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1、用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句（object clause）。引导宾语从句的连词有that,whether,if;连接代词有who,whom,whose,which,what；连接副词有when,where,why,how 等。that属于从属连接词，在宾语从句中没有实际意义，只起引导从语的作用。that引导的宾语从句只能作动词的宾语从句，一般不能作介词的宾语从句。1.作及物动词及部分“动词+副词”结构的宾语从句。我们知道成功需要付出艰辛的劳动。We all know that success calls for hard work.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了。I have found ou
2、t that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.2.作sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied,sorry等形容词的宾语从句。我确信今天是星期六。Im sure that today is Saturday.真是对不起，给您带来了这么多麻烦。Im very sorry that I have troubled you so much.2.whether/if引导whether/if 在作“是否”解时引导宾语从句，常放在动词know,ask,care,w
3、onder,find out等之后。whether/if在宾语从句中不作任何成分，但含有“是否”的含义，在句中不可省略。我将尽量查出这台机器是否正常。Ill try to find out whether/if the machine is in good condition.Whether与if 在表示“是否”，引导宾语从句时常可通用。但以下情况只能用whether：1.介词后的宾语从句用whether引导。我们在讨论是否能得到这个机会。Were talking about whether we can get the chance.2.whether引导宾语从句时可以与or not连用。这
4、项工作花时间长短我不在乎。I cant care whether the work will take long or not.3.whether引导的宾语从句可置于句首。他们能否参加野餐，我不在乎。Whether they will join in the picnic I dont care.4.在不定式前，只用whether。我不知道再等一个小时还是现在就开始。I am just wondering whether to stay for another hour or just start off right away.3.连接代词引导连接代词一般指疑问，但what除了指疑问之外，也可
5、指陈述。你知道谁赢了这一局吗？Do you know who has won the game?你决定下一步该干什么了吗？Have you decided what you should do next?我不相信你所说的话。I dont believe what you said.4.连接副词引导连接副词when，where，how引导宾语从句一般表示疑问，但有时也表示陈述。连接副词在从句中作状语。汤姆没有告诉我什么时候我们再见面。Tom didnt tell me when we would meet again.我们中没有人知道南希住在哪？None of us knows where Na
6、ncy lives.我依然记得我和爷爷奶奶在乡村住过的日子。I still remember where I lived with my grandparents in the country.我依然能辨认出我十年前在这座城市居住的地方。I can tell where I lived in this city ten years ago.运用宾语从句时应注意语序、时态的呼应、从句中否定转移等问题。1 宾语从句的语序在宾语从句中需要运用陈述句语序。又没有人知道这事是如何发生的,怎么发生的？Does any know how and when it happened?2.时态的呼应宾语从句中谓语
7、动词的时态常常受到主句谓语动词的影响，因而在使用时要注意主从句两部分的时态保持一致。A.主句是现在的某种时态，从句可用任何所需的时态。玛丽告诉我她明天要到纽约去。Mary has told me that shell leave for New York tomorrow.我记得莉莉昨天给你打过电话。I remember Lily phoned you yesterday.B.主句是过去的某种时态，从句一般用过去的某种时态。我只知道克莉丝汀当时在西方一个国家读书，可不知道哪个国家。I only knew Christian was studying in a West country,but
8、I didnt know what country he was in.从句用过去完成时，表示该动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。韦恩告诉我他已经把会议的事告诉了玛丽。Wayne told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.从句谓语用过去将来时，表示该动作发生在主句谓语动词之后。记者问政府是否会采取措施结束罢工。The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to end the strike.3.从句中的否定词转移主句谓语动词是think，bel
9、ieve，expect，guess等，表示“认为、相信、期望、猜想”等意思，主句的主语是第一人称，且时态为一般现在时时，从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。其反意疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。我认为这不是杰克的过错，是吗？I dont suppose thats Jacks fault,is it?4.混合宾语从句当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等时，不按正常语序安排，将这类引导词置于句首。这时主句中的谓语动词常是think，say，believe，guess，suppose，suggest等。你认为Susan会邀请谁参加聚会。Who do you
10、 think Susan will invite to the party?你看我应该如何对付这个问题。What do you suggest I should do with this problem?宾语从句练习题宾语从句练习题从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。1.Idontknow_hewillcometomorrow._hecomes,IlltellyouA.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;Ifu解析：第一个句子是if引导的宾语从句，if意为“是否”。第二个句子是if引导的条件状语从句，if意为“如果”。主句将来时，从句一般现
11、在时。即“主将从现”。2.Idontknow_thedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomesD.whetherhellcomeu解析：whether引导的宾语从句，意为“我不知道他后天是否来”。“后天”，所以要用将来时态。在这句话中，whether可与if互换。3.Couldyoutellme_thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.whereu解析：特殊疑问句作宾语从句，意为“你能告诉我最近的医院在哪吗？”4.Couldyoutellme_theradiowithout
12、anyhelp?A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemendedu解析：特殊疑问句作宾语从句要用陈述句语序。意为：“你能告诉我他是怎样在没有帮助的情况下修好收音机的吗？”5.Doyouknowwhere_now?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didheliveu解析：宾语从句全部都用陈述句语序。6.Icantunderstand_.A.whatdoesChristmasmeanB.whatChristmasdoesmeanC.whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmas
13、means7.Doyouknowwhattime_?A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleavesu解析：“你知道火车一般几点发车吗”8Thegirlsaskedifthey_somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake9Catherinesaidthatshe_toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen10Thestudentswanttokno
14、wwhetherthey_dictionarytoday.A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are11SheaskedLindaif_goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay12Lindasaidthemoon_roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelled13.Canyoutellme_youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that14.Idontknow_theyhavepassedtheexam.A.what
15、B.ifC.whenD.where15.Ihardlyunderstand_hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who16.Shedidntknow_backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe17.Idontknow_hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when18.Pleasetellme_whatlastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyour
16、sisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked19.SheaskedmeifIknew_.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit20.Youmustremember_.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid21.Doyouknow_theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow22.Heaskedme_toldme
17、theaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose23.Theydontknow_theirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich24.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.howC.whatD.if25.Idontknow_Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.howD.where26.Weneverknow_theoldmanis.
18、Theysayheisateacher.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where27.Iwastold_BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen28.Doyouknow_?Imgoingtoseehim.Sorry,Idontknow.A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived29.Wheredoyouthink_he_thecomputer?Sorry
19、,Ihavenoidea.A.;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.does;buy30.Idontfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_thismorning.A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatthematterwasD.whatwrongwas31.WhereisJack?Heisawaytospendhisholiday.HesgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butImnotsure_.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there32.Hesaidhewouldhelpmewith
20、mymathsifhe_free.AwasBwillbeCwouldbeDis33.Hewillwritetoyouassoonashe_toShanghai.AgetsBisgettingCwillgetDshallget34.Theteachersays_shewillleaveamessageontheheadmastersdesk.AifBwhoCthatDWhat35.Ithoughthe_toseehismotherifhetime.AwillgohasBwillgowillhaveC.wouldgowouldhaveD.wouldgohad36.Theteacherdidntbe
21、ginherclass_thestudentsstoppedtalking.AuntilBbecauseCafterDWhenII.按要求转换句型。1.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?（改写句子）Couldyoutellus_Mr.Brown_livinginChina?2.Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.（变为复合句）Heaskedme_thegirl_somehelp3.Jimisnotastudent.Tomisnotastudent,either.（合并为一个句子）_Jim_Tomisastudent.4.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）Iwanttoknow_thetrain_.5.Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(用notuntil改写)They_gohome_theyhadfinishedtheirhomework6.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)LiLeiwantstoknow_Peter_hereyesterday.