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1、“选词填空选词填空”要求学生利用所给的要求学生利用所给的10个词汇个词汇(一一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等冠词、介词和连词等)补全一篇有补全一篇有10个空缺的短个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关,除了要进行大量的课外阅文。要攻克这一难关,除了要进行大量的课外阅读,积累丰富的语言知识外,还需掌握一定的解读,积累丰富的语言知识外,还需掌握一定的解题技巧。题技巧。1.在拿到题目后,不要急于看文章,首先对在拿到题目后,不要急于看文章,首先对备选的词汇研究几遍,对备选的词汇研究几遍,对词性词性作简单的标记,作简单的标记,例如:名词例如:
2、名词-n.,动词,动词-v.,形容词,形容词-adj.,副,副词词-adv.等等。同时对等等。同时对词义词义作初步的理解。作初步的理解。2.通读全文,语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是通读全文,语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子,做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子,充分理解短文的内容,注意发现充分理解短文的内容,注意发现固定搭配固定搭配关系,凭借语感积极主动地关系,凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所猜测空格中所缺的信息缺的信息,根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹,根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。配的答案。3.在选定单词后,不要轻率地填入。在填词在选定单词后,不要轻率地填入。在填词过程
3、中,需要瞻前顾后,既要符合本句的过程中,需要瞻前顾后,既要符合本句的含义含义,又要保证句式,又要保证句式结构结构的正确。的正确。名词名词(单复数,所有格,相应形容词单复数,所有格,相应形容词)1.考虑是否要把它变成复数或考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格所有格”形式。形式。如:如:match-matches,friend-friends /friends。2.考虑名词是否需要变成形容词,考虑名词是否需要变成形容词,如:如:sun-sunny,use-useful/useless/used,danger-dangerous;动词动词(时态,语态,固定搭配时态,语态,固定搭配)时态时态:一般现在时(
4、第三人称单数变化规则):一般现在时(第三人称单数变化规则)现在进行时(现在进行时(am/is/are+doing)一般过去时(一般过去时(-ed)过去进行时(过去进行时(was/were+doing)一般将来时(一般将来时(will+do)过去将来时(过去将来时(would+do)现在完成时(现在完成时(have/has+done)过去完成时(过去完成时(had+done)语态语态:主动,被动(主动,被动(be+done)有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词动词原形原形-do,不定式不定式-to do,现在分词现在分
5、词-doing,过去分词过去分词-done,固定搭配固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth.done);变化规则变化规则形容词和副词形容词和副词(比较级和最高级,形和副的比较级和最高级,形和副的互换,形容词相应的名词互换,形容词相应的名词)填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或填空时要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或最高级,还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容最高级,还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词的需求也需考虑,例如:词变名词的需求也需考虑,例如:interesting-more/the most interesting,happy-hap
6、pily,happy-happiness;形容词变副词的规则:形容词变副词的规则:1.一般情况下直接加一般情况下直接加“ly”,如,如quick-quickly 2.以以“y”结尾的结尾的,先将先将“y”改成改成“i”,再加再加“ly”,如如happy-happily 3.少数以少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加再加-ly。例如:。例如:true-truly等。等。但绝大多数以但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如:。例如:polite-politely,wide-widely等。等。口诀:口诀:一般直接加,一般直接加,“元元e”去去e加,加
7、,“辅辅y”改改i加,加,“le”结尾结尾e改改y。quickquickly,truetruly,happyhappily,possiblepossibly.代词代词(五格五格),需注意辨别主格、宾格、名),需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法 主格主格宾格宾格形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词名词性物主代词 反身代词反身代词 I me my mine myself Weus our ours ourselves you you your yours yourself youyou your yours yourse
8、lves hehim his his himself sheher her hers herself it it its its itself theythem their theirs themselves oneselfones动词、介词动词、介词+形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+名词名词=数词数词(基数词和序数词基数词和序数词变化变化,分数和虚实数分数和虚实数)例)例如:如:一般在后加一般在后加-th;基变序有规律,基变序有规律,1,2,3,特特殊记(殊记(one-first,two-second,three-third,);八加八加-h九减九减-e(eight-eighth,nine
9、-ninth);ty 变成变成tie(twenty-twentieth)2/3-two thirds,one thousand/thousands of;冠词冠词(a,an,the)如如a girl/an old man;介词和连词介词和连词(上下文逻辑上下文逻辑,固定短语搭配固定短语搭配),填入,填入即可。即可。look after,when,not.until顺口溜:空前空后要注意,顺口溜:空前空后要注意,“名词名词”单复数单复数要牢记,还有要牢记,还有s不能弃,不能弃,“动词动词”注意要变注意要变形,形,“形副形副”注意要用三种级,要填注意要用三种级,要填“数词数词”请留意,千万别忘请留
10、意,千万别忘“基基”和和“序序”,填入,填入“代词代词”需慎重,五格变化要谨记。需慎重,五格变化要谨记。4.完成填词后,应通读全文,复核校对。检完成填词后,应通读全文,复核校对。检查单词查单词拼写拼写是否正确,是否有是否正确,是否有时态时态、语态语态、惯用法惯用法及词语选用上的错误,以确保答案及词语选用上的错误,以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时,切勿的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时,切勿错位。错位。much,arm,wait,see,when,spend,she,worry,have,grow adjn.vvvvvvconjpronOnly Mother Love is true lov
11、e.It gives everybody everything all his life._you are still a baby,mother takes good care of you as much as possible.In your waking hours she always holdsyou in her_.give sb sth=give sth to sb给某人某物给某人某物句子句子好好照顾好好照顾尽可能的尽可能的形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词whenarms形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+名词名词形容词性物主代词不能单独使用形容词性物主代词不能单独使用名词单复数
12、名词单复数arm-arms连词连词When you are ill,she stops her work right now to look after you day and night and forgets about .When you are up day by day,she feels very happy.When you are old enough to go to school,mother still looks after you all the time.马上,立刻马上,立刻照顾照顾日夜日夜介词介词介词介词+v-ing/n/pron代词的选择代词的选择一天天一天天固
13、定短语:固定短语:grow up长大长大动词的时态,语态动词的时态,语态be+ving足够大足够大enough:放于形容词以后,名词之前。放于形容词以后,名词之前。句意句意 herself growingOn cold winter days,she always tells you to put on clothes.She always stands in the wind for you back from school.When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast,she always feels about
14、 you at home.具体到某一天用具体到某一天用onask/tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事叫某人做某事ask/tell sb not to do sth叫某人不要做某事叫某人不要做某事穿上穿上名词名词考察形容词的比较级与最高级考察形容词的比较级与最高级much-more-most固定短语:固定短语:wait for sb等某人等某人句子句子固定短语:固定短语:be worried(形)形)about=worrry(动)(动)about be 和连系动词可互换和连系动词可互换morewaiting连系动词连系动词+adjworriedShe usually knows a
15、bout your study and much money on your school things.When you do well at school,the brightest smile will be on her face.了解了解固定短语:固定短语:spend some time/money on sth/in doing sth被动语态:被动语态:be+动词过去分词动词过去分词 see-saw seenspendsbe+adjbe+doing:进行时进行时be+done:被动被动seenMother is always ready to give everything(sh
16、e )to her children,not to receive.What true love that is in the world!We will remember Mother Love for ever.准备做某事准备做某事定语从句定语从句has名词,先行词名词,先行词One day a girl was going to the park at 11:00 in the morning.She put her bike near the sea.She saw two boys swimming in the sea.At 11:15,while she was sitting,a thief took her bike away.A moment later,she found her bike was lost.Then she called the police.Finally the policeman helped her find her bike.