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1、 高考英语阅读-翻译教学讲义 2011 北京 B 1 Submission Guidelines Before sending us a manuscript(稿件),look through recent issues(刊物)of the Post to get an idea of the range and style of articles we publish.You will discover that our focus has broadened to include well-researched,timely and informative articles on fina
2、nce,home improvement,travel,humor,and many other fields.The Posts goal is to remain unique,with content that provides additional understandings on the ever-evolving American scene.In addition to feature-length(专题长度的)articles,the Post buys anecdotes,cartoons,and photos.Payment ranges from$25 to$400.O
3、ur nonfiction needs include how-to,useful articles on gardening,pet care and training,financial planning,and subjects of interest to a 45-plus,home-loving readership.For nonfiction articles,indicate any special qualifications you have for writing about the subject,especially scientific material.Incl
4、ude one or two published pieces with your article.We prefer typed articles between 1,000 and 2,000 words in length.We encourage you to send both printed and online versions.We also welcome new fiction.A light,humorous touch is appreciated.We are always in need of straight humor articles.Make us laug
5、h,and well buy it.Feature articles average about 1,000 to 2,000 words.We like positive,fresh angles to Post articles,and we ask that they be thoroughly researched.We normally respond to article submissions within six weeks.You are free to submit the article elsewhere at the same time.Please submit a
6、ll articles to Features Editor.The Saturday Evening Post,1100 Waterway Boulevard.Indianapolis.IN 46202,(317)634-1100.1.Before sending a manuscript to the Post,a contributor is advised to _.A.get a better understanding of American issues B.find out the range of the articles in the Post C.increase his
7、 knowledge in many fields D.broaden his research focus 2.To submit nonfiction articles,a contributor must _.A.provide his special qualifications B.be a regular reader of the Post C.produce printed versions D.be over 45 years old 3.From the passage we can learn that the Post _.A.allows article submis
8、sions within six weeks B.favors science articles within 2,000 words C.has a huge demand for humorous works D.prefers nonfiction to fiction articles 2013 江苏 B 2 Weve considered several ways of paying to cut in line:hiring line standers,buying tickets from scalpers(票贩子),or purchasing line-cutting priv
9、ileges directly from,say,an airline or an amusement park.Each of these deals replaces the morals of the queue(waiting your turn)with the morals of the market(paying a price for faster service).Markets and queuespaying and waitingare two different ways of allocating things,and each is appropriate to
10、different activities.The morals of the queue,“First come,first served,”have an egalitarian(平等主义的)appeal.They tell us to ignore privilege,power,and deep pockets.The principle seems right on playgrounds and at bus stops.But the morals of the queue do not govern all occasions.If I put my house up for s
11、ale,I have no duty to accept the first offer that comes along,simply because its the first.Selling my house and waiting for a bus are different activities,properly governed by different standards.Sometimes standards change,and it is unclear which principle should apply.Think of the recorded message
12、you hear,played over and over,as you wait on hold when calling your bank:“Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.”This is essential for the morals of the queue.Its as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.But dont take the recorded message too seriou
13、sly.Today,some peoples calls are answered faster than others.Call center technology enables companies to“score”incoming calls and to give faster service to those that come from rich places.You might call this telephonic queue jumping.Of course,markets and queues are not the only ways of allocating t
14、hings.Some goods we distribute by merit,others by need,still others by chance.However,the tendency of markets to replace queues,and other non-market ways of allocating goods is so common in modern life that we scarcely notice it anymore.It is striking that most of the paid queue-jumping schemes weve
15、 considered at airports and amusement parks,in call centers,doctors offices,and national parks are recent developments,scarcely imaginable three decades ago.The disappearance of the queues in these places may seem an unusual concern,but these are not the only places that markets have entered.1.Accor
16、ding to the author,which of the following seems governed by the principle“First come,first served”?A.Taking buses.B.Buying houses.C.Flying with an airline.D.Visiting amusement parks.2.The example of the recorded message in Paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates _.A.the necessity of patience in queuing B.the
17、 advantage of modern technology C.the uncertainty of allocation principle D.the fairness of telephonic services 3.The passage is meant to _.A.justify paying for faster services B.discuss the morals of allocating things C.analyze the reason for standing in line D.criticize the behavior of queue jumpi
18、ng 2010 天津 B 3 Why play games?Because they are fun,and a lot more besides.Following the rulesplanning your next move.acting as a team memberthese are all“game”ideas that you will come across throughout your life.Think about some off the games you played as a young child,such as rope-jumping and hide
19、-and-seek.Such games are entertaining and fun.But perhaps more importantly,they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives,such as taking turns and cooperating(合作).Many childrens games have a practical side.
20、Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups.For instance,some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones,which sharpens the hand-eye coordination（协调）needed in hunting.Many sports encourage national or local pride.The most famous games of all,the Oly
21、mpic Games,bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition.People who watch the event wave flags,knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country,not just the athlete who earned it.For countries experiencing natural disasters or war,an Olympic win can mean
22、so much.Sports arealso an event that unites people.Soccer is the most popular sport in the world.People on all continents play itsome for fun and some for a living.Nicolette Iribarne,a Californian soccer player,has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer.He created a foundation to provide poo
23、r children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.Next time you play your favorite game or sport,think about why you enjoy it,what skills are needed,and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.1.Through playing hide-and-seek,children are expected to learn to
24、_.A.be a team leader B.obey the basic rules C.act as a grown-up D.predict possible danger 2.The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can_.A.describe life in an exciting way B.turn real-life experiences into a play C.make learning life skills more interesting D.change peoples
25、 views of sporting events 3.According to the passage,why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging?A.It inspires peoples deep love for the country.B.It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.C.It helps the country out of natural disasters.D.It earns the winners fame and fortune.4.Iribarnes goal
26、 of forming the foundation is to _.A.bring fun to poor kids B.provide soccerballs for children C.give poor kids a chance for a better life D.appeal to soccer players to help poor kids 5.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Games benefit people all their lives.B.Sports can get all athletes togethe
27、r.C.People are advised to play games for fun.D.Sports increase a countrys competitiveness.2012 天津 C 4 The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past.With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphone,writing by hand has become
28、 something of nostalgic(怀旧的)skill.However,while todays educators are using more and more technology in their teaching,many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful-both in school and in life.Virginia Berninger,professor of educational psychology at the Unive
29、rsity of Washington,says its important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand.Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks-both on a computer and by hand.The study,published in
30、 2009,found that when writing with a pen and paper,participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.In a more recent study,Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a students writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how
31、 well they can write.“Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us access our vocabulary,word meaning and concepts.It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.”Berninger said.Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then
32、 to transcribe(转换)“those words in the mind written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen,”the study said.Seeing the words in the“minds eye”helps children not only to turn their ideas into words,says Berninger,but also to spot(发现)spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct then
33、over time.“In our computer age,some people believe that we dont have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,”she said.“But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level,they wont have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the c
34、omputer.”1.What makes writing by hand a thing of the past?A.The absence of blackboard in classroom.B.The use of new technologies in teaching.C.The lack of practice in handwriting.D.The popular use of smartphones.2.Berningers study published in 2009 _.A.focused on the difference between writing by ha
35、nd and on a computer.B.indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper.C.found that good essays are made up of long sentences.D.discussed the importance of writing speed.3.Which of the following best shows the role of spelling?A.Spelling improves ones memory of words.B.Spelling ability
36、is closely related to writing ability.C.Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas.D.Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas.4.What does“minds eye”in paragraph 5 mean?A.Window.B.Soul C.Picture.D.Imagination.5.What conclusion could be drawn from the passage?A.Computers c
37、an help people with their choice of words.B.Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching.C.Handwriting still has a place in todays classrooms.D.Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade.2013 湖北 C 5 Weve reached a strangesome would say unusualpoint.While fighting world hung
38、er continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization(WHO),more people now die from being overweight,or say,from being extremely fat,than from being underweight.Its the good life thats more likely to kill us these days.Worse,nearly l8 milli
39、on children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.Whats going on?We really dont have many excuses for our weight problems.The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting throughup to a point.In the
40、1970s,Finland,for example,had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.Not any more.A public-health campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 per cent over the past three decades.Maybe that explains why the percentage of peopl
41、e in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005,and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body.That has become a sort of fashion.No wonder it ranks as the worlds most body-conscious country.We know what we should be doing to lose weightbut actuall
42、y doing it is another matter.By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise.More than half of us admit we lack willpower.Others blame good food.They say:its just too inviting and it makes them overeat.Still others lay the blame on the Americans,complaining that pounds have piled on tha
43、nks to eating too much American-style fast food.Some also blame their parentstheir genes.But unfortunately,the parents are wronged because theyre normal in shape,or rather slim.Its a similar story around the world,although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.Parents are eager
44、 to see their kids shape up.Do as I saynot as I do.1.What is the“strange”point mentioned in the first sentence?A.The good life is a greater risk than the bad life.B.Starvation is taking more peoples lives in the world.C.WHO report shows peoples unawareness of food safety.D.Overweight issue remains u
45、nresolved despite WHOs efforts.2.Why does the author think that people have no excuse for being overweight?A.A lot of effective diet pills are available.B.Body image has nothing to do with good food.C.They have been made fully aware of its dangers.D.There are too many overweight people in the world.
46、3.The example of Finland is used to illustrate _.A.the cause of heart disease B.the fashion of body shaping C.the effectiveness of a campaign D.the history of a body-conscious country 4.Which would be the best title for the passage?A.Actions or Excuses?B.Overweight or Underweight?C.WHO in a Dilemma
47、D.No Longer Dying of Hunger 2013 江西 C 6 Many people think that listening is a passive business.It is just the opposite.Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work.It is because they do not realize this,or because they are not willing to do the work,that most people do not lis
48、ten well.Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else.An essential part of listening well is the rule known as bracketing.Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires,to experience as far as possible someone elses world from th
49、e inside,stepping into his or her shoes.Moreover,since listening well involves bracketing,it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person.Sensing this acceptance,the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener.True communication is under w
50、ay.The energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.Most of the time we lack this energy.Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well,what we are usually doing is