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1、关于直接引语变间接关于直接引语变间接引语的讲解引语的讲解第1页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一一.原封不动地引用原话原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内把它放在括号内,这叫直接引语这叫直接引语;二二.用自己的话加以转述用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引语这叫间接引语.第2页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二）人称的变化）人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二二随随宾宾三三不不变变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的
2、人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称在变间引后去人称不变称不变She said,“I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennisHe said to Lily,“you must get up early”He told Lily that she must get up earlyShe said to me,“They want tohelp him”She told me that That they wanted help him一随主，二随宾，三不变一随主，二随宾，三不变第3页，讲稿共51张，创作于
3、星期二直接引语时态直接引语时态直接引语时态直接引语时态间接引语时态间接引语时态间接引语时态间接引语时态一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变不变一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时第4页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二nowthentodayThat daytonightThat nightagoBefore/earlieryesterdayThe day beforelast nightThe night beforetomorrowThe nex
4、t/following daynext The next/following 直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：直接引语中的时间状语转换规则：第5页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二记住：记住：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化动词的变化直接引语间接引语指示代词this,thesethat,those时间状语nowtodayyesterdaytomorrowthisweeknextweek.thenthatdaythedaybeforethenextdaythatweek.thenextweek地点状语herethere动词comego第6页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期
5、二thisthatthesethosenowthenthatdaytodayyesterdaythedaybeforetomorrowthenextdaynextweek（month，year）thenextweek(month,year)heretherecomegothisweekthatweek第7页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二一、如何变人称：口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。“一随主一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如
6、：要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：SheShesaid.said.MyMybrotherbrotherwantswantstotogo go shoppingshoppingwithwithme.me.”SheShesaidsaidherherbrother wantedbrother wantedtotogo go shoppingshoppingwithwithher.her.第8页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二The boy said,The boy said,”I Imm readingreading a book.a book.”Directspeech直接引语直接引语Theboysai
7、d(that)hewasreadingabook.Reportedspeech间接引语间接引语.第9页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二“二随宾二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：人称，如：HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?”HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen
8、。第10页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二“第三人称不更新第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smithsaid,“Jackisagoodboy.”Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.第11页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二Practice:1)He said,“My brother failed in the exam.”He said _brother had failed in t
9、he exam.2)He said to Mary,“How is your mother now?”he asked Mary how _mother was then.3)My teacher said,she is a good student.My teacher said _was a good student4)He said to me,“Ive left her book in your room”He told me that _had left _ book in _ room.hishershehehermy第12页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二Hesays,“IsToma
10、studentorateacher？”HeaskswhetherTomisastudentorateacher.Heaskedme,Doyoulikeplayingfootball?“Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingfootball.Mysisteraskedme:“Whatisyourfriend?”Mysisteraskedmewhatmyfriendwas.Jackaskedme,Howdoyoulikethefilm?JackaskedmehowIlikedthefilm.Thesoliderordered,“Bequiet.”Thesoliderord
11、eredustobequiet.Hesaidtoher,“Openthedoor,please.”Heaskedhertoopenthedoor.Shesays,“IwillgotoBeijingnextmonth.”Shesays(that)shewillgotoBeijingthenextmonth.Heoftensays“Ishalltellyouaboutthem.”Heoftentellsmethathewilltellmeaboutthem.第13页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二记住记住：动词时态的变化动词时态的变化直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过
12、去将来时cancouldmaymight第14页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二1陈述句陈述句直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词用连词that引导（引导（that在口语中常省略）在口语中常省略）一般现在时一般现在时Hesaid,“IcandowellinEnglish.”现在进行时现在进行时Hesaid,“Imwritingaletter.”一般将来时一般将来时Tomsaidtome“Iwillcallyoutomorrow”一般过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去进行时过去将来时过去将来时HesaidthathecoulddowellinEnglish.
13、Hesaidthathewaswritingaletter.Tomtoldmethathewouldcallmethenextday.第15页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二注注：如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变间接如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。引语时，从句的时态不变。He says,He says,“I Im not good at mathm not good at math.”Hesaysthatheisnotgoodatmath.第16页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二注意注意：(1)如果在当天转述如果在当天转述today,yesterday,tomorrow等时
14、间等时间状语也不必改变状语也不必改变。(2)如果在当地转述，如果在当地转述，here不必改为不必改为there，动词，动词come不必改为不必改为go.(3)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：态不变。如：1.Hesaid,“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.Hesaidthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.(4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。也经常用一般现在时。Myteachersaid,“Tomisagoo
15、dstudent.”MyteachersaidTomisagoodstudent.第17页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二I I cancan speak three languages.speak three languages.He He saidsaid he he couldcould speak speak three languages.three languages.Whatdidhesay?第18页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二IammadatMarcia.HesaidhewasmadatMarcia.Whatdidhesay?第19页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二Wearehavin
16、gapartyforLana.Whatdidtheysay?TheysaidtheywerehavingapartyforLana.第20页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二shewashard-working,I am hard-working.Whatdidshesay?Shesaidshewasnotlazy.Whatdidshesay?ShesaidI am not lazy.第21页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二he was good at playing basketball.What did he say?He saidIm good at playing basketball.第22页
17、，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二I am good at English.ShesaidshewasgoodatEnglish.Whatdidshesay?Whatdidshesay?I do well in English.ShesaidshedidwellinEnglish.do well inI do well in English.第23页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二IgotobeacheverySunday.Whatdidhesay?Hesaidhe_.wenttobeacheverySunday第24页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二Whatdidshesay?Shesaidshe_.wo
18、uldcallmetomorrowIwillcallyoutomorrow.第25页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二“Whatareyoudoing?”SheaskedmeI was doing.what第26页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二“Why do you like English?”HeaskedmeI liked Englishwhy第27页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二“Wheredoeshelive?”Sheaskedmehe lived.where第28页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二“Howdoesshegotoschool?”SheaskedmeShe went to school
19、.how第29页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二“Doyouknowmyname?”SheaskedmeI knew her name.Whether/if是否是否第30页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二Whendoyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhimwhenyouhavemathyou have math.hehadTheyaskedhimwhenhe had math.Summary(总结总结)1.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语第31页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二Doyouhavemath?(Theyaskedhim)Theyask
20、edhimWhether/ifyouhavemathyou have math.hehadTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhe had math.2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语第32页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语:1.Lana said,Im going to have a surprise 1.Lana said,Im going to have a surprise party for Maria.party for Maria.Lana said that Lana said t
21、hat she was going to have a she was going to have a surprise party for Maria.surprise party for Maria.第33页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二Canyouplaythepiano?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhether/ifYoucanplaythepianoyou can play the piano.hecouldTheyaskedhimwhether/ifhe could play the piano.第34页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二1.Shesaidtome
22、“Whyareyouinterestedinscience?”Sheaskedme_interestedinscience.2.Heaskedhim“whenwillyoubuytheredcoat?”Heaskedhim_buytheredcoat.3.Shirleyaskedme“Wherewereyouborn?”Shirleyaskedme_born.4.“Whatswrongwithyou?”Lilyaskedme.Lilyaskedme_with_.5.Thegirlaskedme“Whathappened?”Thegirlaskedme_.Exercises:whyIwaswhe
23、nhewouldwhereIwaswhatwaswrongmewhathappened第35页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二1.“Whereisshefrom?”Heaskedwhereshewasfrom.2.“Howoldarethey?”Heaskedhowoldtheywere.3.“Whatstheweatherliketoday?”Heaskedwhattheweatherwaslikethatday.4.“Howdoyougotoschool?.”Heaskedhowyouwenttoschool.5.“Whoissinging?”Heaskedwhowassinging.6.“W
24、hendoyougetup?”HewantedtoknowwhenIgotup.第36页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二直接引语转间接引语其他部分变化hereover heretonightnowtodayyesterdaytomorrowlast week/month/yearnext week/month/yearagothe day after tomorrowthisthesecomebringthereover therethat nightthenthat daythe day beforethe next daythe week/moth/yearbeforethe next wee
25、k/month/yearbeforetwo days laterthatthosegotake第37页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二1、直接引语中的、直接引语中的时间状语时间状语转换规则：转换规则：2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：、直接引语中的指示代词转换规则：3、直接引语中动词、直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用在间接引语中用go:4、直接引语中副词、直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用在间接引语中用there：5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语、如果是在当天或在原地转达，则上述时间状语或地点状语一律或地点状语一律不变：不变：thisthatthesethose第38页，讲稿共5
26、1张，创作于星期二2.The teacher said,My students are hard-working.2.The teacher said,My students are hard-working.The teacher said The teacher said that his/her students were that his/her students were hardworking.hardworking.3.Tom told Jane,I will lend my bicycle to you.3.Tom told Jane,I will lend my bicycl
27、e to you.Tom told Jane that Tom told Jane that he would lend his bicycle to he would lend his bicycle to her/Jane.her/Jane.第39页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二5.Shesaidtohim,“Itstimetogohome.”4.Mr.Wangsaid,“IwillleaveforShanghainextmonth.”Mr.WangsaidthathewouldleaveforShanghaithenextmonth.Shetoldhimthatitwastimetogoh
28、ome.第40页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二2.直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。1）一般疑问句。用）一般疑问句。用whether或或if(是否）是否）引导。主句引导。主句中的动词是中的动词是said时改为时改为asked，没有间接宾语的，可，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语以加一个间接宾语me/him/her。Eg.Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?”疑问语序疑问语序Heaskedmewhether/ifIwasastudent.陈述语序第41页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二2)
29、2)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词引导仍用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。Eg.Eg.“WhereWhereareareyouyougoing?going?”FatherFatheraskedaskedhishisson.son.Eg.The policeman asked the small boy,Eg.The policeman asked the small boy,“Where do you live?Where do you live?”Thepolicemanaskedthes
30、mallboywherehelived.Fatheraskedhissonwherehewasgoing疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序疑问语序疑问语序陈述语序陈述语序第42页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二3.3.当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时,间接祈间接祈使句的引述动词使句的引述动词常用常用tell,ask,order,tell,ask,order,等等,而而把直接引语的祈使句变成把直接引语的祈使句变成带带 (not)to(not)to的不定式短语的不定式短语。句型：句型：tell/ask/order sb(not)to do sthtell/ask/or
31、der sb(not)to do sth如如:第43页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二1Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说老师对学生们说:“不要讲话了。不要讲话了。”Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了。老师让学生们不要说话了。2.Theteachersaidtous,”Dontplayinclass.Theteachertold/askedusnottoplayinclass.第44页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二change the direct speech into
32、 reported speech1 The girl said,1 The girl said,“I will have a party.I will have a party.”The girl said(The girl said(thatthat)she wouldshe would have a party.have a party.2 He asked me,2 He asked me,“Is your father a doctor?Is your father a doctor?”He asked me He asked me if/whether myif/whether my
33、 father father waswas a a doctor.doctor.3 The police asked the man,3 The police asked the man,“Where are you Where are you going?going?”The police asked the man The police asked the man where he waswhere he was going.going.第45页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二4 Mother said to Tom,4 Mother said to Tom,“get up earlier!g
34、et up earlier!”Mother Mother told/askedtold/asked Tom Tom toto get up earlier.get up earlier.5 The teacher said to us,5 The teacher said to us,“Dont talk in class!Dont talk in class!”The teacher The teacher toldtold /asked/asked us us not tonot to talk in class.talk in class.6 The teacher said,6 The
35、 teacher said,“The moon goes around The moon goes around the earth.the earth.”The teacher said(The teacher said(thatthat)the moon)the moon goesgoes around around the earth.the earth.第46页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二1.“IamgoodatEnglish,”Lucysaid.2.“LiLeiisreadingabook,”PetersaidtoLucy.3.“Wewillhaveafootballmatch,”h
36、etoldhismother.LucysaidshewasgoodatEnglish.PetertoldLucythatLiLeiwasreadingabook.Hetoldhismothertheywouldhaveafootballmatch.二二.把下列句子变为间接引语。把下列句子变为间接引语。第47页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二4.“TheygotoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday,”theboysaid.TheboysaidtheywenttoschooleverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday.5.Sheaskedme
37、,Whydoyouwanttodothis?SheaskedmewhyIwantedtodothat.第48页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二SummarySummary1 1当直接引语是陈述句：由当直接引语是陈述句：由(that)(that)引导引导主语（主语（said)that+said)that+句子（时态往过去推句子（时态往过去推 told told 2 2 当直接引语是一般疑问句当直接引语是一般疑问句:用用 if if引导引导 whetherwhether主语（主语（asked)if +asked)if +一般疑问句一般疑问句(主谓结构）主谓结构）whetherwhether窍门（窍门（
38、do/does/diddo/does/did去掉）去掉）（be/can/may/must/will/shouldbe/can/may/must/will/should放主语后）放主语后）第49页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二3.当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的特当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的特殊疑问词引导（殊疑问词引导（what/wherewhat/where等）等）主语主语 asked+what asked+what 特殊疑问句（主谓）特殊疑问句（主谓）wherewhere4 4当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：主语主语+told sb(not)to do sthtold sb(not)to do sth asked asked ordered ordered第50页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二感谢大家观看第51页，讲稿共51张，创作于星期二