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1、第4章1CFR工作、费用、风险划分(简略）工作风险费用卖方1、租船订舱，将货物送交到装运港船只上2、将装船情况及时通知买方3、办理出口报关手续1、承担货物装上船只之前的风险1、承担货物装上船只之前的费用,2、承担装港到港运费买方1、办理进口报关手续1、承担货物装上船只之后的风险1、承担货物装上船只之后的费用，不包括装港到港运费第4章2使用CFR的注意事项 1.船险衔接卖方应尽早将装船情况通知买方，以便买方及时投保 2.CFR的变形（租船运输时，卸船费用的划分）CFR liner terms CFR班轮条件，卖方承担卸船费用CFR landed CFR卸至岸上 卖方承担卸船费用CFR ex ta
2、ckle CFR吊钩下交货 卖方承担卸船费用 （船舶不能靠岸时，不含驳船费用）CFR ex ships hold CFR舱底交货 买方承担卸船费用3.CFR 的别名 CFR=C&F=CNF=C and F第4章3Cost,Insurance and FreightCIF(insert named port of destination,插入指定目的港)Incoterms 2010例4.3 CIF Los Angeles,USA Incoterms 2010简略定义：CIF是指，卖方安排船只、投保，支付装运港到目的港运费及保费，在指定装运港交货。货物装上船只时，风险从卖方转移到买方。CIF仅适用
3、于船舶运输第4章4CIF defined in INCOTERMS 2010“Cost,Insurance and Freight”means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel or procures the goods already so delivered.The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel.The seller must contract for and pay the
4、costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination.The seller also contracts for insurance cover against the buyers risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.The buyer should note that under CIF the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum
5、cover.Should the buyer wish to have more insurance protection,it will need either to agree as much expressly with the seller or to make its own extra insurance arrangements.第4章5Remarks on the above definition 1/2This rule is to be used only for sea or inland waterway transport.When CPT,CIP,CFR or CI
6、F are used,the seller fulfils its obligation to deliver when it hands the goods over to the carrier in the manner specified in the chosen rule and not when the goods reach the place of destination.This rule has two critical points,because risk passes and costs are transferred at different places.Whi
7、le the contract will always specify a destination port,it might not specify the port of shipment,which is where risk passes to the buyer.If the shipment port is of particular interest to the buyer,the parties are well advised to identify it as precisely as possible in the contract.The parties are we
8、ll advised to identify as precisely as possible the point at the agreed port of destination,as the costs to that point are for the account of the seller.The seller is advised to procure contracts of carriage that match this choice precisely.If the seller incurs costs under its contract of carriage r
9、elated to unloading at the specified point at the port of destination,the seller is not entitled to recover such costs from the buyer unless otherwise agreed between the parties.Remarks on the above definition 2/2The seller is required either to deliver the goods on board the vessel or to procure go
10、ods already so delivered for shipment to the destination.In addition,the seller is required either to make a contract of carriage or to procure such a contract.The reference to“procure”here caters for multiple sales down a chain(string sales),particularly common in the commodity trades.CIF may not b
11、e appropriate where goods are handed over to the carrier before they are on board the vessel,for example goods in containers,which are typically delivered at a terminal.In such circumstances,the CIP rule should be used.CIF requires the seller to clear the goods for export,where applicable.However,th
12、e seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import,pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities.第4章6第4章7CIF工作、费用、风险划分(简略）工作风险费用卖方1、租船订舱，将货物送交到装运港船只上2、购买海运保险3、办理出口报关手续1、承担货物装上船只之前的风险1、承担货物装上船只之前的费用,2、承担装港到港运费、保险费买方1、办理进口报关手续1、承担货物装上船只之后的风险1、承担货物装上船只之后的费用，不包括装港到港运费、保险费第4章8使用CI
13、F的注意事项 1.CIF的风险界线与FOB相同，因此，从“风险界线”的角度来看，CIF价格并不是“到岸价格”2.CIF的变形（租船运输时，卸船费用的划分）CIF liner terms CIF班轮条件，卖方承担卸船费用CIF landed CIF卸至岸上 卖方承担卸船费用CIF ex tackle CIF吊钩下交货 卖方承担卸船费用 （船舶不能靠岸时，不含驳船费用）CIF ex ships hold CIF舱底交货 买方承担卸船费用第4章9FOB、CFR、CIF对比交货地点运输方式风险界线租船订舱投保支付运费支付保费交货性质FOB装运港海洋运河装运港船只买方买方实际交货CFR装运港海洋运河装运
14、港船只卖方卖方象征性交货CIF装运港海洋运河装运港船只卖方卖方卖方卖方象征性交货第4章10FOB、CFR、CIF的衍生经典组 衍生组Free on Board FOB named port of shipmentFree Carrier FCA named placeCost and Freight CFR named port of destinationCarriage Paid To CPT named place of destinationCost,Insurance and Freight CIF named port of destinationCarriage and Insu
15、rance Paid To CIP named place of destination 第4章11Free CarrierFCA(insert named place，插入指定装运地)Incoterms 2010例4.4 FCA Shanghai,China Incoterms 2010 简略定义：FCA是指，买方指定承运人，支付装运地到目的地运费，卖方在指定装运地交货。风险在交货地点从卖方转移到买方。FCA适用于各种运输方式。第4章12FCAdefined in INCOTERMS 2010“Free Carrier”means that the seller delivers the g
16、oods to the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer at the sellers premises or another named place.The parties are well advised to specify as clearly as possible the point within the named place of delivery,as the risk passes to the buyer at that point.第4章13Remarks on the above definition T
17、his rule may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed.If the parties intend to deliver the goods at the sellers premises,they should identify the address of those premises as the named place of delivery.If,on the ot
18、her hand,the parties intend the goods to be delivered at another place,they must identify a different specific place of delivery.FCA requires the seller to clear the goods for export,where applicable.However,the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import,pay any import duty or carry out
19、any import customs formalities.第4章14Carriage Paid ToCPT(insert named place of destination,插入指定目的地)Incoterms 2010 例4.5 CPT Los Angeles,USA Incoterms 2010 简略定义：CPT是指，卖方指定承运人，支付装运地到目的地运费，卖方在指定装运地交货。风险在交货地点(交付给第一个承运人时)从卖方转移到买方。CPT适用于各种运输方式。第4章15CPT defined in INCOTERMS 2010“Carriage Paid To”means that t
20、he seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the seller at an agreed place(if any such place is agreed between the parties)and that the seller must contract for and pay the costs of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named place of destination.第4章16Remarks on
21、the above definition(1/2)This rule may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed.When CPT,CIP,CFR or CIF are used,the seller fulfils its obligation to deliver when it hands the goods over to the carrier and not when
22、the goods reach the place of destination.This rule has two critical points,because risk passes and costs are transferred at different places.The parties are well advised to identify as precisely as possible in the contract both the place of delivery,where the risk passes to the buyer,and the named p
23、lace of destination to which the seller must contract for the carriage.If several carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination and the parties do not agree on a specific point of delivery,the default position is that risk passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier
24、 at a point entirely of the sellers choosing and over which the buyer has no control.Should the parties wish the risk to pass at a later stage(e.g.,at an ocean port or airport),they need to specify this in their contract of sale.Remarks on the above definition(2/2)The parties are also well advised t
25、o identify as precisely as possible the point within the agreed place of destination,as the costs to that point are for the account of the seller.The seller is advised to procure contracts of carriage that match this choice precisely.If the seller incurs costs under its contract of carriage related
26、to unloading at the named place of destination,the seller is not entitled to recover such costs from the buyer unless otherwise agreed between the parties.CPT requires the seller to clear the goods for export,where applicable.However,the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import,pay any
27、 import duty or carry out any import customs formalities.第4章17第4章18Carriage and Insurance Paid toCIP(insert named place of destination,插入指定目的地)Incoterms 2010例4.6 CIP Los Angeles,USA Incoterms 2010 简略定义：CIP是指，卖方指定承运人、投保，支付装运地到目的地运费、保费，卖方在指定装运地交货。风险在交货地点(交付给第一个承运人时)从卖方转移到买方。CIP适用于各种运输方式。第4章19CIP defin
28、ed in INCOTERMS 2010“Carriage and Insurance Paid to”means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the seller at an agreed place(if any such place is agreed between the parties)and that the seller must contract for and pay the costs of carriage necessary to br
29、ing the goods to the named place of destination.The seller also contracts for insurance cover against the buyers risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.The buyer should note that under CIP the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover.Should the buyer wish to h
30、ave more insurance protection,it will need either to agree as much expressly with the seller or to make its own extra insurance arrangements.第4章20Remarks on the above definition(1/2)This rule may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of
31、transport is employed.When CPT,CIP,CFR or CIF are used,the seller fulfils its obligation to deliver when it hands the goods over to the carrier and not when the goods reach the place of destination.This rule has two critical points,because risk passes and costs are transferred at different places.Th
32、e parties are well advised to identify as precisely as possible in the contract both the place of delivery,where the risk passes to the buyer,and the named place of destination to which the seller must contract for carriage.If several carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination and
33、the parties do not agree on a specific point of delivery,the default position is that risk passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier at a point entirely of the sellers choosing and over which the buyer has no control.Should the parties wish the risk to pass at a later stage(e.g.
34、,at an ocean port or an airport),they need to specify this in their contract of sale.Remarks on the above definition(2/2)The parties are also well advised to identify as precisely as possible the point within the agreed place of destination,as the costs to that point are for the account of the selle
35、r.The seller is advised to procure contracts of carriage that match this choice precisely.If the seller incurs costs under its contract of carriage related to unloading at the named place of destination,the seller is not entitled to recover such costs from the buyer unless otherwise agreed between t
36、he parties.CIP requires the seller to clear the goods for export,where applicable.However,the seller has no obligation to clear the goods for import,pay any import duty or carry out any import customs formalities.第4章21第4章22货交装运港术语货交承运人术语 对比货交装运港术语FOB、CFR、CIF货交承运人术语FCA、CPT、CIP运输方式海洋、运河运输海、陆、空，多式联运运输单
37、据已装船清洁提单各种运输单据交货地点装运港：一地一终端卖方工厂及装运地运输终端：一地多个终端风险界限船只交货点（第一承运人）装卸费用租船运输时要进一步明确包括在运费中,链式销售有无INCOTERMS 2010术语按交货点、风险点分组 第4章23第4章24按交货点、风险点分组的价格术语1.卖方义务最小术语组 EXW:卖方工厂交货 首要特点：卖方义务最小（风险、工作、费用最小）。性质上类似于国内贸易。卖方在本国的内地完成交货，所承担的风险、工作、费用局限于出口国内。（黎孝先 P60）卖方不负责出口包装、内陆运输、出口报关。交货点：卖方工厂 风险点：卖方工厂 本术语的作用：1）卖方不愿意承担任何装货
38、义务时使用（黎孝先 P60）2）在实际业务中，卖方常利用此术语减少折扣基数 EXW Wuhan,China Incoterms 2010 USD10,000.00 export packing:800.00 inland freight&charges:500.00 FOB Shanghai,China Incoterms 2010:USD11,300.00 10%discount based on EXW Wuhan,China Incoterms 2010,1,000.00 第4章252.卖方义务最大术语组首要特点:卖方义务最大。DDP：卖方义务最大，卖方在指定目的地交货，到进口国目的地的
39、风险及费用、进口报关及关税缴纳皆由卖方承担。交货点：指定目的地（运输终端所在目的地+其他目的地，货物准备从运输工具卸下）风险点：指定目的地DAP：卖方义务次大，卖方在指定目的地交货，到进口国目的地的风险及费用由卖方承担。第4章263.货交承运人术语组FCA，CPT，CIP首要特点：向承运人交货交货点：出口国装运地风险点=交货点（第一承运人）卖方工厂火车站汽车站机场CYCFS码头第4章274.装运港交货术语组广义的装运港交货术语组狭义的装运港交货术语组FOBCFRCIF再加上 FASFAS 在买方指定船只的吊钩半径范围内交货，若买方指定的船只不能靠岸，则卖方还要使用驳船（黎孝先 P31）首要特点
40、：在装运港交货交货点：装运港风险点：船只/船边第4章285.运输终端交货术语组目的地运输终端交货 DAT（货物从运输工具卸下）首要特点:风险和费用由卖方包到目的地运输终端交货点：进口国目的地运输终端（货物从运输工具卸下）风险点：目的地运输终端码头CYCFS机场火车站汽车站 交货点与货交承运人术语组的交货点形成镜像对称第4章29价格术语按风险点/交货点分组序号本组术语交货点风险点本组特点1EXW卖方工厂卖方工厂卖方义务最小2DDP DAP进口国指定目的地（运输终端所在地及其他地点，货物准备从运输工具卸下）进口国指定目的地（运输终端所在地及其他地点，货物准备从运输工具卸下）卖方义务最大4FOB,CFR,CIFFAS出口国装运港船只出口国装运港船边船只船边（吊钩半径）货交装运港3FCA,CPT,CIP卖方工厂及装运地运输终端 交货地（第一承运人）货交承运人5DAT进口国目的地运输终端（货物从运输工具卸下）进口国目的地运输终端（货物从运输工具卸下）风险及费用由卖方包到进口国目的地运输终端