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1、 2006 年北大考博英语真题及答案 Part Two:Structure and Written Expression 20%Directions:In each question decide which of four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked.Mark your choices on the ANSWER SHEET.21.The nuclear family _ a self-contained,self-satisfying unit
2、composed of father,mother and children.A.refers to B.defines C.describes D.devotes to 22.Some polls show that roughly two-thirds of the general public believe that elderly Americans are _ by social isolation and loneliness.A.reproached B.favored C.plagued D.reprehended 23.In addition to bettering gr
3、oup and individual performance,cooperation _ the quality of interpersonal relationship.A.ascends B.compels C.enhances D.prefers 24.In the past 50 years,there _ a great increase in the amount of research _ on the human brain.A.wasdid B.has beento be done C.wasdoing D.has beendone 25.“I must have eate
4、n something wrong.I feel like _.”“We told you not to eat at a restaurant.Youd better _ at home when you are not in the shape.”A.to throw upto eat B.throwing upeating C.to throw upeat D.throwing upeat 26.Parents have to show due concerns to their childrens creativity and emotional output;otherwise wh
5、at they think beneficial to the kids might probably _ their enthusiasm and aspirations.A.hold back B.hold to C.hold down D.hold over 27.According to psychoanalysis,a persons attention is attracted _ by the intensity of different signals _ by their context,significance,and information content.A.not l
6、ess thanas B.asjust as C.so muchas D.not so muchas 28.They moved to Portland in 1998 and lived in a big house,_ to the south.A.the windows of which opened B.the windows of it opened C7UO:na C.its windows opened D.the windows of which opening 29.The lady who has _ for a night in the dead of the winte
7、r later turned out to be a distant relation of his.A.put him up B.put him out C.put him on D.put him in cd 30.Bystanders,_,_ as they walked past lines of ambulances.A.bloody and covered with dust,looking dazed B.bloodied and covered with dust,looked dazed C.bloody and covered with dust,looked dazed
8、D.bloodied and covered with dust,looking dazed 31.Hong Kong was not a target for terror attacks,the Government insisted yesterday,as the US _ closed for an apparent security review.A.Consulation B.Constitution C.Consulate D.Consular 32.American fans have selected Yao in a vote for the All-Star game
9、_ the legendary O Neal,who _ the“Great Wall”at the weekend as the Rockets beat the Los Angeles Lakers.-A.in head of,ran on B.in head of,ran into C.ahead of,ran onto D.ahead of,ran into 33.Professional archivists and librarians have the resources to duplicate materials in other formats and the expert
10、ise to retrieve materials trapped in _ computers.A.abstract B.obsolete C.obstinate D.obese 34.She always prints important documents and stores a backup set at her house.“I actually think theres something about the _ of paper that feels more comforting.”She said.A.tangibility B.tangledness C.tangent
11、D.tantalization 35.“They said what we always knew,”said an administration source,_.A.he asked not to be named B.who asked not to be named C.who asked not be named D.who asked not named 36.In Germany,the industrial giants DaimlerChrysler and Siemens recently _ their unions into signing contracts that
12、 lengthen work hours without increasing pay.A.muscled B.moved C.mushed D.muted 37.He argues that the policy has done little to ease joblessness,and has left the country _.A.energized B.Enervated C.Nerved D.enacted 38.The more people hear his demented rants,the more they see that he is a terrorist _.
13、A.who is pure and simple B.being pure and simple C.pure and simple D.as pure and simple 39.This expansion of rights has led to both a paralysis of the public service and to a rapid and terrible _ in the character of the population.A.determination B.deterioration C.desolation D.desperation U CVV 40._
14、 a declining birth rate,there will be an over-supply of 27,000 primary school places by 2010,_ leaving 35 schools idle.A.Coupled with,equals to B.Coupling with,equivalent to C.Coupled with,equivalent to D.Coupling with,equals to Part Three:Reading Comprehension 10%Passage One The Hero My mothers par
15、ents came from Hungary,but my grandfather could trace his origin to Germany and also he was educated in Germany.Although he was able to hold a conversation in nine languages,he was most comfortable in German.Every morning,before going to his office,he read the German language newspaper,which was Ame
16、rican owned and published in New York.My grandfather was the only one in his family to come to the United States with his wife and children.He still had relatives living in Europe.When the first world war broke out,he lamented the fact that if my uncle,his only son had to go,it would be cousin fight
17、ing against cousin.In the early days of the war,my grandmother begged him to stop taking the German newspaper and to take an English language newspaper,instead.He scoffed at the idea,explaining that the fact it was in German did not make it a German newspaper,but only an American newspaper,printed i
18、n German.But my grandmother insisted,for fear that the neighbors may see him read it and think he was German.So,he finally gave up the German newspaper.One day,the inevitable happened and my uncle Milton received notice to join the army.My grandparents were very upset,but my mother,his little sister
19、,was excited.Now she could boast about her soldier brother going off to war.She was ten years old at the time,and my uncle,realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and her friends,went out and bought them all service pins,which meant that they had a loved one in the service.All the little
20、girls were delighted.When the day came for him to leave,his whole regiment,in their uniforms,left together from the same train station.There was a band playing and my mother and her friends came to see him off.Each one wore her service pin and waved a small American flag,cheering the boys,as they le
21、ft.The moment came and the soldiers,all very young,none of whom had had any training,but who had nevertheless all been issued uniforms,boarded the train.The band played and the crowd cheered.The train groaned as if it knew the destiny to which it was taking its passengers,but it soon began to move.S
22、till cheering and waving their flags,the band still playing,the train slowly departed the station.It had gone about a thousand yards when it suddenly ground to a halt.The band stopped playing,the crowd stopped cheering.Everyone gazed in wonder as the train slowly backed up and returned to the statio
23、n.It seemed an eternity until the doors opened and the men started to file out.Someone shouted,“Its the armistice.The war is over.”For a moment,nobody moved,but then the people heard someone bark orders at the soldiers.The men lined up and formed into two lines.They walked down the steps and,with th
24、e band playing behind,paraded down the street,as returning heroes,to be welcomed home by the assembled crowd.The next day my uncle returned to his job,and my grandfather resumed reading the German newspaper,which he read until the day he died.41.Where was the narrators family when this story took pl
25、ace?A.In Germany.B.In Hungary.C.In the United States D.In New York.42.His grandfather _.A.could not speak and read English well enough B.knew nine languages equally well C.knew a number of languages,but felt more kin to German D.loved German best because it made him think of home 43.His grandmother
26、did not want her husband to buy and read newspapers in German,because_.A.it was war time and Germans were their enemy B.the neighbors would mistake them as pro-German C.it was easier to get newspapers in English in America D.nobody else read newspapers in German during the war time 44.The narrators
27、mother wanted her brother to go to fight in the war,because_.A.like everybody else at the war time,she was very patriotic B.she hated the war and the Germans very much C.all her friends had relatives in war and she wanted to be like them D.she liked to have a brother she could think of as a hero Pas
28、sage Two Waking Up from the American Dream ssds There has been much talk recently about the phenomenon of“Wal-Martization”of America,which refers to the attempt of Americas giant Wal-Mart chain store company to keep its cost at rock-bottom levels.For years,many American companies have embraced Wal-M
29、art-like stratagems to control labor costs,such as hiring temps(temporary workers)and part-timers,fighting unions,dismantling internal career ladders and outsourcing to lower paying contractors at home and abroad.While these tactics have the admirable outcome of holding down consumer prices,theyre c
30、ostly in other ways.More than a quarter of the labor force,about 34 million workers,is trapped in low-wage,often dead-end jobs.Many middle-income and high-skilled employees face fewer opportunities,too,as companies shift work to subcontractors and temps agencies and move white-collar jobs to China a
31、nd India.The result has been an erosion of one of Americas most cherished value:giving its people the ability to move up the economic ladder over their lifetimes.Historically,most Americans,even low-skilled ones,were able to find poorly paid janitorial or factory jobs,then gradually climbed into the
32、 middle class as they gained experience and moved up the wage curve.But the number of workers progressing upward began to slip in 1970s.Upward mobility diminished even more in the 1980s as globalization and technology slammed blue-collar wages.Restoring American mobility is less a question of knowin
33、g what to do than of making it happen.Experts have decried schools inadequacy for years,but fixing them is a long,arduous struggle.Similarly,there have been plenty of warnings about declining college access,but finding funds was difficult even in eras of large surpluses.45.The American dream in this
34、 passage mainly refers to _.A.there are always possibilities offered to people to develop themselves in the society B.Americans can always move up the pay ladder C.American young people can have access to college,even they are poor D.the labor force is not trapped in low-wage and dead-end jobs 46.Wa
35、l-Mart strategy,according to this passage,is to _.A.hire temps and part-timers to reduce its cost B.outsource its contracts to lower price agencies at home and abroad C.hold down its consumer price by controlling its labor costs D.dismantle the career ladder and stop peoples mobility upward 47.Which
36、 of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A.Wal-Martization has been successful in keeping costs at rock-bottom levels.B.Upward mobility for low-skilled workers has become impossible in the U.S.C.More business opportunities are given to low-cost agencies in China and India.D.Although people know how
37、to restore American mobility,its difficult to change the present situation.Passage Three Seniors and the City Tens of thousands of retirees are pulling up stakes in suburban areas and fashioning their own retirement communities in the heart of the bustling city.They are looking for what most older p
38、eople want:a home with no stairs and low crime rates.And they are willing to exchange regular weekly golf time for rich cultural offerings,young neighbors and plenty of good restaurants.Spying an opportunity,major real-estate developers have broken ground on urban sites they intended to market to su
39、burban retirees.These seniors are already changing the face of big cities.One developer,Fran McCarthy asks:“Who ever thought that suburban flight would be round trip?”The trickle of older folks returning to the city has grown into a steady stream.While some cities,especially those with few cultural
40、offerings,have seen an exodus of seniors,urban planners say others have become retirees magnets.Between 1999 and 2000,the population of 64-to-75-year-olds in downtown Chicago rose 17 percent.Austin,New Orleans,and Los Angeles have seen double-digit increases as well.There may be hidden health benefi
41、ts to city living.A study reveals that moving from suburbs to the city can ward off the byproduct of aging-social isolation.In the next six years,downtowns are expected to grow even grayer.For affluent retirees,city life is an increasingly popular option.48.Retired seniors are moving back into the c
42、ity because _.A.they find there are too many crimes in the suburbs B.unlike the flats in the city,their country house have stairs to climb C.they are no longer interested in playing golf D.in the city,they have more social and cultural life against loneliness 49.From the passage we can infer that _.
43、A.the real-estate developers have broken their original contracts of construction with senior retirees B.a life in the downtown city is expensive,and most of those retirees who moved back into the city are very well-off C.with more older people living in the city,the city will become gray and less b
44、eautiful D.very soon the American suburban areas will face their low population crisis 50.Fran McCarthys question means:nobody ever thought that _.A.people who moved out of the city decades ago now would move back B.suburban dwellers when moving back into the city must take round trip C.suburban fli
45、ght years ago would go in circles D.senior peoples moving back into the city would take place all over the United States Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then explain in your own English the exact meaning of the numbered and underlined parts.Put your answers on ANSWER SHEET(2)15%(
46、51)Being angry increases the risk of injury,especially among men,new research says.The researchers gathered data on more than 2,400 accident victims at three Missouri hospitals.They interviewed each subject to determine the patients emotional state just before the injury and 24 hours earlier,gatheri
47、ng data on whether the patients felt irritable,angry or hostile,and to what degree.Then they compared the results with a control group of uninjured people.(52)Despite widespread belief in“road rage,”anger did not correlate with injuries from traffic accidents.(53)Not surprisingly,anger was strongly
48、associated with injuries inflicted deliberately.But other injuries those neither intentionally inflicted nor from falls or traffic accidents also showed strong associations with anger.(54)The correlations were significantly weaker for women than for men,but there were no differences by race.The auth
49、ors acknowledge that their data depend on self-reports,which are not always reliable.(55)Why anger correlates with injury is not known.“I can speculate that the anger may have prompted some behavior that led to the injury,or may have simply distracted the person,leading indirectly to the injury,”sai
50、d the studys lead author.Part Four:Cloze Test 10%Directions:Read the following passage carefully and then fill in each numbered blank with ONE suitable word to complete the passage.Put your answers on ANSWER SHEET(2).Last year French drivers killed(56)_ than 5,000 people on the roads for the first t