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1、UnitUnit 1 1Text Organization P11“:“: . . . - - PartsParagraphs Main IdeasPart OneParas 1-2Introduction Both Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.Part TwoParas 3-11Napoleons military campaign against RussiaPart ThreeParas 12-20Hitlers military
2、 campaign against the Soviet UnionPart FourPara 21ConclusionThe elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.2 .SectionsParagraphsMain IdeasSection One Paras 12-13Hitlers blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalins scorched earth policySection Two Paras 14-18the battles fought at Leni
3、ngrad, Moscow and StalingradSection 33TTThreeTh reeParas 19-20the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the warOf the warP14 Vocabulary I.1.1) alliance 3) stroke5) minus 7) declaratio ns2) at the cost of4) limp 6) regions 8) siege9) raw10) bide his time 11) have taken their toll12) in the cas
4、e of P15 2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down 3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on 5) get by 6) dine out 7) have cut back 8) get throughP16 3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may l le ea ad d t to o t th he e c co on nq qu ue es st t o of f c ca an nc ce er r i in n t th he e n ne ea ar
5、r f fu ut tu ur re e. . 2) Production in many factories h ha as s b be ee en n b br ro ou ug gh ht t t to o a a h ha al lt t b by y t th he e d de el la ay ye ed d a ar rr ri iv va al l o of f r ra aw w m ma at te er ri ia al ls s d du ue e t to o t th he e d do oc ck k w wo or rk ke er rs s s st tr
6、 ri ik ke e. . 3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests w wi il ll l/ /s sh ho ou ul ld d n ne ev ve er r g ge et t i in n t th he e w wa ay y o of f h he er r career.career. 4) Obviously the reporters question c ca au ug gh ht t t th he e f fo or re ei ig gn n m mi in ni is st te er
7、r o of ff f g gu ua ar rd d. . 5) The introduction o of f t th he e e el le ec ct tr ro on ni ic c c ca al lc cu ul la at to or r h ha as s r re en nd de er re ed d t th he e s sl li id de e r ru ul le e o ou ut t o of f d da at te e / / o ob bs so olete.lete. 4 4. . 1) B Be ei in ng g f fa ac ce ed
8、 d w wi it th h an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up t th he e o oc cc cu up pa at ti io on n o of f big cities and r re et tr re ea at t t to o the rural and mountainous r re eg gi io on ns s to build up our bases. 2) Unity is c cr ru uc ci ia al l t to o the e ef ff fi ic ci ie
9、 en nt t operation of an organization. Failure t to o r re ec ck ko on n w wi it th h this problem will w we ea ak ke en n its strength. In many cases, work may b be e b br ro ou ug gh ht t t to o a a h ha al lt t by constant internal struggle in an organization. 3) The Red Army fought a a h he er r
10、o oi ic c battle at Stalingrad and won t th he e d de ec ci is si iv ve e victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle t tu ur rn ne ed d t th he e t ti id de e in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German s si ie eg ge e and weakened the German arm
11、y b by y l la au un nc ch hi in ng g a series of counterattacks.P17P17 II.II. MoreMore SynonymsSynonyms inin ContextContext 1)During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium. 2)Eli
12、zabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words. 4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the hars
13、h weather.P18 III. Usage 1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health. 2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeksand nobody knew anything about it. 3) Its said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work 4)Dont sit too close to the fire
14、to keep warmyou could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep. 5)In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early. 6)Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes. P19P19 ComprehensiveComprehensive ExercisesExercises I. Cloze (A) 1. invasion 3. Co
15、nquest 5. launching 7. campaign 9. reckon with 10.bringto a halt2.stand in the way 4.catching. off his guard 6.declaration 8.drag on 10.bringing.to a haltP19-(B) 1. allow2. reckoned 3. highly4. forecasts 5. rapidly6. instant 7. delivery8. advantage 9. observing10. Powerful P P2 20 0 I II I. . T Tr r
16、a an ns sl la at ti io on n 1. Mr. Doherty and his family areare currently engagedengaged inin getting the autumn harvest in on the farm. 2. We must not underestimateunderestimate the enemy. They areare equippedequipped withwith the most sophisticated weapons. 3. Having been cut of a job/Not having
17、had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperatedesperate. 4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive,decisive, efficientefficient, and accurate in his judgment. 5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it
18、 down atat thethe costcost ofof 100 jobs. The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us
19、 were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Luckly enough,thanks to the severe cold weather which made the marsh froze over, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the batt
20、le. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Part III TextBComprehension Check 1. d 3. b. .- -2. d 4. aTranslation(#JE Appendix III)Language Practice1. boast2. obstacles 3. was concerned4. call .off 5. paid off6. was pinned down7. are contesting8. prior to 9. holdout10. objective 11. responsibl
21、e for12. in case 13. favorable14. due to 15. on the eve of16. cancel 17. complications18. stiff 19. withstand20. absentPartPart IVIV Theme-RelatedTheme-Related LanguageLanguage LearningLearning TasksTasksW Wr ri it ti in ng g S St tr ra at te eg gy y Tick which of the following is more convincing: _
22、It was reported that General Eisenhower, though indecisive sometimes, had no hesitation in ordering the assault on Normandy. _ _Eisenhowers chief of staff, Brigadier General Water Bedell Smith, later wrote: “. He sat there . tense, weighing every consideration. Finally he looked up, and the tension
23、was gone from his face. He said briskly, well, well go.“P P2 28 8 M Mo od de el l P Pa ap pe er rCanCan ManMan TriumphTriumph overover Nature?Nature? When people talk of man triumphing over nature, many things come to mind. One thinks of successes in medicine in the fight against disease, such as th
24、e invention of antibiotics and the promise held out by advances in biogenetic engineering. On a broader scale, one thinks of mans success in harnessing new forms of energy from steam power through oil to nuclear power. Yet, nature has often hit back in unexpected ways to these attempts to tame it. N
25、ew forms of-disease that are resistant to antibiotics are constantly developing. Burning fossil fuels has led to fears of global warming; while nuclear power has produced dangerous waste that will remain a hazard for generations to come. However, perhaps to talk of man triumphing over nature is the
26、wrong way to look at the matter. We need to find ways to work with nature rather than forever fighting against it.( (1 15 54 4 w wo or rd ds s) )UnitUnit 2 2Text org. Ex. 2 On P381.1. SmartSmart carscars cancan see,see, hear,hear, feel,feel, smell,smell, talk,talk, andand act;act;2.2. TheyThey canca
27、n eliminateeliminate mostmost ofof carcar accidentsaccidents3.3. TheyThey cancan alertalert thethe policepolice andand provideprovide preciseprecise locationlocation ofof youryour carcar ifif stolenstolen4.4. TheyThey cancan monitormonitor onesones drivingdriving andand thethe drivingdriving conditi
28、onsconditions nearby;nearby;5.5. TheyThey cancan alertalert thethe driverdriver whowho feelsfeels drowsy;drowsy;6.6. TheyThey cancan locatelocate youryour carcar preciselyprecisely andand warnwarn ofof traffictraffic jams.jams.Language Sense Enhancement on P 38-391) cure 2) impact 3) orbiting4) warn
29、 of 5) location 6) At any given time 7)vibrate 8) detected 9) calculate 10) convertedI. Vocabulary: Ex.1Ex.1 onon P41-42P41-421.expansion 2. automated 3. vapor 4. take control of5. hazards 6. satellite 7.vibrated 8.magnetic 9. bunched 10. in the air 11. got/was stuck in 12.approximatelyVocabulary: E
30、x.2Ex.2 onon P42P421. send out 2. stand up for 3. pass for 4. were closing in on 5. starting up 6. went through 7. fill out8. fall intoVocabulary: Ex.3Ex.3 onon P43P431)1) incorporatesincorporates allall thethe latestlatest safetysafety features.features.2)2) twotwo treestrees tenten feetfeet apart.
31、apart.3)3) awardingawarding lucrativelucrative contractscontracts toto hishis constructionconstruction firm.firm.4)4) thethe prototypeprototype ofof a a newnew modelmodel beforebefore theythey setset upup a a factoryfactory toto makemake thethe cars.cars.5)5) areare correlatedcorrelated inin allall
32、racialracial groups.groups.Vocabulary: Ex.4Ex.4 onon P43P431)1) thethe application,application, remote,remote, hashas turnedturned intointo a a reality,reality, areare poisedpoised toto2)2) thatthat vibrate,vibrate, cancan detect,detect, frequencyfrequency3)3) lanes,lanes, areare mountedmounted in,i
33、n, alertalert a,a, hazardhazardII.II. WordWord FormationFormation onon P45P45KilogramKilogramMedicalMedical carecareMemorandumMemorandumElectronicElectronic mailmailGymnasiumGymnasiumCommunicationsCommunications satellitesatelliteLiberationLiberationNewsNews broadcastbroadcastDoctorDoctorSkySky hija
34、ckhijackVeterinarianVeterinarianEuropeanEuropean dollardollarPreparatoryPreparatoryBreakfastBreakfast andand lunchlunchAutomobileAutomobileTelevisionTelevision broadcastbroadcastinfluenzainfluenzaOxfordOxford andand CambridgeCambridge-III.III. UsageUsage onon P45-46P45-461)1) swimmingswimming poolpo
35、ol2 2 ) ) drawingdrawing boardboard3 3 ) ) enrichedenriched MiddleMiddle EnglishEnglish4 4 ) ) disturbingdisturbing changechange5 5 ) ) fullyfully developeddeveloped prototypeprototype6 6 ) ) CannedCanned foodsfoods7 7 ) ) workingworking populationpopulation8 8 ) ) puzzlingpuzzling differencesdiffer
36、encesComprehensiveComprehensive Exs.:Exs.: I.I. clozecloze 1.1. Text-relatedText-related onon P46P461)1) computerizedcomputerized 2)2) startstart upup 3)3) bebe poisedpoised toto 4)4) alertalert 5)5) hazardshazards 6)6) monotonousmonotonous 7)7) taketake controlcontrol ofof8)8) steersteer 9)9) lanel
37、ane 10)10) decreasedecrease 11)11) calculatecalculate 12)12) eliminateeliminate13)13) gettinggetting stuckstuck inin 14)14) mountedmounted 15)15) detectdetect 16)16) vaporvapor2.2. Theme-relatedTheme-related onon P47P471)1) generatesgenerates 2)2) relatedrelated 3)3) revolutionizedrevolutionized 4)4
38、) enabledenabled 5)5) opportunitiesopportunities 6)6) overalloverall 7)manufacturing7)manufacturing8)8) dependentdependent 9)9) interactinteract 10)10) fatalitiesfatalitiesII.II. TranslationTranslation Ex.Ex. 1 1 onon P47-48P47-481)1) ThereThere waswas anan unusualunusual quietnessquietness in the a
39、ir, , exceptexcept forfor thethe soundsound ofof artilleryartillery inin thethe distance.distance.2)2) TheThe expansion ofof urbanurban areasareas inin somesome AfricanAfrican countriescountries hashas beenbeen causingcausing a a significantsignificant fallfall inin livingliving standardsstandards a
40、ndand anan increaseincrease inin socialsocial problems.problems.3)3) TheThe researchresearch showsshows thatthat atmosphericatmospheric carboncarbon dioxidedioxide levelslevels are closelyclosely correlated with globalglobal temperatures.temperatures.4)4) TheThe frequency ofof thethe busbus services
41、ervice hashas beenbeen improvedimproved fromfrom 1515 toto 1212 minuteminute recently.recently.5)5) TheThe diverdiver stoodstood onon thethe edgeedge ofof thethe divingdiving board,board, poised to jumpjump atat thethe signal fromfrom thethe coach.coach.TranslationTranslation : : Ex.Ex. 2 2 onon P48
42、P48AutomobilesAutomobiles have,have, sincesince theirtheir invention,invention, revolutionizedrevolutionized transportation,transportation, changingchanging foreverforever thethe wayway peoplepeople live,live, travel,travel, andand dodo business.business. OnOn thethe otherother hand,hand, theythey h
43、avehave broughtbrought hazards, , especiallyespecially highwayhighway fatalities.fatalities. However,However, todaytoday thethe application ofof computercomputer technologytechnology andand electronicelectronic sensorssensors inin designingdesigning andand manufacturingmanufacturing carscars makesma
44、kes itit possiblepossible toto eliminate mostmost ofof traffictraffic accidents.accidents. ForFor example,example, electronicelectronic sensorssensors mounted inin youryour carcar cancan detect alcoholalcohol vapor in the air andand refuserefuse toto start up thethe engine.engine. TheyThey cancan al
45、soalso monitormonitor roadroad conditionsconditions byby receivingreceiving radioradio signals sent out fromfrom orbiting satellites andand greatlygreatly reducereduce youryour chanceschances ofof getting stuck in traffictraffic jams.jams. UNIT3 Language Sense Enhancement on P721)1) checkedchecked w
46、ithwith 2)2) interviewinterview 3)3) grillgrill 4)4) clippingsclippings 5)5) bebe rightright forfor 6)6) followfollow upup 7)7) indicatingindicating 8 8）hand-deliveredhand-delivered 9)9) preparedprepared 10)10) prospectiveprospectiveLanguage focus Voc. Ex. 1 on P75 1)1) ruderude 2)2) physicallyphysically 3)3) structurestructure 4)4) mademade a a differencedifference 5)5) blurtedblurted (out)(out) 6)6) chucklingchuckling 7)7) MeasurableMeasur