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1、关于高一英语五种基本句型及巩固练习第一页，讲稿共三十五页哦五种基本句型与五种基本句型与There be.（）（）主谓主谓 They are working hard.（）（）主谓宾主谓宾 I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.（）（）主谓宾宾主谓宾宾 He gave me a new bicycle.（）（）主系表主系表 He is a university student.（）（）主谓宾宾补主谓宾宾补 Karl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work.（6 6）There beThere
2、be+主语主语 There is a hole in the wall.2第二页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基本句型-1主谓结构主谓结构3第三页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基本句型-1主谓结构主谓结构 本结构是由本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成主语加不及物的谓语动词构成,常用常用来表示主语的动作。来表示主语的动作。如：如：The sun rises.Tom has already left.主语主语可有修饰语可有修饰语-定语定语，谓语谓语可有修饰语可有修饰语-状语状语。如如:1.The red sun rises in the east.2.So they had to tra
3、vel by air or boat.3.We got up early so as to catch the first bus.4.She sat there alone,reading a novel.5.He came back when we were eating.6.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake,but strong ones may stay up.4第四页，讲稿共三十五页哦(主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词)扩展和修饰扩展和修饰The boy spoke to his teacher.The little boy
4、spoke loudly to his teacher.The boy named Tom spoke to his math teacher in a low voice.The little boy called Tom spoke to his Chinese teacher.5第五页，讲稿共三十五页哦yesterday eveningyesterday evening.two hourstwo hours.in the past ten years.in the past ten years.in 1919.in 1919.1她昨天回家很晚。她昨天回家很晚。2会议将持续两个小时。会议将
5、持续两个小时。3在过去的十年里，（在）我的家乡已经发生了巨大的在过去的十年里，（在）我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。变化。41919年，（在）北京爆发了年，（在）北京爆发了“五五.四四”运动。运动。She went homeShe went homevery latevery lateThe meeting will lastThe meeting will last Great changes have taken placeGreat changes have taken placein my home townin my home townThe May The May FourthFou
6、rth Movement broke out Movement broke outin Beijingin Beijing巩固练习：巩固练习：6第六页，讲稿共三十五页哦in the morning.in the morning.to borrow booksto borrow books.to the south.to the south.five years ago.five years ago.five kilos.five kilos.every day.every day.5每天八时开始上课。每天八时开始上课。6这个盒子重五公斤。这个盒子重五公斤。7五年前我住在北京。五年前我住在北京。
7、8秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。9我的爷爷早晨起得很早。我的爷爷早晨起得很早。10.每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。Classes beginClasses beginat eightat eightThis box weighsThis box weighsI livedI livedin Beijingin Beijingsome birds flysome birds flyIn autumn,In autumn,My grandfather gets upMy grandfather gets upearlyearlya lot of
8、students comea lot of students comeEvery afternoonEvery afternoon to the libraryto the library7第七页，讲稿共三十五页哦11.会议有可能开两个半小时会议有可能开两个半小时.12.我所就读的学校坐落在那个美丽的湖边我所就读的学校坐落在那个美丽的湖边.13.她盼望已久的机会终于到来了她盼望已久的机会终于到来了.14.正在睡觉的婴儿笑了正在睡觉的婴儿笑了.The meeting will lastThe meeting will lasttwo and a half hours.two and a half
9、 hours.The schoolThe schoollieslieswhere I studywhere I studyby the beautiful lake.by the beautiful lake.The chanceThe chancecamecamewhich she wanted to get for a long timewhich she wanted to get for a long timeat last.at last.The babyThe baby smiles.smiles.sleepingsleeping8第八页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基本句型-
10、2主谓宾结构主谓宾结构9第九页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基本句型-2主谓宾结构主谓宾结构 本结构是由本结构是由主语主语+及物的谓语动词及物的谓语动词+宾语构成宾语构成。宾宾语成分的多样化语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。使得这一结构异常复杂。如如：1.Tom made a hole in the wall.2.I dont know if he can come tomorrow.3.They havent decided where to go next.4.She stopped teaching English two years ago.5.It took them ten
11、years to build the dam.6.Mother promises to give me a present.10第十页，讲稿共三十五页哦(主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语)扩展和修饰扩展和修饰I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.UnfortunatelyUnfortunately,I forgot to mail the letter,I forgot to mail the letter yesterday.yesterday.UnfortunatelyUn
12、fortunately,I forgot to mail the letter,I forgot to mail the letter yesterday,yesterday,which disappointed my mum so which disappointed my mum so much.much.11第十一页，讲稿共三十五页哦1昨晚我写了一封信。昨晚我写了一封信。2今天下午我想同你谈谈。今天下午我想同你谈谈。3这本书他读过多次了这本书他读过多次了4他们成功地完成了计划。他们成功地完成了计划。5那位先生能流利地说三种语言。那位先生能流利地说三种语言。I I wrote wrote
13、a lettera letterlast night.last night.I I wantwant to talk with you to talk with youthis afternoon.this afternoon.He He has read has read this bookthis bookmany times.many times.They They have carried outhave carried out the plan the plansuccessfully.successfully.That gentlemanThat gentleman can spe
14、ak can speak three languagesthree languagesfluently.fluently.巩固练习：巩固练习：12第十二页，讲稿共三十五页哦6我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。7Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。还不会自己穿衣服。8我们大家都相信我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。是一个诚实男孩。9.他不知道说什麽好。他不知道说什麽好。10.我开窗户你在意吗？我开窗户你在意吗？I I receivedreceived a lettera letterfrom my penfriendfrom my penfriendin Austral
15、ia.in Australia.JimJim cannot dress cannot dress himself.himself.All of us All of us believebelieve that Jack is an honest boy.that Jack is an honest boy.HeHe did not know did not know what to say.what to say.Do Do youyou mind mind my opening the window?my opening the window?13第十三页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基
16、本句型3 双宾语结构双宾语结构14第十四页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基本句型3 双宾语结构双宾语结构 说明：此结构由说明：此结构由“主语主语+及物谓语动词及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）间接宾语（人）+直直接宾语（事物）接宾语（事物）”组成。如：组成。如：He brings me cookies every day.但若要但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语后说间接宾语（人），则要（人），则要借助于介词借助于介词to或或for。如：。如：He brings cookies to me every day.She made a beautiful dress f
17、or me.用用to侧重指动作的方向，表示侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着朝着，向着，对着某人。某人。用用for 侧重指动作的受益者，侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助需借助to的的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等；等；（需借助（需借助for 的）的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。等。
18、15第十五页，讲稿共三十五页哦(主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语)扩展和修饰扩展和修饰Grandma told me a story.Grandma told me a story.As expectedAs expected,Grandma told me a story.,Grandma told me a story.Grandma told me a story Grandma told me a story for the purpose of for the purpose of cheering me up.cheering me up.Grandm
19、a told me Grandma told me oneone story story afterafter anotheranother in in the hope of cheering me upthe hope of cheering me up.16第十六页，讲稿共三十五页哦1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。先生去年教我们德语。2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。3请把那本字典递给我好吗？请把那本字典递给我好吗？4他把车票给列车员看。他把车票给列车员看。Mr JohnsonMr Johnson taught taught us Germanu
20、s Germanlast year.last year.GrandmaGrandma toldtold me an interesting storyme an interesting storylast nightlast night.Would Would youyou please please passpass me the dictionaryme the dictionary?HeHe showed showed the ticketthe ticket to to the conductorthe conductor.17第十七页，讲稿共三十五页哦5我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？我替你
21、叫辆出租汽车好吗？6新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。7他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣件毛衣ShallShall I I call call you a taxi?you a taxi?The new machineThe new machine will save will save you a lot of labour.you a lot of labour.HeHe boughtbought a new coat a new coat forfor his mother his motherwith his firs
22、t months salary.with his first months salary.18第十八页，讲稿共三十五页哦 英语基本句型英语基本句型-4 主系表结构主系表结构19第十九页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基本句型-4主系表结构主系表结构 本结构是由本结构是由主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语组成，主要用以说明组成，主要用以说明主语的主语的特征，类属，状态，身份特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有等。系动词有:1.表示特征和存在状态的表示特征和存在状态的 be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示状态延续的表示状态延续的 remain
23、,stay,keep,continue,stand;3.表示状态变化的表示状态变化的 become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow;20第二十页，讲稿共三十五页哦Our English teacher is thirty years old.Our English teacher is thirty years old.The cake tastes delicious.The cake tastes delicious.We feel used to living in big cities.We feel used to living in big citie
24、s.The potatoes went bad in the fields.The potatoes went bad in the fields.Their boss seems satisfied with the work.Their boss seems satisfied with the work.Deep water stays still.Deep water stays still.21第二十一页，讲稿共三十五页哦(主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语)扩展和修饰扩展和修饰The soup tastes good.The soup tastes good.To our sur
25、priseTo our surprise,the soup tastes good.,the soup tastes good.The soup tastes good,The soup tastes good,which is beyond our which is beyond our expectation.expectation.Frankly speakingFrankly speaking,the soup tastes good.the soup tastes good.To be honestTo be honest,the soup tastes,the soup taste
26、s soso good good as to as to surprise everyone.surprise everyone.22第二十二页，讲稿共三十五页哦巩固练习：巩固练习：1冬季白天短，夜晚长冬季白天短，夜晚长2十五岁他十五岁他就成为就成为有名的钢琴家了。有名的钢琴家了。3孩子们很少孩子们很少保持保持安静。安静。4她的工作她的工作是是在幼儿园里照看儿童。在幼儿园里照看儿童。In winterIn winter,the days,the days areare short and the nights are short and the nights are long.long.At
27、the age of fifteen,At the age of fifteen,hehe becamebecame a famous a famous pianist.pianist.ChildrenChildren seldom seldom keepkeep quiet.quiet.Her jobHer job is is to look after the childrento look after the children in the in the nursery.nursery.23第二十三页，讲稿共三十五页哦5他失业了。他失业了。6树叶树叶已经变已经变黄了黄了7这个报告这个报告
28、听起来听起来很有意思很有意思He He is is out of work.out of work.The leaves have The leaves have turnedturned yellow.yellow.The report The report sounds sounds interesting.interesting.24第二十四页，讲稿共三十五页哦1.As in China,the weather is different from area to area.主系表句型主系表句型的几个特例：的几个特例：2.We are greatly surprised to meet h
29、im there.3.It is not a good idea to spend your vacation with strangers.4.It is kind of you to say so.5.It is not easy for them to go there by bike.6.Is it Tom who is playing the piano?7.It is a fact that they cant pass the exam.25第二十五页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基本句型5 复合宾语结构复合宾语结构26第二十六页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基本句型5
30、复合宾语结构复合宾语结构 说明说明:此结构由此结构由“主语主语+及物的谓语动词及物的谓语动词+宾语宾语+宾语补宾语补足语足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的可以用做宾补的有：有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。等。如：如：The sun keeps us warm.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.They mad
31、e Tom monitor.He used to do his homework with his radio on.用用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语主语+谓谓语语+it+宾补宾补+真正宾语真正宾语。如：。如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family.27第二十七页，讲稿共三十五页哦巩固练习：巩固练习：1我们叫她我们叫她Alice.2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。我们大家
32、都认为他是诚实的。3他们把小偷释放了。他们把小偷释放了。4我要你把真相告诉我。我要你把真相告诉我。5.卫兵命令我们立即离开。卫兵命令我们立即离开。6.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。7他每个月理一次发他每个月理一次发8我们不会让她在晚上外出的。我们不会让她在晚上外出的。We call her Alice.We call her Alice.All of us considered him honest.All of us considered him honest.They have set the thief free.They have set the
33、thief free.I want you to tell me the truth.I want you to tell me the truth.The guards ordered us to leave at once.The guards ordered us to leave at once.Every morning we hear him read English aloud.Every morning we hear him read English aloud.He has his hair cut once a month.He has his hair cut once
34、 a month.We wont let her go out at night.We wont let her go out at night.28第二十八页，讲稿共三十五页哦9那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了 10她正在听人家讲故事。她正在听人家讲故事。11我从来没看见这个字这样用过。我从来没看见这个字这样用过。12他感到很难跟你交谈。他感到很难跟你交谈。13我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。14学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。The terrible sound made the childre
35、n frightened.The terrible sound made the children frightened.She is listening to someone telling stories.She is listening to someone telling stories.I have never seen the word used that way before.I have never seen the word used that way before.He felt it very difficult to talk with you.He felt it v
36、ery difficult to talk with you.I consider it possible to work out the problemI consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.in another way.The school made it a rule that the students The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.should stand up when cla
37、ss begins.29第二十九页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基本句型6 There be 句型句型30第三十页，讲稿共三十五页哦英语基本句型英语基本句型6 There be 句型句型 说明：说明：此句型是由此句型是由“there+be+主语主语+其他其他”构构成，用以表达存在关系可以称成，用以表达存在关系可以称“有有”。它其实它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语意。仅为引导词，并无实际语意。此句型有时不用此句型有时不用be动词，而用动词，而用 live,stand,come,go,lie,rem
38、ain,exist,arrive等。如：等。如：There stands a hill in the middle of the park.Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.31第三十一页，讲稿共三十五页哦 be 与与其后的主语其后的主语在人称和数量上在人称和数量上一致一致，有，有时态和时态和情态变化情态变化。如：。如：现在有现在有 There is/are 过去有过去有 There was/were 将来有将来有 There will be；There is/are going to be.现在已经有现在已经有 Ther
39、e has/have been 可能有可能有 There might be.肯定有肯定有 There must be There must have been.过去曾经有过去曾经有 There used to be 似乎有似乎有 There seems/seem/seemed to be 碰巧有碰巧有 There happen/happens/happened to be 32第三十二页，讲稿共三十五页哦There beThere be+主语主语 (例句)There was a big fire in the early April of There was a big fire in the
40、 early April of 1978.1978.There There seemed to beseemed to be a big fire in the early a big fire in the early April of 1978.April of 1978.There There was said to bewas said to be a big fire in the early a big fire in the early April of 1978.April of 1978.There There happened to behappened to be a b
41、ig fire in the a big fire in the early April of 1978.early April of 1978.There There couldnt have beencouldnt have been a big fire in the a big fire in the early April of 1978.early April of 1978.33第三十三页，讲稿共三十五页哦巩固练习：巩固练习：1这个村子过去只有一口井。这个村子过去只有一口井。2客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。3天气预报说下午有大风。天气预报说下
42、午有大风。4灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。5战前这儿一直有家电影院的战前这儿一直有家电影院的.Among the guests there were two Americans and two Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen.Frenchmen.The weatherman says therell be a strong wind The weatherman says therell be a strong wind in the afternoon.in the afternoo
43、n.The light is on.There must be someone in the office.The light is on.There must be someone in the office.There used to be a cinema here before the war.There used to be a cinema here before the war.There was only a well in the village.There was only a well in the village.34第三十四页，讲稿共三十五页哦感谢大家观看第三十五页，讲稿共三十五页哦