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1、2021 届天津市津南区小站第一中学高三英语第三次联考试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A No one knows when the first printing press was invented or who invented it.but the oldest known printed text originated in China during the first millennium(千年)AD.The Diamond Sutra(
2、金刚经),a Buddhist book from Dunhuang,China during the Tang Dynasty,is said to be the oldest known printed book.The Diamond Sutrawas created with a method known as block printing(雕版印刷),which used boards of hand-carved wood blocks in reverse.It was said that the moveable type was developed by Bi Sheng.H
3、e was fromYingshan,Hubei,China,living from 970 to 1051 AD.His method replaced panels of printing blocks with moveable individual Chinese characters that could be reused.The first moveable Chinese Characters were carved into clay and baked into hard blocks that were then arranged onto an iron frame t
4、hat was pressed against an iron plate.The earliest mention of Bi Shengs printing press is in the bookDream Pool Essays,written in 1086 by Shen Kuo,who noted that his nephews came into possession of Bi Shengs typefaces(字体)after his death.Shen Kuo explained that Bi Sheng did not use wood because the t
5、exture is inconsistent(不一致的)and absorbs wetness too easily.By the time of the Southern Song Dynasty,which ruled from 1127 to 1279 AD,books had become popular in society and helped create a scholarly class of citizens who had the capabilities to become civil servants.Large printed book collections al
6、so became a status symbol for the wealthy class.1.When was Bi Shengs printing press first introduced in history?A.After Bi Sheng died and his nephews owned his typefaces.B.When books became popular in the Southern Song Dynasty.C.After the block printing was replaced by the moveable type printing.D.W
7、henThe Diamond Sutrawas printed into a book.2.What can we infer from the passage?A.Shen Kuo made great contributions to printing.B.The moveable type printing was invented earlier than block printing.C.Printed books were hard to get in the Song Dynasty.D.By the Southern Song Dynasty,books had helped
8、people get to higher social positions.3.Why does the author write this passage?A.To show that Buddhism was popular in the Tang Dynasty.B.To introduce the early history of printing.C.To memorize Bi Sheng,developing the moveable type printing.D.To indicate the advantages of moveable type printing.B A
9、world in which extinct creatures could be brought back to life came a step closer yesterday.Australian scientists have managed to extract a gene from a preserved sample of a Tasmanian tiger and make it active.Thebreakthroughhas left them dreaming that one day they will be able to recreate the animal
10、,which died out more than 70 years ago.And if it can be done with the Tasmanian tiger,it may also be possible to resurrect(复活)creatures that have been extinct for far longer.“There used to be a time when extinction meant forever,but no more,”said Professor Mike Archer.“We are now able to seriously c
11、hallenge whether those animals that have gone for ever.What has been achieved is a very important step in bringing back those animals that are extinct.And while I think that technically it is still pretty difficult at the moment,we can now see the possibilities.Im personally convinced that the Tasma
12、nian tiger will be brought back to life in my lifetime.”The breakthrough came after nine years of experiments by scientists at the University of Melbourne,who extracted a gene from one of several tigers preserved in alcohol in a Melbourne museum.They removed the equivalent gene from a mouse embryo i
13、mplanted the tiger gene and then watched as the mouse continued to grow normally,suggesting the tiger gene had been activated.Team leader Dr.Andrew Pask said it was the first time DNA from an extinct species had been used to“induce(引起)a functional response in another living organism”.However,the ani
14、mals entire gene structure would have to be revived in the same way to even begin the possibility of bringing the Tasmanian tiger back from the dead.Mick Mooney,a wildlife officer ofthe Tasmanian Government,was worried that such developments could encourage peoples indifference to the protection of
15、endangered species.“If people think that we can bring animals back to life after theyve gone,they will start saying that there is nothing to worry about because we can fix it up later.”4.What does the underlined word“breakthrough”in the l paragraph refer to?A.Scientists have recreated new animals.B.
16、Scientists have resurrected endangered animal.C.It has turned out that some creatures would not go extinct.D.A tiger gene has been extracted successfully and activated.5.Scientists are carrying out the experiments in order to _.A.bring extinct animals back to life B.transplant the genes of tigers in
17、to other animals C.find out what factors lead to the animals extinction D.find a new way to extract animals DNA 6.Mike Archer thinks that _.A.scientists now have no technological difficulty reconnecting extinct animals B.itll be a century or so before a Tasmanian tiger walks on the earth again C.hum
18、ans have come closer in reconnecting extinct animals D.reconnecting extinct animals is impossible 7.We can learn from Mick Mooncys words that_.A.he thought it unnecessary to worry about endangered animals B.his opinion is in contrast with that of the Tasmanian Government C.he thought people should b
19、e encouraged to protect endangered animals D.he is concerned that bringing extinct animals back to life may have a negative effect C Saroo Brierley,a 4-year-old boy,livedin ruralIndia.One day,he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep.When he woke up,he found himself alone.So he
20、got on the train in front of him to search for his brother.That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city.He lived on the streets,and then in an orphanage(孤儿院),where he was adopted by an Australian family and taken to Tasmania.Brierley is a famous writer now,and in
21、 his new book,A Long Way Home,he wrote he couldnt help but wonder about his hometown back inIndia.He remembered landmarks,but since he didnt know his towns name,finding a small neighborhood in a vast country seemed impossible.Then he found a digital mapping program.He spent years searching for his h
22、ometown in the programs satellite pictures.In 2011,he came across something familiar.He studied it and realized he was looking at a towns central business district from a birds-eye view.He thought,“On the right-hand side you should see the three-platform train station”and there it was.“And on the le
23、ft-hand side you should see a big fountain”and there it was.Everything matched!Standing in front of the house where he grew up as a child,he saw a lady standing at the entrance.It took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.In an interview Brierley says,“My mother cam
24、e forth and walked forward,and I walked forward,my eyes filled with tears and my brain blank.I just didnt know what to say,because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true.And here I am,standing in front of her.”8.Why did Brierley get on the train when he was a little boy?A.To go back t
25、o his home.B.To look for his brother.C.To travel toTasmania.D.To follow a stranger.9.What made it difficult for Brierley to find his hometown?A.The vast area ofIndia.B.The fact that he was nobody then.C.His not remembering the towns name.D.The distance betweenAustraliaand his hometown.10.How did Bri
26、erley find his hometown?A.By studying digital maps.B.By analyzing old pictures.C.By travelling all aroundIndia.D.By spreading his story via his book.11.Whats the best title of the passage?A.Love for Mother B.Union with Brother C.Memory of Hometown D.Long Way back Home D Did you know people who live
27、in different parts ofChinahave different habits and preferences?For example,people from southernChinaprefer to eat vegetables,while people from northChinalike to eat meat.According to a new study in a journal,gene variations(变异)might be responsible for these differences.Researchers fromChinas BGI co
28、llected genetic information from 141,431 Chinese women,who came from 31 provinces and consisted of 36 ethnic minority groups.They found that natural selection has played an important role in the ways that people living in different regions of China have developed,affecting their food preferences,imm
29、unities(免疫力)to illness and physical features.A variation of the gene FADS2 is more commonly found in northern people.It helps people metabolize(新陈代谢)fatty acids,which suggests a diet that is rich in flesh.This is due to climate differences.Northern Chinais at a higher latitude.This weather is diffic
30、ult to grow vegetables in.Therefore,northerners tend to eat more meat.The study also found differences in the immune systems of both groups.Most people in southernChinacarry the gene CR1,which protects against malaria.Malaria was once quite common in southernChina.In order to survive,the genes of pe
31、ople in the south evolved to fight against this disease.However,people in the south are also more sensitive to certain illnesses,as they lack the genes to stop them.Genes can also cause physical differences between northerners and southerners.Most northerners have the ABCC11 gene,which causes dry ea
32、rwax,less body smell and fewer sweats.These physical differences are also more beneficial to living in cold environments.Southerners are less likely to have this gene,as it did not develop in their population.12.What did the new study focus on?A.Regions.B.Eating habits.C.Gene variations.D.Ethnic min
33、ority groups.13.What is the main function of the gene FADS2?A.It helps store fat.B.It helps digest meat.C.It helps gain weight.D.It helps treat an illness.14.According to the study,most northerners _.A.sweat less frequently B.are immune to malaria C.prefer vegetables to meat D.are more sensitive to
34、climates 15.How many differences did the study find related to genes?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 How to Reduce Food Waste Food waste is a huge problem in many countries._16_.Here are four simple ways to start reducing your food was
35、te at home today.Make a plane.Before you shop for groceries,think about exactly what you need for the week,make a list and then stick to it._17_.-we throw things in the shopping cart that sound good or look novel,and then we let them sit in the back of the fridge for a few weeks.When food does go ba
36、d,take stock.What are you already buying too much of?What are you always throwing away?Then you can use that information to be a more conscious shopper during your next trip to the grocery store._18_.Once you know what youll still need to buy,write the items down with exact numbers,like“enough for t
37、hree lunches.”Its also helpful to think about whether youll be eating out during the coming week and,if so,how many times.So be realistic about your schedule for the week as youre doing your planning,and cut down accordingly on the amount you buy.Your fridge is your friend.If you realize that you wo
38、nt be able to use food before its too late,turn to the trusty fridge._19_.Besides,Freezing food helps lock in its flavor and nutrients,so the next time you find those perfect strawberries for your summer picnic,dont throw the leftovers.Bag it,date it and put in the fridge before its too late.Try Ye
39、compost(堆肥)food.No matter how careful you are,youll always hive a few vegetable wastes，apple cores and eggshells.Even organic matter breaks down very slowly.The result is a whole lot of methane,which warms the earth even more than carbon dioxide.A great wayto reduce food waste impact is lo compost i
40、tems instead of throwing them in the trash._20_.A.Limit the quantities.B.Cut down the food intake.C.But many of us are“emotional consumers”.D.The good news:Each of us,can help solve it.E.People are starving for being short of enough food.F.Think of this as an approach of recycling your food waste.G.
41、No one would throw away anything that had a two hundred dollar value to it.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I was working on a novel based on the lives of chimpanzees(黑猩猩).To_21_them,I read every book written by Dr.Jane Goodall.One day,whi
42、le visiting the website about chimpanzees,I_22_the chance to complete a six month internship(实习)with the Jane Goodall Institute(JGI)in Tanzania._23_having a full time job,I knew I had to go.I was offered an unpaid internship after_24_.But then my logical mind jumped in,“You cant_25_.What are you goi
43、ng to do with your house and your life?”The_26_were continuous,so I hesitated.I wanted answers to my questions about why this trip_27_so much to me,why I had so much_28_and what would happen if I let go of my_29_version of life.I did have answers in my heart that helped me walk through my fear and t
44、ake on a new_30_.So after several weeks struggle,I_31_made my decision.I drove to my company headquarters and_32_.Soon I boarded a plane toTanzania.On the trip,my heart pounded with_33_ unsure of what Id find at my_34_.During my six-month internship,I slowly_35_my soul.I met wonderful friends and co
45、mpleted several community projects for JGI.I also visited Gombe which is home to chimpanzees and the_36_staff there who offered to take us for chimpanzee tracking.So much happened during my stay and all of it_37_the most wonderful unfolding of life lessons.Ill always carry the lessons and the light
46、of those_38_in my heart.I experienced immeasurable_39_in learning how to listen to the desires of my soul and how to defeat fear,and being_40_to something new.21.A.understand B.accept C.comfort D.accompany 22.A.gave up B.came across C.put forward D.broke down 23.A.By comparison with B.Instead of C.I
47、n addition to D.Regardless of 24.A.struggling B.promising C.applying D.begging 25.A.leave B.escape C.refuse D.hesitate 26.A.predictions B.answers C.comments D.whispers 27.A.introduced B.lent C.meant D.explained 28.A.regret B.fear C.disappointment D.shyness 29.A.unique B.uncertain C.important D.prese
48、nt 30.A.scene B.debate C.adventure D.habit 31.A.eventually B.instantly C.suddenly D.randomly 32.A.apologized B.resigned C.applauded D.swore 33.A.curiosity B.relief C.shame D.nervousness 34.A.destination B.heart C.home D.situation 35.A.recognized B.evaluated C.filled D.confirmed 36.A.smart B.kind C.c
49、lumsy D.selfish 37.A.dealt with B.mixed up C.disagreed with D.contributed to 38.A.memories B.wishes C.choices D.sufferings 39.A.interest B.difficulty C.growth D.desire 40.A.equal B.open C.true D.blind 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The geography of theArctic Circlema
50、kes it a tough place to call home.In the winter,the nights_41._（length）until the sun barely shines.In the extreme north,the ground is permanently frozen.The hardy Inuit（因纽特人）_42._（be）the native people of northern Alaska,Canada and Greenland._43._（traditional）,they hunted Arctic animals for food,espe