训练。24Its no longer a question now _ man can land on the moon.Athat Bwhich Cwhether Dwhat答案A考查主语从句。25The playground near my home is full of people except _ it rains.Athat Bfor C/ Dwhen答案D介词except后跟when引导的宾语从句。26Tomorrow is Toms birthday.Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held?Awhat Bwhich
18、Cthat Dwhere答案Dwhere引导同位语从句，解释说明idea的内容。27I drove to Shenzhen for the 26th Universide in August.Is that _ you had a few days off?Awhy Bwhat Cwhen Dwhere答案A考查表语从句。句意：我八月份驾车去深圳看第26届深圳大运会。那就是你为什么离开几天的原因吗？根据句意答案为A项。28The story goes _ some time ago a man punished his threeyearold daughter for wasting a r
19、oll of gold wrapping paper.Awhich Bthat Cwhat Dwhen答案B考查同位语从句。句意：故事是这样的：一位父亲惩罚了三岁的女儿，只因为她浪费了一卷金色的包装纸。that引导同位语从句解释说明前边名词story的具体内容。29The officer said，“_ our hope that through more understanding of Confucius we can make the world filled with more love，justice and peace.AThat is BThere isCThis is DIt
20、is答案D考查主语从句。句意：那位官员说：“我们愿通过对孔子的更多了解，让世界充满仁爱、正义与和平。it充当形式主语指代后面的从句。30Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old _ they swam in it.Awhen Bthat Cwho Dwhere答案A先行词the days和从句分开使问题难度增大了，引导词在从句中作时间状语，所以选A项。31The reason _ he didnt have breakfast this morning was that he got up too late.Aon
21、which BwhyCin which Dfor that答案B定语从句中的主谓宾成分齐全，而先行词reason后用why引导从句，在从句中作状语，表示“的原因是。32I shall never forget those years _ I lived in the country with the farmers，_ has a great effect on my life.Athat；which Bwhen；whichCwhich；that Dwhen；who答案B第一个定语从句的先行词those years是表示时间概念的名词，其后要用when引导定语从句，when在从句中作时间状语；
22、第二个定语从句是非限制性定语从句，要用which引导，which指代整个句子，在从句中作主语。33Say less about yourself，and more about _ your teammates have done.I will.Awhich Bwhy Cthat Dwhat答案D句意：少说些关于你自己的事情，多说些队友们做的事情。我会的。所选项引导about的宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语，故用what引导。which表示“哪一个/些；why在从句中作原因状语；that在从句中不作成分，也没有意义。34The reason why he has been such a succes
23、s is _ he never gives up.Awhat Bthat Cbecause Dwhy答案B句意：他如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。句子的主语是the reason，表语从句需用that引导，that在从句中不作成分。35Life is like a cup，and it is up to you to decide _ it is a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup.Ahow Bwhy Cthat Dwhether答案D句意：生活就像一个杯子，是饮水杯还是刷牙的杯子由你来决定。所选项引导宾语从句，在从句中不作任何成分，但表示“是否之意，故用whet
24、her。how在名词性从句中作方式状语；why在名词性从句中作原因状语；that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，也无任何意义。36That unforgettable ball was the last happy moment _ I enjoyed myself.Awhen Bthat Cwhich Dwhere答案A因为I enjoyed myself中不缺少名词性成分，所以不用that或which，此处用when在从句中作状语。37_ is often the case，we have worked out the production plan.AWhich BWhen CWhat DA
25、s答案Das指代后面整个句子，在从句中充当主语，但因为在句首，所以不能用which，并且as还有“正如的意思。38Now there is just one point _ I wish you to make quite clear.Awhere Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen答案B句意：现在只有一点我希望你能非常清楚。所选项引导定语从句修饰先行词point，并在从句中作make的宾语，故用which。where在从句中作地点状语；what不能引导定语从句；when在从句中作时间状语。39Dont quarrel with your friend，_ will damage your
26、friendship.Awho Bwhich Cthat Dwhat答案B句意：不要和你的朋友吵架，这会破坏你们的友谊。所选项引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整句话，并在从句中作主语，故用which。who常指人；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句。40_ is often the case with the old，my grandmother is fond of talking about good old days.AWhen BAs CThat DWhich答案B句意：正如老年人常有的情形，我祖母喜欢谈论那些美好的旧时光。as“正如，引导非限制性定语从句，先行
27、词是后面的整个句子。when在从句中作时间状语；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句时，只能置于主句之后。41After hours drive，they reached _ they thought was the place theyd been dreaming of.Athat Bwhere Cwhat Dwhich答案C考查宾语从句。句意：几小时的车程后，他们到达了他们一直梦想的地方。they thought为插入语，宾语从句中缺少主语，故排除A、B两项；which放到句中，语义不通。42Would you please explain to me abo
28、ut the difference between the two words?Im sorry，but thats _ Im puzzled about.Awhy Bwhat Cwhich Dwhere答案B考查表语从句。句意：你能解释一下这两个词的不同吗？对不起，这也正是困扰我的问题。表语从句中缺少宾语，故排除A、D两项；which意为“哪一个不合语境。43_ I cant understand is _ she wants to change her mind.AWhat；why BWhich；howCThat；why DWhat；because答案A第一空格填what，它引导主语从句并
29、在从句中充当understand的宾语；第二空格填why，引导一个表语从句，表示“她为什么要改变主意。44America is _ was first called “India by Columbus.Awhat BwhereCthe place Dthere where答案Awhat引导一个表语从句，并作从句的主语。B、D两项不能在从句中作主语，故不可选。C项后无关系代词that，填入后定语从句亦不能成立。45I got an email from Susan，_ said she was going abroad for sightseeing.Fantastic！Thats what
30、she has been dreaming of.Awhich Bshe Cwho Dit答案A句意：我收到了苏珊的一封电子邮件，邮件上说她将出国观光。考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。此处which代替an email，which作主语。46Safety in school has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents _ students got injured or killed while in school.Athat BwhenCin which Dfor which答案C句意：校园平安引起巨
31、大关注，因为频繁报导了学生在学校受到伤害的事故。考查定语从句的关系词。此处accident为先行词，关系词在定语从句中作状语，相当于in the accident。47He made another wonderful discovery，_ of great importance to science.Awhich I think is Bwhich I think it isCwhich I think DI think which is答案A句意：他又做出另一项极好的发现，这对科学很重要。考查非限制性定语从句及插入语。此处I think为插入语，which是定语从句的关系代词。48I a
32、ttended his lecture，most of _ he said had nothing to do with my subject，though.Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dall答案B因为of是介词，所以排除that；而整个句子有先行词，所以排除what，which指代先行词lecture，在从句中作said的宾语。49Amy is trying hard to make enough money to pay for her flat by selling shoes，_ seemed so exciting to her friends.Awhich Bwhat Cthat Das答案A逗号后是由一个which引导的非限制性定语从句，是对整个主句内容的说明，which在从句中作主语，指代上文整个句子。50Can I sit in the front row?Yes.You can take _ seat you like.Awhatever BwhatCwhichever Dwhich答案C用whichever表示“前排中的任何一个座位。