初三年级(下)中考复习.docx

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1、初三年级（下）【知识梳理】I.重点短语1. beg ones pardon3. slow down4. wear out5.6. make a decision,7. a place of interest9. drop off10. think aboutmind, 12. at all,13. at least2. multiply .by.try on8. make a mistake11. make up ones14. by the time15. carry on16. never mind17. from now on18. come down19. hands up21. no

2、 one20. before long22. not.any longerII.重要句型1. be busy doing sth.2. prefer to do sth.3. regard. as.5. be angry with4. be pleased with sth. /sb.sb.III.交际用语1. How much does. cost .?2. It can cost as little as . yuan and as muchas . yuan.3. 11 costs .4. Its worth .5. I dont agree with .6. I wasnz t sur

3、e whether. 7. I wonder if .8. What size .?9. Have you got any other colour / size / kind?10. Have you11. How much12. How much13. How much14. That7 s agot anything cheaper?are they?does it cost?is it?bit expensive.though they re a little expensive,16. I 11 think about .think Ill take .15. EvenFil tak

4、e them.17. I don, t18. 1 like .19. Idont really like .20.Can I help you, girl? 21.Would you like me to look in the back?22. We can find .23. Do you1 ike being .?24. Can I ask you some questions? 25.Sure.26. It was great.27.Wow!28. Yeah!29. Oh dear!30.Handsup! 31.PH shoot anyone who moves.32. Theres

5、no need to thank me. 33. Can you remember anything else about him?34.Come down, Polly!35.Thereis a little traffic accident.36. There7 s a big traffic jam.37. Well, Im sure hell be here before long.38. Im beginning to get angry with him!39. Yes, we cant wait any longer. Lets go without him.真的不掉线吗？ ？、

6、？40. Thats terrible! 41. Thats a really bad excuse!IV.重要语法1 .过去将来时2.过去完成时3.动词不定式 4.定语从句【名师讲解】1. think/ think/about/ think of(1) think单独使用时表示思考，接that宾语从 句时意为认为，觉得。I am thinking how to work out the problem.I think she is a good student.当宾语从句含有否定概念时，通常形式上否定 think ,但意义上却是否定宾语从句。I dont think he can come.

7、I don,t think it will be windy.(2) think about可接一个名词，动词-ing形式 或由疑问词引导的不定式或宾语从句，意思是考 虑.I have thought about it for a long time. Please think about how to tell her the bad news.(3) think of表示认为，一般用于疑问句中， 与what连用。What do you think of the TV play? = How do you 1 ike the TV play?2. big/ large/ great上述形容词

8、都表示大，但侧重点及程度不同。(1) big指具体事物的大小，强调比正常形体的标准 大，既可用在普通场合，也可用在正式场合。它可用 来指人的身材高大或长大了，还可表示伟大，重 要”之意。如：Can you lift up this big stone? On the last day I made a big decision.(2) large特别强调远远超过标准的大，指体积、 面积、容积、数量之大。如：A whale is a large animal.A large crowd col lected at the gate of the theatre.(3) great除了表示数量体积

9、之大外，又指抽象的 程度，意味着伟大性，重要性，优越性；常用于抽象或无形的东西；用于有形的东西时，常带有伟大 大得令人吃惊”等意思，含有一定的感情色彩。如: China is a great country with a long history.He was one of the greatest scientists.3. cost/ take/ spend/ pay(1) cost表示花钱，花费，付出(只能用于钱、精 力、生命等；主语必须是物。)The book cost me five yuan.(2) take的主语是动词不定式，通常用it做形式 主语。真的不掉线吗？ ？、？It t

10、ook me five yuan to buy the book.(3) spend,在主动语句中主语是人I spent five yuan on (for) the book.或 I spent five yuan (in) buying the book.(4) pay的主语是人。I paid five yuan for the book.4. expensive/ high/ cheap/ low这四个词在谈论到价格的高低时，要注意使用. expensive与high涉及到价格高，而cheap与low 涉及到价格低。(1) expensive昂贵的，花钱多的。这个单词若谈到 价格高，货贵

11、时，其主语不能是价格，必须是货物、 物品本身。如：This watch is expensive.这只表很贵。These glass-products are not expensive. 这些 玻璃制品不是很值钱。注意：cheap表示价廉，便宜的，其主语也不 能是价格，必须是物品本身。如：The cheap table was bought from him.这张便宜的 桌子是他卖给我们的。This cloth doll is very cheap.这只布娃娃很便宜。(2)high在表示价格时，含义是高，low在表示 价格时，含义是低，这两个词不能用于物品本身， 只能用在价格上。如：The

12、price of this watch is very high.这只表的 价格太高了。The price of this book is not low for me. 这本 书的价格对我来说是不低。下面我们试看几个句子的正误对照：The price of this computer is expensive.(宜改为：This computer is expensive. 或 The price of this computer is high.)The price of this pen is not cheap for him to buy. (宜改为：This pen is not

13、cheap for him to buy.或The price of this pen is not low for him.)5. alone/ lonelylonely与alone的意思比较接近，但在使用时有所区别:(1) lonely用作形容词，意思是”孤单的；寂寞的。 可指心灵上的寂寞，也可指偏僻的地点。在句中既可 作表语，也可作定语。(2)alone可作形容词和副词，意思是单独；独 自，不指心理上寂寞的感觉。She was taken to a lonely island, 1 ived alone, but she never felt lonely.她被带到一个荒岛上，自己居住，

14、但她从不感到寂寞。6. before long/ long before(1) before long作“不久以后”讲，切不要按字面译为 “长时间以前”或“好久以前”。如：真的不掉线吗？ ？、？We hope to finish our experiment before long.我们希望不久(以后)就把实验做完。(2) long before作很久以前讲。原意为 以前很久，故也可译为老早I long before跟 before long不同，前者在其后面可以接名词或一个从句；当 上下文明确时，名词或从句还可以省略。Before long 则没有上述搭配用法。They began the

15、test yesterday, but we had made experiment long before.我们昨天开始做实验，但我们在那以前很久就已 经做准备了。7. as/ when/ while(l)as是连词，意思是当的时候，一面一面 ”,(强调同时，一般连续时间不长)，如：As we were talking about Titanic, our teacher came in正当我们谈论泰坦尼克号”这部电影时，教师进 来了。The students sing as they go along.学生们边走 边唱。（2）When和as 一样都是连词，注意它们的不同。如when当的时候

16、（一般表示动作紧接着发生）；那时（等立连词，前有逗号分开）I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain. 我 一直呆到太阳下山，那时天开始下雨了。while是当时候；和同时（强调同 时发生，一般连续时间较长）While I was watching TV, he was reading. 当 我在看电视的时候，他正在看书。While there is life, there is hope.有生命就有希望。8. beat/win/ hit (Dbeat是动词，意思是连续地打；打败；敲打 beat后可接入或队名。意思是击败对手。”如：I can beat

17、 you at swimming.(2)win意思是赢得某个项目，后面常接match, game.如：He won a game.他胜一局。We won a match.我们比赛得胜。(3)hit意思是击中(有时可表示打一下)。如：The mother hit her child out of anger.妈妈生气， 打了她孩子一下。9. keep doing/keep on doing(l)keep doing侧重表示持续不停地做某事或持续 某种状态I如：The girl kept crying all the time.那个女孩一直在哭。The baby kept sleeping abo

18、ut four hours. 这个 婴儿连续睡了大约四个小时。(2) keep on doing表示总不断做某事，不表示 静止状态。不能与 sitting, sleeping, lying, standing 这类真的不掉线吗？ ？、？词连用。如：It kept on raining for seven days.Dont keep on asking such silly questions.10. get/ turn/ become这三个词都可作系动词用，表示状态的变化，后 跟表语，但三个词的用法稍有不同。get强调情感、气 候和环境的变化；turn强调色彩的变化；而become则 强调取

19、务、职称等的变化。如：The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter.冬天的白天越来越短。She couldnt answer the question and her face turned red.她回答不出问题，脸红了。When did you become a teacher? - Ten years ago. 你什么时候当的老师？十年前。11. steal / rob从意思上讲steal表示偷窃的意思。而rob表示 抢劫的意思；从搭配上来讲，steal sth from sb/sth ; 而 rob 则用 rob sb/sth o

20、f sth;例如：He stole money from the rich to give it to the poor.They robbed the bank of one million dollars.12. see/look/watch/notice在英语中，see, look, watch, notice 都有“看” 的意思，要注意他们的区别。see意为“看到”，表示视觉器官有意识或无意识地 看到物体，强调“看到”的结果。look意为“看”，表示有意识地观看，强调“看”的 动作。watch意为“观看，注视”,指以较大的注意力观看。notice意为“看到，注意到”，指有意识的注意，

21、含有从不注意到注意的变化的意义。例如：What can you see in the picture?在图画中你 能看到什么？Look! How happily they are playing! 看！ 他 们玩得多高兴啊!Hes watched TV for over two hours.他看了两 个多小时的电视。He noticed a purse lying on the road. 他注 意到地上有个钱包。13. Shoot/ shoot atshoot是及物动词，意思是“射中，射死”，宾语多 为人或动物等。而shoot at是一个动词词组，意为 “向射击”，至于射中或射死与否不得而知

22、。如：The man shot five birds in the forest.那个 人在森林里射死（中）了五只鸟。The hunter shot at the bear.猎人朝熊射击了。They shot at the she - wolf, but didnt shoot her.他们向那只母狼射击，但是没有射中/死。14. escape/ run away(1) escape作“逃跑”、“逃脱”或“逃避”讲时，往往 会有成功之意。如：真的不掉线吗?、？The old man escaped death.那个老人死里逃生。The thief escaped from prison.那个小

23、偷越狱 了。(2) run away作“逃跑”、“跑走”讲时，往往强调动 作。如：Dont let him run away. 别让他跑了。口语中escape和run away可以互用。15. so that. / so. that.(1) so that.为了，以便。引导一个目的状 语从句，从句中往往有情态动词。也可引导一个结果 状语从句。如：I left at 5: 00 so that I could catch the early bus.Speak loudly, so that they can hear what you say. He didnt study English s

24、o that he lost a chance to work in a foreign company.(2) so. that.既可引导一个结果状语从句， 也可引导一个目的状语从句。如：The classroom was so noisy that I could hardly study.I got up so early in the morning that I could catch the train.【考点扫描】中考考点在本单元主要集中在:1.过去将来时；2.过去完成时；3.动词不定式；4.定语从句；5.本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；6.本单元学过的交际用语。考试形式可以是单项

25、填空、完型填空、短文填空 和完成句子。【中考范例】1. （2004年济宁市中考试题）He wanted to knowB.A. whether he speaks at the meeting when the meeting would startA. what hes going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held【解析】答案：Bo该题考查的是宾语从句的语序 和时态。因为主句的时态是一般过去时，所以从句应 用过去将来时，这就排除了 A和B。宾语从句的时态应 该是陈述句的语序，所以只有B是对的。2. （2004年烟台

26、市中考试题）Why didnt you go to the movie yesterday?Because I it before.A. had watched B. have seen C. have watchedD. had seen【解析】答案：Do该题考查的是动词的搭配以及 现在完成时和过去完成时的用法区别。看电影习惯商 用see a movie,又因为说的昨天以前发生的事情，应 该用过去完成时。只有D正确。3. （2004年重庆市中考试题）Did you win the football game?Bad luck. Our team in the final one.A. won

27、 B. beat C. was won D. was beaten真的不掉线吗？ ？、？【解析】答案：D.该题考查的是动词搭配和动词 的语态。动词win通常和比赛一类的词连用，不与人 或队连用，因此可以排除A和C。beat是个及物动词，既然我们的运气不好，就是输了，应该用被动语态。4. （2004年广州市中考试题）Who is the manwas talking to our English teacher?Oh! Ifs Mr Baker, our maths teacher.A. he B. that C. whom D. which【解析】答案：Bo该题考查的是引导定语从句关 系代词的

28、选择。由于先行词是人，可以排除A和D。而 该词在定语从句中作主语，只有B合适。【满分演练】一.单项选择1. Though he isseventy years old,he takes exercise every day.A. past B. above C. on D. over2. The sun risesand goes downA. in the east, in the westB. inthe west, in the eastC. to the east, to the westD. fromthe east, from the west3. Which would you

29、1 ike, Madam, tea or coffee?, thanks. Id like a glass ofwater, please.A. EitherB. BothC. Neither D. OK4. One of the boys is, all the otherboys are A.English , ChinaB. an English, ChineseC. England , ChinaD.English, Chinese5. How soon will you finish the building?A. In two monthsB. TwomonthsC.About t

30、wo monthsD. Af ter two months6. They did their father toldthem.A. likeB. asC. aboutD. with7. The fish smells Youmustn,t eat it.A. nicely B. heavily C.terrible D. terribly8. Either you or hethe team.A. is inB. are on C. is onD. are in9. He was madethirteen hoursa day by his boss.A. to workB. workC. i

31、s onD. are in10. you work, youwill do.A. Harder, betterB. Theharder, the worseC. Hardest, bestD. Theharder, the better11. Mrs Hu asked Liu Fang andtotake part in the English meeting.A. IB. myC. meD. mine12. Tell the students theirEnglish books.A. to take B. to carry C. to bringD. bring13. Itus two h

32、ours walk to getto our school.真的不掉线吗？ ？、？A. takeB. takes C. spendD. paid14. My little sister is so tired, she can hardly walk, ?she D. cant she15.Yellow Riveris the secondlongest river is our country.A./B. TheC. AnD. A16. Do you want toat the meeting.No, I have nothing to A. say, speak B. tell, talk

33、 C. say, say D. speak, say17. You need something to drink, dont you?please D. Yes, please18. She asked mehe could dance or sing.A. ifB. whatC. whetherD. that19. Arent you Marys sister?Im her aunt.A. Yes, I am B. No, Pm not C. Yes, Pm not D. No, I am20. , no man has travelledfarther than the moon.A.

34、To nowB. To farC. So farD. T i 11 now二.用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Class 3 won the football match and our class by them, (beat)2. By last Friday the students (learn)al 1 their new lessons.3. He will be a worker after he(finish)middle school.4. I felt 1 ike (have) a rest afterlunch.5. Is there another way of(answ

35、er) the question?6. Fil tell him the news that our class(win).7. Jim made us (agree) with him.8. The teacher (give) us a lesson whenTom walked into the room.9. Someone saw him(fall) off the horsejust now.10. Look! A group of policemen (run)into that room.三.改写句子1. None of the doctors knows about the

36、matter.know about the matter.2. Tom is taller than John.Jonh is notTom.3. The jacket cost so little that he bought it.The jacket for himto buy.4. Jim had a good journey home.J im very much home.5. I didnt finish my work in time because my pen was broken.The pen stopped finishing my work in time.四.完形

37、填空Hundreds of years ago, life was 1 than 2 today. People didrft have modern machines. 真的 不掉线吗？ ？、？There 3 modern medicine, 4 .Life today 5 new problems. One of the biggest is pollution （污染）.Water pollution has6 our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and affects （影响）our drinking water. Noise p

38、ollution makes us louder and 8. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It affects 9 living thing in the world.Cars, planes and factories all pollute （污染）our air every day. Sometimes the pollution is so 10 that it is 1 ike a quilt （被状物）over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.（烟雾）

39、1. A. more hard B. more harderC. much harderD. much more harder2. A. they are B. they wereC. itwas D. it is3. A. were not B. was noC. wereD. was4. A. either B. tooC. alsoD. neither5. A. bringB. haveC. have gotD.has brought6. A. madeB. letC. takenD. changed7. A. sayB. talkC. tellD. spokeB. get8. A. f

40、eel happy more happilyangry much moreeasierC. get angrymuch easierD. feeland more slowlyB. all9. A. mostC. oneD. every10. A. thinB. thick五.阅读理解（A）Since the beginning of time, man has invented many interesting things. Some of these inventions, like numbers and the radio have certainly changed history

41、.Since 1946, one of the most important inventions has been the computer. It will change all our lives.The first computer was built at Harvard University （哈佛大学）in 1944. it was as large as a room and quite difficult and slow to operate （运行）.But since the invention of the silicon chip （硅片）,computer hav

42、e become smaller, easier to use, and faster to operate. Some computers are as small as television sets. Some computers can be made smaller than a book. And computers are getting smaller all the time.There are several reasons（原因）why computer is useful to us. First it can store （储藏）very, very large am

43、ount （数量）of information （信息）. Second, the computer can operate very quickly. Third, modern computer can be built into other kinds of machines, like radios, cars, and planes. They can do a lot of work for us.Soon, almost everyone, either at home or at work, will use some kind of computer. The lives o

44、f all of us will be changed by this invention.判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。符合的用“A”表 示；不符合的用“B”表示.1. According to （根据）this passage, many inventions have changed history andpeopled life.2. The first computer was built in the middle of the 19th century （世纪）.3. A modern computer can be made smaller than silicon chip.

45、真的不掉线吗？ ？、？4. The computer has been made much better since the invention of the silicon chip.5. The computer is useful because it can store lots of information, it can operate veryquickly and can be built into other machines.(B)Joe Biggs was a butcher (屠夫).His shop was in a village in one of the most beautiful parts of southern England . He worked in it fo