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1、2021 届北京市第十五中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A The Orchard I had a very nice meal at the Orchard restaurantThe food was lovely and the service was quite goodWe chose to eat in the garden which was full of beautiful flowers and very rel
2、axingThe only disappointment was the dessert the apple piewas far too sweet and it was cold tooApart from that it was an enjoyable eveningAs for the price what a bargain，excellent value for money！Park Inn The best thing about Park Inn was the service it was excellentThere was a warm welcome when we
3、arrived and the waiters were very helpful all eveningHowever，the food wasnt as goodThe menu looked interesting but the meals were rather tastelessIts not a cheap restaurant and I wasnt happy to pay so much for boring food Richards Place When we enteredthe restaurant，we were surprised by the lovely i
4、nterior(内部的)design of itSo stylish，so modern！This is one of the most popular restaurants in town and its very easy to see whyThe food was great and excellent value for money but it was ruined by very，very poor service！TheRiverside It was lovely sitting outside and looking over the riverThere were lo
5、ts of little lanterns(灯笼)and color1 ed lights everywhere and it all looked very prettyThe food was good，nothing very special but quite tastyThe service was OK;we didnt have to wait too long for our food but the waiter never looked very happy！Its quite an expensive place but with the view I think its
6、 quite good value for money 1.In which restaurant can customers eat in the garden？A.Park Inn B.TheOrchard C.The Riverside D.Richards Place 2.What makes the customers of Park Inn most satisfied？A.The food B.The price C.The service D.The environment 3.In Richards Place，customers can _ A.receive good s
7、ervice B.enjoy its moderndesign C.listen to wonderful music D.enjoy the beauty of a river B Your best friend that follows you around when the sun comes out-your shadow-doesnt serve an important function like your heart or brain,but what if you could use shadows to create electricity?When using solar
8、 panels(电池板)that are powered by light,shadows can be boring because it means electricity cant be created.However,researchers from the National University of Singapore have engineered a way to create power from the shadows present everywhere.A team of the university created a machine that can collect
9、 energy from shadows.It is created by placing a thin coating of gold onto silicon(硅).Like in a normal solar panel,when put in light,the silicon electrons(电子)become energized and the energized electrons then jump from the silicon to the gold.The voltage(电压)of the part of the machine that is placed in
10、 the light increases to the dark part and the electrons in the machine flow from high to low voltage.They are sent through an external circuit(外电路)creating a current that can be used to power another machine.The greater the contrast between light and dark,more energy is provided by the machine.The t
11、eam isworking on improving the performance of the machine,borrowing approaches from solar panels to gather light.Increasing the amount of light the machines can receive allows them to better make use of shadows,as well as developing shadow energy collecting panels that can successfully gather from i
12、ndoor lighting.The team is also researching the use of other materials other than gold to drop the price of the machine,meaning they would be more cost effective and easier to apply in society.Shadows are present everywhere and perhaps one day in the future we will be able to collect energy from the
13、m by placing the shadow-effect energy machine around the world in places that have been considered unfit for solar panels to work,or indoors.“A lot of people think that shadows are useless,”Tan says,but“anything can be useful,even shadows.”4.What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?A.Your best friend always
14、 stays with you after the sunrise.B.The shadow has the same function as the heart and brain.C.Shadows can stop solar panels from creating electricity.D.Researchers have found a way to create power from shadows.5.What is the key working principle of the machine mentioned in the text?A.The silicon pro
15、duces electricity when it is in the light.B.The gold produces power with the help of the silicon.C.The energized electrons flow from high to low voltage.D.An external circuit creates current using another machine.6.How does the team improve the performance of the machine?A.Using solar panels in the
16、machine.B.Increasing the amount of light received.C.Developing light energy collecting panels.D.Bringing down the price of gold.7.Which of the following is the best place to apply the machine?A.A gym.B.A park.C.A farm.D.A playground.C Ive long believedthat positive living isnt about being optimistic
17、 every minute of every day.That kind of permanently happy state cant be the goal,because its impossible to achieve.It turns out that psychological research finds true happiness comes from authentic positivity,and authentic positivity comes from emotional flexibility.Being flexible emotionally means
18、being open to the full range of emotional experiences,including the challenging ones like anger,disappointment and sadness.Emotional flexibility means being able to shift behaviors and mindsets to meet different situational needs,and adapting when circumstances change.However,emotionally flexible pe
19、ople are not chameleons(变色龙)whose outlook changes based on which way the wind is blowing.Instead,emotional flexibility is a skill that helps people judge the complexities of daily life,and stick to their deeply held values.Ive learned a new word that Id like to share with you:Eudaimonia(幸福感).Eudaimo
20、nia is the opposite of hedonism(享乐主义),the idea that happiness comes from the constant pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain.Eudaimonia,by contrast,encourages us to pursue meaning and authenticity,growth and honest joy.Both are philosophical approaches to happiness,and recent psychological though
21、t is leaning toward eudaimonia as a more sustainable,satisfying model.Eudaimonia was first mentioned by Aristotle,who got the term from the Greek word“daimon,”which means“true nature.”Tome,walking a positive path means accepting that we each have positive true nature and permanent goodness.What we l
22、earn from the concept of eudaimonia is that we are best equipped to realize this nature when we are emotionally honest and flexible.8.What is the authors belief?A.People should live alone.B.People cant always be happy.C.People cant always achieve their goals.D.People should pursue true achievements.
23、9.What do enmotionally flexible people commit themselves to?A.Their strongly believed values.B.Their different needs.C.Permanent happiness.D.The pursuit of hedonism.10.How can people gain eudaimonia according to the author?A.By being honest to others.B.By changing true nature.C.By keeping realstical
24、ly optimistic.D.By pursuing pleasure constantly.11.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A.What is the meaning of eudaimonia?B.What should we do to keep positive?C.How can we keep happy forever?D.Why cant people be happy all the time?D My family and I never talked about school as t
25、he ticket to a future.I was in theclassroom,but I wasnt there to learn to write,read or even speak.When it was my turn to read,I wanted to hide.I was 13 years old,but I already hated being who I was.I had an English teacher,Mr.Creech,who knew I couldnt read.In one of my first lessons the teacher sai
26、d that anyone who had a reading age below six had to stand up.I felt so embarrassed.But at the same time,it made me realize that I needed to change the situation.I was determined it wouldnt happen again.Later that day,Mr.Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to rea
27、d.From then on,I never gave up practicing reading.Then when I was 41 years old,one day,I planned to fly back toTexasto visit my friends and family.On my way from the airport,I saw Mr.Creech buying himself a drink.I rushed over and reached into my pocket to pay for him.“Do I know you？”he asked.“Yes,s
28、ir,you do know me，”I answered excitedly.“My name is Anthony Hamilton.You taught me English.”The look on his face told me that he remembered the boy hed once encouraged.“Im so glad I had a chance to see you，”I said.“And Mr.Creech,I have great news to share.”I told him I had learned to read.But that w
29、asnt all.I had become a published author and an active speaker.“The next time you get another Anthony Hamilton in your classroom,please encourage him to read as well，”I added.The experts say what once worried me has a name：dyslexia(诵读困难).But I can tell you it was a lack of desire for education.12.Wh
30、y did the author want to hide?A.Because he felt sorry for himself.B.Because he hated being laughed at.C.Because he couldnt read at all.D.Because he didnt have a ticket.13.Which of the following could best describe Mr.Creech?A.Considerate and dutiful.B.thoughtful and enthusiastic.C.Emotional and devo
31、ted.D.Friendly and wise.14.Why couldnt the author read before meeting Mr.Creech?A.Because his reading age was not long enough.B.Because his parents didnt teach him how to read.C.Because he was afraid of reading before the class.D.Because he didnt have inner driving force to learn to read.15.What can
32、 we infer from the passage?A.Mr.Creech taught two students called Anthony Hamilton.B.The author had become a published author and an active speaker.C.Dyslexia was just the reason that made the author unable to read.D.The author was grateful to Mr.Creech.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以
33、填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 In the early decades of the Peoples Republic ofChinafounded in 1949,due to the underdeveloped transportation and communication system,it was hard for people living and working far away from their hometown to visit their families or stay in touchregularly.So to enable people to
34、 get together with their near and dear ones at least once a year,_16_.It was decided that every year,a married couple could have family leave for 30 days to see each other_17_;if they lived together,they could have 20 days to visit their parents every four years._18_.A regulation was issued in 1958
35、and the system was improved through more regulation in the early 1980s.However,nowadays,thanks to the rapid development of transport and communication means,its much easier for people to either contact their dear ones frequently or visit them,_19_.Besides,as the family leave scheme covers only those
36、 who work in government departments and state-owned enterprises,it is increasingly being regarded as an outdated practice and a privilege enjoyed by a small group of people._20_.While this is backed by those who dont have family leave,it is strongly opposed by those who do.Also,some say that the iss
37、ue is not whether family leave should be canceled;insteadChinas current holiday and leave system should be reformed in entirely.A.they choose to live together B.if they lived in different places C.the family leave was introduced D.no matter how far away they are E.Single people could enjoy 20 days l
38、eave annually to visit their parents F.There are suggestions that the system should be canceled to keep up with the times G.For employees with children regular use of family leave was to increase life satisfaction.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空
39、白处的最佳选项 Steve was a seventh grader,a big boy,looking more like a teenager than a 12yearold.Yet,he went unnoticedhe had been_21_every examination since first gradeuntil Miss Wilma appeared.In the middle of the first semester of school,the entire seventh grade was_22_for basic skills.“You all did pret
40、ty well，”Miss Wilma told the class after going over the_23_，“except for one boy.And it_24_my heart to tell you this,but.”she_25_，“the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.”Steve_26_his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.After that,Steve still wouldnt do his homework.Even if
41、Miss Wilma_27_punished him,he remained_28_.“Steve,please!I care about you！”_29_,Steve got it!“Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”One Monday a couple of weeks later,Miss Wilma gave a_30_onthe weekend homework.Steve_31_through the test and was the first to hand in his paper.With a look of_32_，Miss Wilma took hi
42、s paper and began to look it over.Miss Wilmas face was in a_33_shock!She glanced up at Steve,then_34_，then up.The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!From that moment,nothing was the same for Steve.He discovered that not only could he remember and understand_35_,but he c
43、ould translate what he learned into his life.He became_36_.After high school,Steve enlisted in the Navy,and he had a(n)_37_military career.During his naval years,he inspired many young people who might not have_38_themselves without him.A_39_took place within the heart of a boy all because of one te
44、acher,who_40_about him.21.A.missing B.failing C.passing D.skipping 22.A.tested B.classified C.separated D.dismissed 23.A.questions B.effects C.lessons D.results 24.A.fills B.presses C.breaks D.destroys 25.A.shouted B.hesitated C.interrupted D.laughed 26.A.dropped B.raised C.covered D.closed 27.A.str
45、angely B.steadily C.severely D.secretly 28.A.helpless B.stubborn C.flexible D.crazy 29.A.Commonly B.Unwillingly C.Particularly D.Suddenly 30.A.quiz B.chance C.speech D.presentation 31.A.slept B.looked C.lived D.hurried 32.A.disappointment B.surprise C.satisfaction D.inspiration 33.A.bitter B.total C
46、.precious D.ridiculous 34.A.down B.away C.out D.back 35.A.homework B.grades C.knowledge D.subjects 36.A.outstanding B.lazy C.rough D.troublesome 37.A.tiring B.ordinary C.hardworking D.successful 38.A.relied on B.looked after C.turned to D.believed in 39.A.competition B.choice C.change D.campaign 40.
47、A.waited B.listened C.wished D.cared 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The importance of a second language,which refers to English in most cases inChina,cant be over emphasized as the country becomes_41._(increase)integrated with the rest of the world.My generation is t
48、he one that is influenced by Western culture greatly.After I entered university and_42._(choose)English as my major,knowledge of English helped me have access to Western music,arts,history,politics,economy and natural landscape so that I could better understand the_43._(diverse)o this planet._44._la
49、nguage has also helped me experience and understand other cultures.My job involved business trips abroad,and the first country I visited wasEgypt,_45._most people could speak some English.I bought perfume and Hijab(头巾)from the local market;I had a kebab(烤肉串)in a restaurant by the Nile；I rode on a ca
50、mel near Khufu Pyramid;I toured Egyptian Museum,_46._(visit)sarcophagus,mummies and the Face of Tutankham which are very famous in the world.What a wonderful and_47._(forget)experience!Without English I had no way_48._(order)meals,buy tickets,bargain with peddlers,not to mention that I could underst