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1、旅游业是最近二十年来在世界各地迅速发展的一个经济部门，现在正引起中国公众愈来愈大的注意。许多人给报社写信，就促进中国的旅游业的发展提出了种种建议。人们的看法是，发展旅游业将有助于促进中国人民和其他国家人民之间的相互了解、增进友谊，并将有利于文化、科学、技术方面的交流。还会有助于为中国的伟大事业积累资金。Tourism, a fast developing economic sector over the last two decades in all parts of the world, is now receiving increasing attention among the Chin
2、ese public. Many people have written to the press, making suggestions for the promotion of tourism in China. It is believed that the development of tourism will help promote mutual understanding and friendship between the people of China and other countries, and facilitate exchanges in the field of
3、culture, science and technology. Moreover, it will help accumulate funds for Chinas great cause.在中国，小学教育需要花费12年的时间来完成，分为小学、初中和高中三个阶段。小学教育持续5年或6年。在初中阶段，大多数学生上3年制初中，极少数上4年制。几乎98的学生在前一种学校入学。在小学和初中的9年教育属于义务教育。普通高中教育持续3年时间，在整个义务教育阶段，学生要求在每学期未参加期末考试。In China, primary and secondary education takes 12 years
4、 to complete, divided into primary, junior secondary and senior secondary stages. Primary education lasts either five or six years. At junior secondary stage, most have three year schooling with a tiny part of four year. Almost 98 percent of students are enrolled in the former schools. The nine year
5、 schooling in primary and junior secondary schools belongs to compulsory education. General senior secondary education lasts for three years. Throughout the whole process of compulsory education, students are required to take final examinations at the end of each semester.在中国，喝茶是一种仪式(ritual)，一种精致品味(
6、refined taste)的展示。人们在饮茶的同时，也领略着(take delight in)品茶的情趣之意。喝茶聊天是中国人中最流行的打发时间的方式。过去，他们是以进有名的茶馆(teahouse)而开始一天的生活的。中国的茶馆相当于法国的咖啡馆和英国的酒馆。人们到这里不仅是为了喝茶。也是为了议论当地的新闻或对政治话题进行激烈的(furious)争论。Tea drinking in China is a ritual and a demonstration of the refined taste. While drinking tea, people also take delight i
7、n the essence of tea itself. Chatting over a pot of tea is a very popular way of pastime among Chinese. In the past, they would start the day with a visit to a well|known teahouse. Chinese teahouses would be the equivalent of French cafes and English pubs. People come here not just for tea, but also
8、 to discuss local news or to have furious political debates.在现代社会，交通工具巳经成为了社会健康持续发展的关键因素。但令人遗憾的是，这些交通工具在为我们提供便利的同时，是 要我们付出代价的。越是发展现代交通,我们所要付出的代价也越大。 如果人类社会按照这个模式发展下去的话，将来就会付出更高的成 本，受到的打击也越大。Transportation in all modem societies has become a critical necessity for the continued well being of the comm
9、unity. Unfortunately, the development of these transportation systems has come at a price，in relation to the convenience they provide. The further society goes down that same path, the more expensive, and damaging, it will become.尽管图书的种类多种多样，但从本质上说，它们都可以被分为两大类, 即纪实题材(fact)与小说题材。有时二者之间很难辨别，因 为许多小说都是围
10、绕着(mixed)现实事件和真实人物来进行创作的。 纪实题材的书籍包括:历史书，教科书，旅行手记，手册指南(manual) 和自传(autobiography)等。There are many, many different types of books but, essentially, fliey come in two categories, fact or fiction. Sometimes it is hard to distinguish between the two, because some fiction stories are mixed around true eve
11、nt and refer to real life people. The types of books that are included in the factual category are history books, text books, travel books, manuals and autobiographies.尽管音乐对每个人来说，都再熟悉不过了，但是几乎每个人对 这门艺术都有自己的观点看法。什么音乐算是好的音乐，这是见仁 见智的。各个音乐风格都有自己的经典音乐作品流行的并不完全等 于经典的。一个好的音乐作品，是创作者(creator)和演奏者(performer) 双
12、方共同努力的结果，二者相辅相成，缺一不可。While music is familiar to virtually everyone it is an art, about which everyone has an opinion. What defines “great” music is, very much, a personal issue. There is “great” music in every style but what is popular does not always define the quality. Music is a joint effort betw
13、een the creator and the performer and one cannot exist without the other.为消费者提供所需是每一个企业成功的关键。为此，企业需要 为如何吸引并留住客户制定计划。影响这种计划的因素很多，比如 客户关系、广告、声誉、定价、性价比(value for money)以及售后服 务等。除此之外，一个企业还需要高效、经济、安全地运营，因为 这些方面是与客户和雇员直接相关的。Providing what the customer requires is the key to any successful business. To do
14、this, a business needs to have a plan for attracting, and keeping，their customers. There are several factors involved in developing a workable plan, such as, customer relations, advertising, reputation，pricing，value for money and after sales service. On top of that, businesses need to be run, effici
15、ently, economically and safely because all these aspects relate to both their customers and their employees.大熊猫(Giant Pandas),作为中国的国宝，被认为是活化石。中 国大熊猫主要生活在中国中西部和西南部，是目前濒临灭绝的物种。 换句话说，中国大熊猫的故乡是四川。四川成都大熊猫繁育和研究中心(Chengdu Panda Breeding and Research Centre) 大熊猫的家，是市区附近最大的大熊猫基地。Giant Pandas, regarded as a n
16、ational treasure of China, are considered a living fossil. Chinese Pandas mainly lives in central-western and southwest China，and is currently an endangered species. In other words, the hometown of Chinese panda is Sichuan. And Chengdu Panda Breeding and Research Centre in Sichuan home of the Panda
17、is the biggest panda base near the urban district.中医(Chinese medicine)是世界医学的遗产。中医有比西方医学 更好的治病方法。因为中医的效果和医治方式，在世界上中医现在 越来越流行了。中医起源于古代，巳经发展了很长一段时间，它收 集了治疗不同疾病的各种方法。传统中医讲究人们身体系统的平衡。 这是说，_旦人的身体系统平衡，疾病就会消失。身体系统的损害 是疾病的根源。Chinese medicine is a heritage of world medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine has a
18、 power to heal people better than the western ones. China medicine now is more and more popular in the world due to its effect and its way to heal people. Originated from the ancient time，the Chinese medicine has developed in a long time and it has collected various ways to treat different illness.
19、The traditional Chinese medicine pays attention to the balance the body system of people. It is said that once the system of people is in balance, the illness will disappear. The damage of the body system is the source of disease.孙大圣是中国古典文学名著西游记（Journey to the West)中 的一个主要的人物。他是唐僧(Tang Monk)第一个徒弟。其实
20、在中国， 他最受欢迎的名字不是“孙大圣”，而是“孙悟空”，这是教他72变 的第一个师傅给他起的名字。“悟”的意思是“启迪”。“空”的意 思是“无”，这是佛学(Buddhism)中最重要的一个认识。在佛学中， 人必须放弃欲望和所有对财富、名声的渴望，以培养自己为佛。Monkey King is one of the main characters in Chinese classic literature masterpiece “Journey to the West. He is the first disciple of Tang Monk. Actually in Chinese，his
21、 most popular name is not “Monkey King” but “Sun Wukong，which was given by his first Master who taught him the 72 supernormal abilities. “Wu” means enlightening. “Kong” means emptiness，which is one of the most important understandings in Buddhism. In Buddhism, one has to give up every human desire a
22、nd all attachments including the attachments to wealth and fame etc, in order to cultivate oneself into a Buddha.茶马古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)两边，生活着20多个少数 民族。不同的地方有着各自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比 如:大理，丽江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅鲁藏布江大峡谷和布 达拉宫(Potala Palace)。古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站(post house),古桥和木板路，还有少数民族舞蹈和民族服装。时至今天， 虽然这条
23、古道的踪迹都消失了，但它的文化和历史价值仍然存在。Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minorities. Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala P
24、alace. The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads. It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs. Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.现代人类约公元前50000年第一次从中亚或
25、印度来到中国。这 些石器时代(Stone Age)的人，居住在洞穴中，穿着毛皮。公元前 4000年左右，这些人开始种植水稻，并饲养羊和鸡。约公元前3000年， 他们开始使用陶器(pottery)并住在房子里。到公元前2000年，中国 人已进入青铜时代(Bronze Age)，并开始用于写字。约公元前700年， 中国的金属工人学会制作铁器工具和武器。Modem humans first came to China from Central Asia or India about 50,000 BC. These were Stone Age people, who lived in caves
26、and wore fur and leather. By around 4,000 BC, these people were starting to farm rice and keep sheep and chickens. By about 3,000 BC, they were using pottery and living in houses. By 2,000 BC，Chinese people had entered the Bronze Age and had begun to use writing. By about 700 BC， Chinese metal-worke
27、rs learned to make iron tools and weapons.目前，全球变暖是一个热门话题，但是有关全球变暖的各项证 据似乎还有些不同的声音。人们现在已经知道，地球的发展经历了 很多周期(cycle),尽管在历史上还未出现过像今天这样的时代，即 高度工业化(industrialization)产生如此多的污染。全球变暖主要是由 于二氧化碳气体(carbon dioxide)的增多。Global warming is the hot topic around the world at this time but, there is also dissention about
28、 the evidence being presented to support the argument. The earth is known to go through cycles; although the past has never produced an age of so much industrialization causing the pollution currently being experienced. A major source of the problem is the increase in carbon dioxide levels.中国城市化(urb
29、anization)将会充分释放潜在内需(domestic demand)。一些经济学家指出，在中国几乎所有的发展中城市都面临 着城市化的进程。这使得许多人的生活水平有所提高，也为人们提 供更多的就业机会。随着越来越多的人向城市迁徙，住房及城市基础设施建设(infrastructure construction),包括水源等能源的供应将会 成为城市发展的焦点问题。商品与服务的自由、快速流通是城市化 社会的一项基本特征。逐渐扩张的城市需要更多的零售店来满足消费者的需求。Chinas urbanization will release the full potential of domestic
30、demand. Some economists point out that urbanization is a process that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country. It will lead to a better quality of life for many people，and provide individuals with more job opportunities. The construction of housing and city infrastructure, includ
31、ing water and energy supplies, will be a focal point of urban development as more people migrate to cities. Urbanization means better access to educational and medical resources in the city. But it also predicts less use of personal vehicles and more use of public transportation. The fast, free flow
32、 of goods and services is a basic trait of an urbanized society. Expanding cities require more retail outlets to serve customers.中国一个幅员辽阔、资源丰富、历史悠久的多民族国家，每个 民族都有其独特的丰富菜肴。地域菜系在地理环境、气候、文化传 统、民族风俗和其他因素的影响下经过悠久历史的发展已经成形。 最有影响力、最具代表性的是鲁、川、粵、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽菜系， 这八种被人们称为“八大菜系”。中国的“八大菜系”是以多种多样 的烹饪方法区分的，各有其长处。China
33、 is a time-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources, and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes. Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and
34、other factors. The most influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and Hui Cuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”. Dishes in the “Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills, with each having its strong points.孔子
35、(Confucius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中国儒 学(the Ru School)思想的创始人。儒学(Confucianism)，这个道德和 宗教哲学的大系统建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教学上。冯友兰， 中国思想史上20世纪伟大的的权威之一，把孔子在中国历史上的影 响比作西方的苏格拉底。Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought. Confucianism, the great system of moral a
36、nd religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung. Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.许多刚毕业的大学生找不到工作，在校学生则担心他们的未来。 多个调查显示，三分之二的中国毕业生想在政府或者国有企业工作， 而不
37、是为中国令人瞩目的经济增长提供动力的民营企业。政府和国 有企业被认为能免受经济萧条的影响。如今几乎没有大学生愿意放 弃政府的铁饭碗而下海、加入初创企业或自己创业。Many recent college graduates cant find a job and students are fearful about their future. Two-thirds of Chinese graduates say they want to work either in the government or state-owned firms，which are seen as recession-
38、proof, rather than at the private companies that have powered Chinas remarkable economic climb, surveys indicate. Few college students today, according to the surveys, are ready to leave the safe shores of government work and jump into the sea to join startups or go into business.中国经济的高速发展，带来了消费文化的曰
39、益流行，同时也催 生了一批具有高学历，充分享受资本主义消费模式的年轻人，他 们习惯于当月工资当月花。因而被称为“月光族”(the moonlight group)。“月光族”一词出现于20世纪90年代后期，是用来讽刺那 些出身富裕、接受高等教育、充分享受快餐文化(fast food culture)的 年轻人。Chinas economy is developing very quickly, and has brought with it a culture of consumption more prevalent with each passing day. At the same ti
40、me, it has brought into being an educated group of young people who enjoy capitalist consumption way. Theyre used to spending money as soon as they get it every month, and so are calledthe moon light group”. This word came into being during the 1990s, to make fun of those born into wealth，who have r
41、eceived a high education, and who appreciate fast food culture.联合国下属机构世界旅游组织(World Tourism Organization)公 布的数据显示，中国游客对全球旅游业的贡献最大。中国人去年花 在出境游上的支出膨胀至1020亿美元，同2011年相比增长了 40%。 联合国世界旅游组织在其网站上发布的一份声明中说，这一增幅令 中国迅速超越德国和美国。后两者在之前是出境游支出最高的两个 国家。2012年德美两国出境旅游支出均同比增长6%,约840亿美元。The figures from the United Nation
42、s World Tourism Organization show that Chinese travelers are making the most contributions to the global tourism industry. Chinese travelers spent a record $102 billion on outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011. That surge sent China screaming past Germany and the U.S. the former No. 1 and
43、 No. 2 spenders, respectively 一 which both saw tourist outlays increase 6% year- on-year to around $84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a statement on its website.在中国月饼是一种特殊的食品，广受海内外华人的欢迎。中秋吃月饼就好比圣诞节吃馅饼(mince pies)。为了庆祝中秋节，中国人通常做两件事：一是观赏满月。二是品尝美味的月饼。中秋节是每年农历八月十五日。据说，这一天的月亮是一年中最圆的。而月亮正是庆贺中秋的全部主题。在中
44、国人眼中，月饼象征着全家人的大团圆。Moon cakes are a special kind of food in China. They are very popular with the Chinese at home and abroad. Moon cakes are to Mid-Autumn Festival what mince pies are to Christmas. To celebrate Mid-Autumn Festival, Chinese usually do two things: enjoy the full moon and eat delicious
45、moon cakes. Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar. It is the time when the moon is said to be at its brightest and fullest. And the moon is what this celebration is all about. In the eyes of the Chinese people, a moon cake symbolizes the reunion of all fami
46、ly members.皮影戏又称“影子戏”。它是中国著名民间戏剧形式之一。表演时艺人通常一边演唱一边操纵用兽皮或纸板制作的人物形象。它们的影子通过灯光出现在帘布上。这营造了有人物在活动的幻象。有时表演者需要控制三到四个偶人。皮影戏在我国历史悠久，元代时还曾传到世界上很多国家，迷倒了不少国外戏迷，被人们亲切地称为“中国影灯”。The shadow puppet play, also known as shadow play, is one of Chinas famous folk opera forms. During the performance, players usually sing
47、 while holing/manipulating human figures, which are made of animal skin and paper board. The shadows of those human figures are reflected on a curtain through the light. This creates the illusion of moving images. Sometimes the performer needs to control three or four puppets. Shadow puppet play enj
48、oys a long history in China. It was introduced to many countries during the Yuan Dynasty and attracted many foreign audience. They call the art form Chinese shadow play.北京是座有三千年历史的古城。早在公元前十一世纪，北京就是燕国的国都，因此北京有燕京之称。在以后的几千年里，北京又成为金、元、明、清各朝的国都。北京是中国的六大古都之一，其他五个是西安、南京、洛阳、开封和杭州。北京是座既古老又年轻的城市，有许多名胜古迹。从故宫、天
49、坛到颐和园，你们可以看到北京保留了许多昔日的风采。 Beijing is an ancient city with a history of 3,000 years. As early as the 11th century, B.C., it was the capital of the Kingdom of Yan; thats why Beijing is also known as Yanjing. In the few thousand years afterwards, Beijing again served as the capital for the Jin, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Beijing is one of Chinas six ancient capitals; the other five are Xian，Nanjing,