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1、 笨老师分享课堂(中考阅读理解）08 学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_ 阅读单选（污染题材）（一）Pollution Hundreds of years ago，life was much harder than it is today.People didnt have modern machines.There was no modern medicine，either.Life today has brought new problems.One of the biggest is pollution.Water pollution has made our rivers and lak
2、es dirty.It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water.Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily.Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.Its bad to all living things in the world.Cars，planes and factories all pollute our air every day.Sometimes the polluted ai
3、r is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city.This kind of quilt is called haze(雾霾)Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution.Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away，and they mustnt blow dirty smoke into the air.We need to do many other things.We can put was
4、te things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground.We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car.If there are fewer people driving，there will be less pollution.Rules are not enough.Every person must help to fight against pollution.1Hundreds of years ago，life was much harder than
5、it is today because_.A there were not any modern machines B there was no modern medicine C both A and B D there were not many people 2What is the biggest problem in todays life?A Water pollution.B Air pollution.C Noise.D Pollution.3The most serious kind of pollution is_.A noise pollution B air pollu
6、tion C water pollution D A，B and C 4Factories must clean their water_.A before they are thrown away B when they are thrown away C after it is thrown away D before it is thrown away 5From the passage we know that_.A a few years ago，there was no haze at all B today people dont have to talk to each oth
7、er in a loud voice C we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes D people are making rules in order to fight against pollution （二）People are hurt by acid rain.A young boy named Marco lived in New Jersey.He liked to open his mouth to catch the fresh tasting water in the past.This time it wa
8、s acid rain.It came from pollution created by the factories close to Marcos home.Marco didnt know that this kind of rain would make him sick.Marco,who has asthma(气喘),had a serious attack.He had to go to hospital.He felt terrible.He couldnt breathe.People with breathing problems suffer when they are
9、exposed(裸露)to acid rain.People who eat plants or animals that have been exposed to acid rain can also have serious problems.Some other health problems have something to do with people eating animals and plants affected by acid rain.Acid rain burns the leaves on plants and trees.They should be green
10、and healthy,but acid rain destroys them.The rain usually does not kill the trees,but their leaves are destroyed.Then,the plants get weaker because they cant make the food that they need.Forests in the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States have been especially harmed by acid rain.Besides
11、,Acid rain also hurts the soil in the forests,nonliving things,such as arts and buildings.We should work together to make this bad rain go away.Acid rain will go away if the pollutants in the air go away.Every family can reduce pollution by using clean energy and electricity.They can also drive less
12、.If everyone helps,acid rain will go away sooner.6Where did Marco live in the article?A In New Mexico.B In New Jersey.C In New York.D In New Orleans.7Why did Marco feel sick?A He was exposed to acid rain.B He ate plants exposed to acid rain.C He ate animals exposed to acid rain.D He drank the acid r
13、ain.8What does acid rain do to plants?A Make their leaves weaker.B Make them grow faster.C Make them stronger.D Make their leaves greener.9Which one is NOT true according to the passage?A Acid rain may cause health problems.B Acid rain usually doesnt kill a tree.C Acid rain doesnt do harm to nonlivi
14、ng things.D The less pollution,the less acid rain.10Whats the last paragraph mainly about?A How to protect our environment.B Call on people to work together to prevent acid rain.C Call on people to use clean energy and electricity.D Call on more people to drive less.（三）A large part of China experien
15、ced larger amounts of smog(雾霾)than usual and the air was badly polluted.The distance one could see was shorter than 1,000 meters in Beijing,Tianjin,and the provinces of Hebei,Henan,Shandong and Anhui.In some areas,it was down to 200 meters.People usually set off firecrackers(爆竹)to celebrate the Spri
16、ng Festival.But because of the smog,this year seemed very quiet.It was really different.A man called Zhang Wei said that his friends and he hadnt set off a single firecracker.“We all suffered from last months smog.If we dont call an end to the firecrackers,the environment will get worse and worse du
17、ring the holiday.”Said Zhang Wei.He called on more people to set off fewer firecrackers during this years Spring Festival holiday by putting up a notice in his neighborhood.More Chinese looked forward to celebrating the holiday in a greener way.They decided not to set off firecrackers.They also deci
18、ded not to waste food.They said that the new celebrations sounded fashionable.To clean the sky,more than ten provinces including Guangdong,Zhejiang and Jiangsu have started to use national 4 standard(标准),which is expected to reduce(减少)vehicle emission(车辆排放)by 30%to 50%.Beijing even has started to us
19、e the stricter national 5 standard.We still have a lot to do to improve the air quality.For example,using public transportation as much as possible is not a hard thing for us to do,but it matters a lot.11What happened in a large part of China this January?A It experienced larger amounts of smog.B Pe
20、ople set off lots of firecrackers.C There was a heavy rain.D Many car accidents happened.12How do people usually celebrate the Spring Festival in China?A By putting up a notice B By setting off firecrackers.C By not wasting food.D By using public transportation.13How many provinces have started to u
21、se national 4 standard?A Three.B Six.C Eight.D More than ten.14Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A Zhang Wei didnt set off a single firecracker this Spring Festival.B We should use more public transportation to help reduce the air pollution.C Zhejiang has started to use nat
22、ional 4 standard to reduce vehicle emission.D More Chinese think the celebration of setting off firecracker is fashionable.15Whats the best title for the passage?A How to Reduce the Vehicle Emission B How to Improve the Air Quality C What Do Chinese Do in the Spring Festival D Using Public Transport
23、ation （四）Some cars do not run the way they should.Bad smoke from a cars engine can get into the air.This bad smoke is called pollution.Pollution turns the air a gray color.It is very dirty.It is not good for people to breathe this dirty air.In order to keep pollution down the state makes cars take a
24、 test every two years.This test checks to make sure the cars do not pollute the air.If a car does not pass the test the owner cannot register(登记)it.Some car owners drive their cars even though they cannot pass the test.This is against the law.It is also very bad for the air.People wanted to find a w
25、ay to get these cars off the road.A program was started that seems to be helping.This program buys cars that cannot pass the tests or will help pay for repairs.In order to qualify for the program a car must be drivable and the owner cannot make over a certain amount of money.This program has been he
26、lping people by giving them money to help buy better cars or fixing their old ones.It has also been helping to cut down on pollution.16Which of the following is the effect that bad smoke from cars causes?A The colour of the air.B The temperature of air.C The quality of the air.D Both A and C 17The a
27、im of the program in the passage is to _.A sell more cars B stop air pollution C develop the technology D make the life better 18How the programme help the drivers?A The programme buys the drives new cars.B The programme helps them buy new cars.C It helps the drivers wash the cars.D It repairs the d
28、rivers cars.19If some car owners cannot pass the test,they are _.A happy B safe C obey the law D against the law 20What is the main idea of the passage?A What is air pollution.B How to stop air pollution.C How to stop pollution of cars.D Air pollution in the city.（五）Have you ever heard of e-waste(电子
29、垃圾),which can be produced every day?How do you deal with your computers,MP4 players and mobile phones when theyre broken or you want a new one?Most people just throw them away.With the development of electronic industry(电子产业),e-waste pollution has become a serious problem.According to the United Nat
30、ions,in 2014,people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons.The US was the biggest waster,producing 7.1 million tons.China came second,with 6 million tons.Its important to pay attention to e-waste.It can either be valuable or harmful,depending on how
31、 we deal with it.E-waste is a valuable urban mine(城市矿藏).The value of the metals,like gold and silver in the waste around the world,is surprising.And the metals can be reused.But if people throw them away,the toxic chemicals(有毒化学物质)can get into the earth or air,affecting the environment and peoples h
32、ealth.Apple,for example,now recycles peoples used products in China when they are buying new ones.The company will test and repair the used ones and sell them at lower prices.To help reduce e-waste,we can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programmes.21The following c
33、an become e-waste EXCEPT_ A computers B mobile phones C plastic bags D MP4 players 22Which country produced most e-waste in 2014 according to the United Nations?A America.B China.C Japan.D France.23From Paragraph 4,we learn that_ A the recycled Apple products will be sold at higher prices B buying l
34、onger lasting electronic products is a good way to reduce e-waste C its better to keep the unwanted electronics in your bedroom D some companies offer to recycle the used electronic products 24The main purpose of this passage is to_ A prove that e-waste is useless B encourage people to buy more elec
35、tronic products C advise people to deal with e-waste properly to reduce pollution D advise people to sell the unwanted electronics （六）It is reported that some developed countries have shipped(运往)broken parts of computers to China.Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken comput
36、ers,TVs and phones sent from Japan.Things like these are called electronic waste,or e-waste.Dealing with them is not an easy job.Every time an old computer breaks down,it needs to be dealt with safely.What is worse,at present,broken computer parts are usually buried.It may be hundreds of years befor
37、e they are really gone in the earth.Many places in China are polluted by e-waste.Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them.This town is named as“the e-waste capital of the world”.It has to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year,from which it makes 75 million yuan.But it comes at a cos
38、t.Many of the poisons in e-waste find their way into the environment.An environmental group has found the air,the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted.Luckily,the Chinese government wants to change the situation(情况).This year,China passed a new environmental protection law.Computer companies
39、 like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers.Hopefully,the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future.25The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from _.A France B Japan C Germany D Australia 26The underlined word“buried”probably means _in the passage.A 焚烧 B 降
40、解 C 回收 D 掩埋 27The town of Guiyu in Guangdong Province_.A is the e-capital of the world B has serious e-waste pollution C deals with the e-waste safely D spends much money on e-waste 28This year,the Chinese government _.A closed some computer companies B asked people to hand in old computers C made a
41、 new environmental protection law D tried to change peoples life 29The passage is mainly about _.A the e-waste problem in China B the cost of burning e-waste C the ways to deal with e-waste D the need to pass a law against e-waste 参考答案 1 C 2 D 3 B 4 D 5 D 【分析】本文介绍了污染是我们现在生活中的最大问题之一，空气污染是最严重的污染。为了抵抗污
42、染，许多国家正在制定规则。1C 细节理解题。根据 Hundreds of years ago，life was much harder than it is today.People didnt have modern machines.There was no modern medicine，either.可知几百年前，生活比现在更加困难，因为人们没有现代机器，也没有现代医学，故选 C。2D 细节理解题。根据 Life today has brought new problems.One of the biggest is pollution.可知今天生活中最大问题是污染，故选 D。3B 细
43、节理解题。根据 Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.可知空气污染是最严重的污染，故选 B。4D 细节理解题。根据 Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away，and they mustnt blow dirty smoke into the air.可知工厂必须在排放水之前，把水清洁干净。故选 D。5D 推理判断题。根据 Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution.可知为了抵
44、抗污染，人们正在制定规则，故选 D。【点睛】认真阅读题干，根据题干要求，在文中寻找答案所在的语句或段落，进行分析理解，词义猜测，推理判断和概括归纳，选出正确的选项。例如小题 3，根据 Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.可知空气污染是最严重的污染，故选 B。6 B 7 D 8 A 9 C 10 B 【分析】文章讲述了酸雨的危害，讲诉了酸雨是因为空气污染造成的，呼吁人们共同努力抵制污染。6根据.A young boy named Marco lived in New Jersey故选 B 7根据 This time it was
45、 acid rain.It came from pollution created by the factories close to Marcos home.Marco didnt know that this kind of rain would make him sick.可知是因为喝酸雨；故选 D 8根据 Acid rain burns the leaves on plants and trees.可知伤害树叶；故选 A 9根据 Some other healthy problems have something to do with people eating animals and
46、 plants affected by acid rain.可知 A 对；根据 The rain usually does not kill the trees,可知 B 对；根据Acid rain also hurts the soil in the forests,nonliving things,such as arts and buildings.可知 C不对；根据 Acid rain will go away if the pollutants in the air go away.可知 D 对；故选 C 10根据 We should work together to make th
47、is bad rain go away.Acid rain will go away if the pollutants in the air go away.Every family can reduce pollution by using clean energy and electricity.They can also drive less.If everyone helps,acid rain will go away sooner.可知主要呼吁人们共同努力，抵制酸雨；故选 B 11A 12B 13D 14D 15B【分析】文章讲述了雾霾的严重，以及雾霾怎么产生的，许多省为了治理雾
48、霾制定了一些政策。11根据 A large part of China experienced larger amounts of smog(雾霾)than usual 故选 A 12根据 People usually set off firecrackers(爆竹)to celebrate the Spring Festival.可知人们通过放爆竹庆祝春节；故选 B 13根据 more than ten provinces including Guangdong,Zhejiang and Jiangsu have started to use national 4 standard(标准),
49、可知超过 10个省；故选 D 14根据 Zhang Wei said that his friends and he hadnt set off a single firecracker.可知 A 对；根据 using public transportation as much as possible is not a hard thing for us to do,but it matters a lot.可知 B对；根据 more than ten provinces including Guangdong,Zhejiang and Jiangsu have started to use
50、national 4 standard(标准),which is expected to reduce(减少)vehicle emission(车辆排放)by 30%to 50%.Beijing even has started to use the stricter national 5 standard.可知 C对；根据 They said that the new celebrations sounded fashionable.可知 D不对；故选 D 15根据文章讲述了雾霾的严重，以及雾霾怎么产生的，许多省为了治理雾霾制定了一些政策。故选 B 16D 17B 18B 19D 20C【分