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1、训练4夹叙夹议文()A(2016南昌十校模拟)Heres an amazing fact: Of the 1.1 million firefighters in the United States，about 780，000 are volunteers.Roughly a third of the population is 1 by mostly or allvolunteer fire departments.Also 2 ，perhaps.Sometimes they have to pay for their own gear (设备)I 3 this because I volun
2、teer as a firefighter in Durango，Colorado.I responded to more than 50 calls in 2014，everything from wildfires to car accidents.In that period，I spent close to $ 1，000 on the gear not 4 by my department，things like higherquality flashlights，knives，and better gloves，which make my 5 easier.In January 2
3、015，a bill was 6 in Congress that would give a significant tax break to those who volunteer their time and make 7 responses to the fire or other dangerous situations.I hope it passes，not because it will put some money in my pocket 8 thatll be nice，but because it will ease the 9 burden on volunteers
4、and acknowledge their time commitment.I believe it will 10 more people to help.And theres a(n) 11 for that.In rural areas where population density is low and 12 calls for fire and EMS services are rare，it just doesnt 13 to have career firefighters on the staff 24/7 (全天候) 14 ，volunteers are used to f
5、ill in the 15 We are ready to help someone on what is the worst day of their life. 16 we have never met before，and might never again，but it doesnt matter in a crisis. 17 volunteers，the whole system would collapse.Theres a Tshirt thats popular among us，reading “ For Pride，Not 18 ”. We volunteer becau
6、se we know our 19 need us.We dont need a small tax break.Without one，well still put on our gear when the alarm goes off without any 20 But wed appreciate one，and if it gets more people to join us，its worth it.本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在美国，一半以上的消防员都是志愿消防员。为此，政府打算通过一项法案对志愿消防员进行纳税优惠。1A.guidedBinspiredCsupportedDprote
7、ctedD消防队是保护公民的，此处指在美国，约三分之一的人受到队员大部分或全是志愿者的消防队的保护(protected)。2A.surprisingBamusingCconfusingDdisappointingA根据语境可知，此处指或许同样令人吃惊的是他们有时还得自己花钱买装备。文章首句中的“amazing”是提示。3A.predictBunderstandCproveDanalyzeB根据空后的“because I volunteer as a firefighter in Durango，Colorado”可知，因为我是志愿消防员，所以我明白(understand)这一点。4A.repl
8、acedBsuppliedCassignedDaffordedB自己花钱买的装备原本应该是由所属的消防部门提供(supplied)的。5A.actionBlifeCprojectDjobD根据语境和常识可知，救生设备会让消防员的救援工作(job)更加简单。6A.approvedBintroducedCabolishedDrevisedB根据下文中的“I hope it passes”可知，此处指的应是在国会上提交法案。introduce“将(法案)提交讨论”，符合语境。approve“赞成，批准”；abolish“废除，废止”；revise“修订”。7A.favorableBnegativeC
9、generalDimmediateD根据常识可知，消防员应第一时间对火灾或其他危险情况做出反应。immediate“立即的，即时的”，符合语境。8A.whetherBunlessCthoughDbecauseC由本空前的“not because”可知，我希望这项法案能通过，不是因为这将增加我的收入，而是因为这将减轻志愿消防员的经济(financial)负担以及承认他们在时间上的付出。此处表转折，though符合语境。9A.physicalBmentalCfinancialDsocialC参见上题解析。上文中的“they have to pay for their own gear(设备)”是暗
10、示。10A.encourageBpersuadeCrequireDallowA此处指我相信这项法案的通过将会鼓励(encourage)更多的人加入进来。文章最后一句中的“gets more people to join us”是提示。11A.purposeBnecessityCpassionDexplanationB从下文提及的一些社区的需求判断，此处指的应是(我们)需要更多的人当志愿消防员。necessity“需要，必要”。12A.absolutelyBgraduallyCrelativelyDpracticallyC在人口密度小的乡村地区，火警和EMS服务的呼叫相对较少。relativel
11、y“相对地”符合语境。13A.take the leadBmake a differenceCcome as a surpriseDmake senseD根据语境可知，在那些地区，有一周七天、一天24小时提供服务的专职消防员是不合乎情理的(make sense)。14A.OtherwiseBNeverthelessCInsteadDBesidesC根据上文中的“In rural areas where population density is low.to have career firefighters on the staff 24/7(全天候)”可知，此处指志愿消防员反而(Instea
12、d)能填补这个空缺(gap)。15.A.timeBholeCformDgapD参见上题解析。16A.EspeciallyBCertainlyCProbablyDFranklyC我们可能(Probably)，从未见过，可能也不会再见，但这都不重要。17A.Except forBBut forCIn spite ofDIn case ofB要不是(But for)志愿消防员，整个系统都会崩溃。18A.RespectBPayCSympathyDExperienceB上文说志愿消防员要自掏腰包负担装备，因此此处指这些志愿消防员不是为了钱(Pay)。19A.communitiesBneighborsCf
13、riendsDmembersA我们当志愿消防员是因为我们的社区(communities)需要我们。 20A.thoughtBwordChesitationDreasonC由空前的“Without one，well still put on our gear when the alarm goes off”可推断，此处指即使没有税收优惠，当警报响起时，我们依然会毫不犹豫地穿上装备。without any hesitation“毫不犹豫地”，符合语境。【导学号：90892069】B(2016合肥检测)After stepping out of the international plane，I r
14、ealized my 10hour sleepy voyage finally came to an end.Sitting on the bus，I was waiting anxiously for it to start.A woman，sitting next to me，and her daughter both seemed 21 She told me that her daughter had an upset stomach and would throw up continuously; 22 ，the mother had lost her 23 Apart from a
15、 significant amount of money，the purse also had her phone and a phone number of an important 24 ，a person she was travelling 90 kilometers to meet for discussing a 25 matter which had to be 26 by tomorrow morning.I handed her my cellphone without 27 and told her that she could make any call she want
16、ed.I also 28 a bottle of water I had in my bag to relieve her daughter of her 29 After making several calls，they finally 30 to the official! They turned to look at me 31 and thanked me many times.The woman tried to pay for my 32 ，but I jumped to do it before her 33 I knew she had lost her money.Next
17、 morning，I received a call from the mother，saying that they couldnt tell how much my 34 act touched them.They were so 35 that they had taken down my number to thank me.I was 36 to be thanked in this way.I never thought my simple offer 37 so much in her heart.And I thought of how many opportunities f
18、or 38 we had lost by plugging into cellphones and being disconnected 39 the reality around us something with easy access may make a big 40 to others.本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章通过讲述作者在公交车上帮助一对母女渡过难关的故事告诉我们：小小的关怀和帮助有时会对别人产生很大的影响。21A.excitedBrelaxedCunconsciousDuncomfortableD根据下文的“She told me that her daughter had a
19、n upset stomach and would throw up continuously”和“the mother had lost her 23 ”可知，这对母女都看起来很不舒服(uncomfortable)，故选D。22A.besidesBhoweverCthereforeDotherwiseA根据上下文语境可知，此处表示除此之外，这位母亲还丢了钱包，故选A。23A.phoneBaddressCpurseDluggageC参见上题解析。下文的“the purse also had her phone”是提示。24A.accountantBdoctorClawyerDofficialD
20、根据第30空后面的“the official”可知，此处指钱包里有一位重要的官员的电话，故选D。25A.simpleBpressingCpoliticalDfinancialB根据空后的“which had to be 26 by tomorrow morning”可知，这件事必须在明天上午之前解决，由此可知，这是一件紧急的事情。pressing“紧迫的，迫切的”，故选B。26A.settledBignoredCraisedDdroppedA参见上题解析。27A.doubtBpermissionCquestionDhesitationD此处表示作者毫不犹豫地把手机递给那位女士。故选D。28A.
21、producedBorderedCboughtDsoldA根据语境可知，作者从包里拿出一瓶水。produce“拿出”，故选A。29A.feverBstressCsicknessDappetiteC根据上文内容可知，作者拿出水是为了缓解那个女孩儿的胃痛，故选C。30A.came overBgot throughClooked upDturned aroundB根据语境可知，打了几个电话后，她们终于打通了那位官员的电话。get through表示“(用电话)联系上”。故选B。31A.doubtfullyBcloselyCanxiouslyDgratefullyD作者帮助了她们，她们充满感激地看着作
22、者并且感谢作者很多次。故选D。32.A.waterBofferCticketDassistanceC根据语境可知，为了感谢作者，那位女士想要为作者付车票钱，故选C。33A.sinceBifCwhileDalthoughA根据空格前后的内容，此处表示原因。故选A。34A.temporaryBgenerousCcautiousDhonestB作者慷慨的行为让她们非常感动，故选B。35A.reasonableBflexibleCconsiderateDdesperateC那对母女考虑得很周到，记下了作者的电话号码来感谢作者，故选C。36A.ashamedBastonishedCdisappointe
23、dDamusedB受到感谢后作者很吃惊，因为作者认为那只是一种简单的帮助，故选B。37A.weighedBbalancedCincreasedDrankedA作者从来没想过自己简单的帮助却在她心中产生了如此大的影响，故选A。weigh“有影响”。38A.courageBsuccessCkindnessDjusticeC根据下文意思可知，此处表示我们曾经失去过很多表达善意的机会，故选C。39A.inBbeyondCofDfromD根据上下文的意思可知，我们通常塞上耳机，与我们周围的现实脱离，从而失去了对别人表达善意的机会，故选D。40A.promiseBwishCdifferenceDgestu
24、reC此处表示一些很容易做到的事情却对别人有很重要的意义。make a difference“有影响，有作用”。故选C。【导学号：90892070】C(2016北京海淀区期末检测)RediscoveryI used to be a happy child with a loving family and many friends.I had a 41 that could brighten a cold winter day and I had a special love for life.At twelve，my life had a huge breakdown.It was then
25、that I 42 OCD(强迫症)I started to wash my hands ten times an hour，and I constantly 43 my kitchen oven to make sure that it was off.This way of life continued for four painful years，and by then，my OCD had led to depression(抑郁)I was no longer the 44 little girl I had been.In the tenth grade，I finally 45
26、to my mother that I was suffering from depression along with my OCD.My mom took me to a doctor and I started taking 46 Over a few months，the medicine did help the OCD，but I still was struggling with depression.One autumn evening，I hit rock bottom.I thought suicide(自杀) was the only 47 to my depressio
27、n problem，so I decided to write a suicide note.As I was 48 it，my eyes fell on a photo.It was a 49 of an adorable little girl，wearing her red soccer uniform and holding a bike helmet.She had a bright smile that showed she was full of life.It took me a few minutes to 50 who the girl in the photo was.T
28、he photo had been taken when I was seven years old.I almost couldnt believe that smiling child was me.I felt a chill go down my spine(脊柱)It was like my younger self had sent me a 51 Right then and there I knew I couldnt kill myself.Once I had been a strong little girl，and I had to become 52 like tha
29、t again. I tore up my suicide note and 53 that I would not rely only on my medicine.I would have to fight the depression with my mind，too.I could make myself happy again. It has been two years since I 54 myself.The real reason I am healed is that I took action and refused to let depression 55 my lif
30、e.I learned a lifelong 56 ： Never give up.Everyone has challenges in life，but everyone can 57 I am living proof of that.Now I am prepared for whatever 58 life may bring.I have a role model to 59 up to for strength，and who is guiding me 60 life.My hero is a sevenyearold girl，smiling back at me from a
31、 photo on my desk.本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过叙述患有强迫症和抑郁症的自己通过坚强的意志和实际行动再次康复的经历向读者表明，每个人在生活中都会遇到挑战，关键是不要放弃。41A.dreamBthoughtChopeDsmileD根据第一段第一句中的“I used to be a happy child”可知，此处指作者的笑容可以点亮寒冷的冬天。D项意为“微笑”，符合语境。故选D。42A.preventedBtreatedCdevelopedDdiscoveredC考查动词辨析。A项意为“阻止”；B项意为“对待”；C项意为“发展，使(出现)”；D项意为“发现”。根据上文中的“a
32、 huge breakdown”可知，作者的人生发生了巨大变化，作者患上了强迫症。此处develop可引申为“患(病)”之意，符合语境。故选C。43A.checkedBfixedCtouchedDtestedA考查动词辨析。根据上文提到的作者患有强迫症并结合本句中的“to make sure that it was off”可知，此处指作者不断地去检查厨房里的炉子是否关了。A项意为“检查”，符合语境。故选A。44A.prettyBhappyCpopularDlovelyB考查形容词辨析。A项意为“漂亮的”；B项意为“高兴的，快乐的”；C项意为“受欢迎的”；D项意为“可爱的”。根据上文“I us
33、ed to be a happy child”可知，作者曾经是一个快乐的孩子，但是由于患了强迫症和抑郁症，她不再像从前一样快乐了。故选B。45A.admittedBsuggestedCshowedDrepliedA考查动词辨析。A项意为“承认”；B项意为“建议”；C项意为“展示，表明”；D项意为“答复”。根据下文中的“My mom took me to a doctor”可知，作者向妈妈坦承自己由于强迫症而患上了抑郁症的事。故选A。46A.classesBmedicineCexerciseDnotesB考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“the medicine did help”并结合常识可知，作者
34、的妈妈带作者去看了医生后，作者开始吃医生开的药。take medicine意为“吃药，服药”。故选B。47A.responseBdoorCentranceDsolutionD考查名词辨析。A项意为“回答，答复”；B项意为“门”；C项意为“入口，进入”；D项意为“解决办法”。根据空格后的“to my depression problem”可知，此处指作者认为自杀是解决抑郁症的唯一办法。故选D。48A.postingBcopyingCfinishingDrevisingC考查动词辨析。A项意为“邮寄”；B项意为“复制，拷贝”；C项意为“完成”；D项意为“修改”。根据上文中的“I decided t
35、o write a suicide note”可知，此处表示当作者要写完遗书时，她的目光落到了一张照片上。故选C。49A.pictureBfigureCmodelDshadowA考查名词辨析。A项意为“照片，图画”；B项意为“数字，人物”；C项意为“模型，模范”；D项意为“阴影”。根据上文中的“a photo”可知，此处指那是一张可爱的小女孩的照片。故选A。50A.explainBrealizeCquestionDdescribeB考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“It took me a few minutes”可知，此处指作者花了好几分钟才意识到照片上的女孩是她自己。B项意为“意识到，认识到”，
36、符合语境。故选B。51A.giftBcardCmessageDletterC考查名词辨析。根据下句“Right then and there I knew I couldnt kill myself.”可知，此处指作者改变自杀的想法是因为这张照片，就像是小时候的自己给她传递了一个信息一样。C项意为“信息”，符合语境。故选C。52A.openBstrongClivelyDathleticB考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“Once I had been a strong little girl”及下文中的“like that again”可知，作者想再次像以前那样坚强。故选B。53A.advised
37、BdoubtedCpromisedDimaginedC考查动词辨析。A项意为“建议”；B项意为“怀疑”；C项意为“许诺，承诺”；D项意为“想象”。根据下文作者提到她不会仅仅依靠药物，她也要用自己的思想同抑郁做斗争，使自己再次快乐起来可知，此处应指这是作者对自己许下的承诺。故选C。54A.rejectedBreplacedCrecalledDrediscoveredD考查动词辨析。A项意为“拒绝”；B项意为“代替，取代”；C项意为“回忆”；D项意为“重新发现”。根据下文中的“I am healed”可知，作者痊愈了，由此结合文章标题“Rediscovery”可知，此处指从作者重新发现自己到现在已
38、经有两年了。故选D。55A.riskBabandonCruinDwasteC考查动词辨析。A项意为“冒险”；B项意为“放弃，遗弃”；C项意为“毁掉”；D项意为“浪费”。根据上文可知，作者差点因抑郁症自杀，所以此处指作者拒绝让抑郁症毁掉她的生活。故选C。56A.lessonBskillCclassDexperienceA考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“Never give up.”并结合语境可知，此处指这是作者学到的一生的经验教训。故选A，意为“经验，教训”。57A.escapeBquitCrecoverDsurviveD考查动词辨析。A项意为“逃跑”；B项意为“停止”；C项意为“恢复”；D项意为“
39、幸存，活下来”。作者通过自己的经历告诉大家：在生活中每个人都会面对挑战，但是每个人都能活下去。她自己就是一个活生生的例子。故选D。58A.adventuresBbenefitsCopportunitiesDchallengesD考查名词辨析。A项意为“冒险，奇遇”；B项意为“好处，利益”；C项意为“机会”；D项意为“挑战”。根据上文中的“Everyone has challenges in life”，可知，此处指作者准备好面对生活带来的任何挑战。故选D。59A.comeBlookCmakeDaddB考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“a role model”可知，此处指作者拥有可尊敬的榜样以获取力量。look up to意为“尊敬，敬仰”，符合语境。故选B。60A.throughBoverCacrossDfromA考查介词辨析。此处who指代前面提到的“a role model”，这个榜样引导作者度过一生。介词through意为“穿过，通过，从头到尾”，符合语境。故选A。