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1、Welcome to our classclass 2Module 3 My First Ride on a TrainGrammarGrammar IGroup Discuss:Read and conclude the rules（提示：位置和意义）（提示：位置和意义）1.Trained camels carried food and other supplies.2.We saw abandoned farms which were more than a hundred years ago.3.There is a broken cup.4.We ate great meals coo
2、ked by experts.5.We all like photographs taken by our teachers.6.The people invited by us are all famous experts.一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语（位置）（位置）1、单个的过去分词作定语时，一般将其放在、单个的过去分词作定语时，一般将其放在被修饰词之前，被修饰词之前，这时过去分词的这时过去分词的形容词意形容词意义强于动词意义义强于动词意义。例如：例如：They needed much more qualified teachers.合格的合格的a broken cup 一个破杯子
3、一个破杯子a wounded soldier一名伤员一名伤员2、有时有时单个的过去分词单个的过去分词也可以也可以作后作后置定语，用以强调动作。置定语，用以强调动作。例如：例如：1、We decided to change the material used.我们决定更换被用过的材料。我们决定更换被用过的材料。2、This will be the best novel of its kind ever written.这将是这类小说中写得最好的。3、过去分词短语作定语要放在被修、过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面，作后置定语，其作用饰词的后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
4、相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。例例如如：We ate great meals cooked by experts.=we ate great meals which were cooked by experts.一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语（意义）1及物动词的过去分词作定语表示完成和被动。及物动词的过去分词作定语表示完成和被动。例如：例如：The book written by this young man was a great success.Have you finished the exercises given by professor Li?注意：由于不及物动词后不可以直接
5、跟宾语，所以注意：由于不及物动词后不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示动作的完成，不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示动作的完成，而没有被动的意义。如而没有被动的意义。如：落叶落叶 _升起的太阳升起的太阳 _ 一位退休的老师一位退休的老师 _fallen leaves risen suna retired teacher2.有些过去分词失去了被动意义，而作形容有些过去分词失去了被动意义，而作形容词，表示词，表示“感到感到的的”，现在分词表示，现在分词表示“令人令人的的”。迷惑的表情迷惑的表情 _ 失望的孩子们失望的孩子们 _ 累了的人们累了的人们 _ 满意的表情满意的表情 _一本
6、有趣的书一本有趣的书 _一部激动人心的电影一部激动人心的电影_puzzled expressiondisappointed childrenexhausted peoplesatisfied expression an interesting bookan exciting filmGroup Discuss:现在分词作定语和过去分词作定语的区别现在分词作定语和过去分词作定语的区别现在分词作定语时，它与被修饰词现在分词作定语时，它与被修饰词之间是主谓（主动）关系，即被修之间是主谓（主动）关系，即被修饰词是分词动作的执行者。分词所饰词是分词动作的执行者。分词所表示的时间一般应与句中的谓语动表示的
7、时间一般应与句中的谓语动词所表示的时间相同。词所表示的时间相同。例如：例如：1.The girl sitting at the desk is good at English.(=The girl who is sitting at the desk is good at English.)2.He lives in a room facing the south.(=He lives in a room that faces the south.)Translate the following phrasesdeveloped countriesboiled waterfallen leav
8、esa retired professora newly-built house落落 叶叶一位退休的教授一位退休的教授一所新建的房子一所新建的房子发达国家发达国家开开 水水【即学即练即学即练】1.我喜欢鲁迅写的书。我喜欢鲁迅写的书。I like the books _.2.我讨厌那个老人讲的故事。我讨厌那个老人讲的故事。I hate the story _.3.那个国家讲的是什么语言？那个国家讲的是什么语言？Whats the language_?4.它们是历史遗留下来的问题。它们是历史遗留下来的问题。They are problems _.written by Lu Xuntold by t
9、he old manspoken in that countryleft over by historygrammar II(page 26)Find the following time expressions that appear in“My First Ride on a Train.”Recently A long time ago During the day A hundred and fifty years ago One night Until the 1920s At(about)midnight In 1925Discuss!Which of them can refer
10、 to past or present actions?refer to past and present:“During the day”and“at midnight”refer to past only:Recently;A long time ago;A hundred and fifty years ago;One night;Until the1920s;In 1925Use similar time expressions to complete these sentences.1.People first started traveling by train _.3.We ha
11、d a nice holiday last year._,we visited museum._,we went to a music club.4._,I travelled by bus to meet a friend of mine who now lives in another city.2._,there was a huge railway station in the middle of the city,but it isnt there any more.in 1925A hundred and fifty years agoRecentlyDuring the dayA
12、t nightPast Tense Time Expressions1.常用的表示过去的时间状语有常用的表示过去的时间状语有:at that time,during his middle school years,last night/year/week/month,a week/month/year ago,in the old days，in the past，until the 1920s,in 1925,at midnight,one night,a long time ago.1.I wasnt in last night.2.We didnt have house of our o
13、wn at that time.3.Where were you just now?4.Their children often went hungry in the old days.5.I saw him when he came in.2.表示过去的习惯性、重复性的动表示过去的习惯性、重复性的动作作,常用一定的时间状语或频度状语常用一定的时间状语或频度状语.例如：例如：I played football every week when I was young.I used to go shopping during weekdays.Translation1.上周末上周末,简吃了一顿由外
14、婆做的好饭。简吃了一顿由外婆做的好饭。2.昨天晚上昨天晚上,她完成作业后就上床睡觉了。她完成作业后就上床睡觉了。3.前几天前几天,罗伯特去北京出差了。罗伯特去北京出差了。4.玛丽过去一周来拜访我一次。玛丽过去一周来拜访我一次。1.上周末上周末,简吃了一顿由外婆做的好饭。简吃了一顿由外婆做的好饭。Last weekend,Jane ate a nice meal(which was)cooked by her grandmother.2.昨天晚上昨天晚上,她完成作业后就上床睡觉了。她完成作业后就上床睡觉了。She went to bed after she finished her homewo
15、rk last night.4.玛丽过去一周来拜访我一次。玛丽过去一周来拜访我一次。3.前几天前几天,罗伯特去北京出差了。罗伯特去北京出差了。Robert went to Beijing on business the other day.Mary used to pay a visit to/visit me once a week.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Prices of daily goods _(buy)by computer can be lower than store prices.2.Have you read the novel
16、_(write)by Dickens?3.The girl let out a _(frighten)cry at the sight of the snake.boughtwrittenfrightened/frightening4.The _(lose)boy was last seen playing near the East Lake.5.A little child _(learn)to walk often falls.6.The song,_(record)in the studio,sounded wonderful.7.The concert _(give)by the t
17、wins was a great success.lostlearningrecordedgiven8.The government decided to rebuild the _(damage)bridge.9.Whats the language _(speak)in Germany?10.The computer center _(open)last year is very popular among the students in this school.openeddamagedspoken 过去分词作后置定语，通常是及过去分词作后置定语，通常是及物动词的过去分词，这时过去分词意
18、物动词的过去分词，这时过去分词意义强于形容词意义。个别单个的过去义强于形容词意义。个别单个的过去分词作前置定语或后置定语时分词作前置定语或后置定语时,表达表达的含义不同。如：的含义不同。如：特例分享：特例分享：前置定语前置定语后置定语后置定语a concerned look关切的神色关切的神色the authorities concerned有关当局有关当局a wanted person 被通缉的人被通缉的人jobs wanted需要的工作需要的工作in a given condition 在一定条件下在一定条件下a present given by the student 学生送的礼物学生送的礼物a used car一辆旧车一辆旧车a car used一辆用过的车一辆用过的车 1.Remember the rules in this lesson.2.Finish the exercises.There is no royal road to learning.书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。名言警句：名言警句：