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1、七选五专练二Passage 1 How to Cultivate Confidence?When faced with a big challenge where potential failure seems to appear at every corner，maybe youll hear this advice: Be more confident. _1_ Take the belief that you are precious and capable, also known as selfesteem. Confidence turns thoughts into action.
2、 It comes from the genes you are born with, the way people get used to treating you as well as the choices you make. While it isnt possible to completely separate these three factors, the personal choices we make obviously play a major role in confidence development. As a result, by keeping certain
3、practical tips in mind, we do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence._2_ If youre looking for a longterm change, consider the way you think about your abilities and talents. Do you think they are fixed at birth, or that they can be developed? These beliefs matter because they can in
4、fluence how you act in the face of setbacks. If you have a fixed mindset, meaning that your talents are locked in the place, you might give up, assuming youve discovered something youre not good at. But if you have a growth mindset, and think your abilities can improve, a challenge will become an op
5、portunity to learn and grow. Neuroscience (神经科学) supports the latter. The connections in your brain do get stronger and grow with study and practice. _3_Practicing failure is a must. Failure happens. _4_ JK. Rowling was rejected by twelve different publishers before one picked up Harry Potter. The W
6、right brothers built on historys failed attempts at flight before designing a successful airplane. Studies show that those who fail regularly and keep trying anyway are better equipped to respond to challenges in constructive ways. _5_ So, think of a challenge you want to take on, realise its not go
7、ing to be easy, accept that youll make mistakes, and be kind to yourself when you do. Youll feel the excitement, knowing that whatever the result, youll have gained greater knowledge and understanding.A. But what is confidence?BSo can confidence be easily cultivated?CEveryone is possible to encounte
8、r failure.DBeing a talented person is quite necessary.EThey learn to try different strategies and persevere.FBelieving in your abilities to improve is the first step.GIt also turns out that people with a growth mindset are better at dealing with challenges.Passage 2 Public SpeakingPublic speaking ca
9、n be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain the audience. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience. _1
10、_ For persuasive speech, the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or behaviour of the audience for their own good. Thus, the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be l
11、ess formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech to, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is meant to be a joke._2_ Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presenta
12、tion will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the “battlefield” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage.Language is the main aspect a speaker ne
13、eds to pay attention to while giving a speech. _3_ A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean. Often, when given a speech, the audience look to the speaker to give them something new and useful._4_ Language and delivery (演讲方式) alone will not be s
14、ufficient if the speaker does not have the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said._5_AIt needs to be used
15、clearly.BThese speeches mark special occasions.CThe important thing to watch about is not to put in too much information.DThe key of perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking.EThey can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions.FKnowing ho
16、w public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance of it.GThus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audiences expectation.Passage 3 There are lots of researchers who have studied the art and science of happiness. Ive dug into the most interesting
17、 habits of the happiest people in the world and decided to share them with you here.They have a dream.When some of the happiest and longestliving people were studied, they all had such a reason._1_ Thats because without a future to look towards, the past is the only thing they can look back on.Wheth
18、er your dream is to travel the world, start your own business, or learn a new language, having a dream is one of the most important things in remaining optimistic when things get tough.They can wait.Happy people are willing to wait for the rewards and focus on the journey._2_ They understand that th
19、e best things in life come to those who are patient and can stick it out for the long run.They accept pain.Happy people know how to cheer themselves up from failure, just as the Japanese saying goes, “Fall seven times and stand up eight.” _3_ Why？The reward of becoming stronger outweighs (胜过) the pa
20、in in the process._4_ That car you just bought reduced in value the moment you drove it off the parking lot.But experiences are memories that will stay with you for the rest of your life. The happiest people would rather go on a backpacking trip around Asia instead of buying a flatscreen TV that the
21、yll seldom use.They give more than they take._5_ They do so from raising money for charities they care about to offering a dollar to a talented artist playing the guitar in the subway. And they give their precious time to guide students. Happy people understand that this will actually make them happ
22、ier in the end.AThey are lifelong learners.BHappy people are always giving when they can.CIts possible to choose happiness in the moment.DPeople who dont have dreams are always negative.EThey spend money on experiences instead of material things.FIt doesnt matter how far theyve come, or whats ahead
23、for them.GStruggle is the evidence of progress, and happy people live by this.Passage 4 Traveling with kids，regardless of the age, is a terrible thing for new parents. Responsibility is heavy and travel expenses might be unexpected at any point of the trip.If you are planning your first road trip or
24、 vacation with children, there are several important things to consider.Get a child locator._1_， and many parents sometimes lose their kids.Popular tourist destinations are overcrowded, too.So, if you are afraid of losing your children, get a child locator to be aware of where your kids are going wh
25、en they accidentally get lost._2_.You do not need to pack tons of toys, sweets and a tablet full of games in order to keep your little ones entertained.You can encourage them to create a travel journal or smash book, read, tell each other stories, or give them a camera to capture the most precious m
26、oments during your trip._3_._4_.This is a must even during the shortest road trip.You can handle a headache, but your child cant.If you do not know what to put in your first aid kit (急救箱), consult your childrens doctor, because all children are different and the medicines either.Apart from the above
27、, money, passports, avoiding heavy luggage, picking a familyfriendly destination and familyfriendly accommodation are also needed. Traveling with kids is exciting and interesting.Your first trip might not be so exciting, but with a careful preparation, your family trip will be the most memorable one
28、._5_.AKeep them carefulBKeep them entertainedCPack a small, kidfriendly first aid kitDBoard games might be a good choice, tooEAirports and train stations are usually overcrowdedFAvoiding your little ones in the planning of the trip is a good ideaGInvolve your little ones in the planning of the trip,
29、 which will help youPassage 5 Everyone is born with the ability to learn. There are normally two types of learning in our daily life and study active learning and passive learning. _1_ This will help you develop a habit of active learning gradually._2_ I bet that no one sits down to read with the pu
30、rpose of not getting the contents. But Im sure that some of you have been in a situation, probably more than once, where you read an assignment, closed the book and thought “what the world was about”. _3_ Active readers, on the other hand, set goals and check their understanding as they read. When t
31、hey finish, they can explain the main points and know that theyve seen what they have read.Active learners think about information deeply and critically. Being thoughtful is an important part of active learning, because it means that you are analyzing and absorbing the information. _4_ For instance,
32、 you may make connections between the new information and what you already know, identify concepts that you may not understand very well, or evaluate the importance of what you are reading. An active learner considers constantly in this way. In contrast, passive learners may read the text and listen
33、 to lectures and even understand most of what is read and heard. _5_All in all, behaviour of an active learner and a passive one varies greatly. Equipping yourself with study strategies (策略) of active learners may eventually help you become one of them.APassive learners wont be strict with themselve
34、s.BYou need to know some differences between them.CIn other words, you are processing what you read.DHowever, that important step of reflecting on it is not taken.EActive learners accept much of the responsibility for learning.FWhen interacting with the text in this way, you are doing passively.GAct
35、ive learners study with the purpose of grasping and memorizing information.七选五专练二答案Passage 1本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两条非常实用的培养自信心的建议：第一，相信自己的能力可以提高；第二，从失败中汲取经验教训。1选A空前一句给出要更加自信的建议，空后一句是说相信自己是有价值的，有能力的，这也是自尊。故A项“但是什么是自信呢？”符合语境，衔接上下文。2选F根据文章结构和空处所在位置可知，空处为该段的主题句。第一段最后一句是说要记住几条实用的建议，第二段第一句话应该是第一条建议，并结合该段的内容可知，本
36、段主要讲述要相信自己的能力可以提高，故F项“相信你的能力能提高是第一步。” 3选G根据上文中的“But if you have a growth mindset . grow with study and practice.”可知，如果你有成长的心态，认为你的能力可以提高，一项挑战将变成学习和成长的机会你大脑里的联系就会更强并且随着学习和练习而增加。由此可知，空处应是进一步说明有成长心态的人的优势，故G项符合语境。4选C空前一句是说失败很常见，空后两句又举例说明一些名人在成功前遭遇的失败，故C项“每个人都有可能经历失败。”符合语境，衔接上下文。5选E空前一句是说那些经常失败但一直坚持的人会积极
37、应对挑战，故E项“他们学着尝试不同的策略并坚持不懈。”符合语境。Passage 2主要介绍了公共演讲的几个类型以及做好演讲所需注意的事项。1选C从结构上看，第二段首先介绍了公共演讲的三种目的；接下来对这三种目的分别介绍了其对应的演讲类型以及注意事项，空处位于介绍informative speech这种类型之后，应是说明它的注意事项，故C项“不要输入太多的信息”符合语境。2选D本空是段首句。本段讲述了公共演讲的两个注意事项。下文“Aside from it . is quite necessary.”讲的是第二个注意事项：要提前了解观众是谁。接着进一步阐述了注意事项。空后讲的是多加练习对于演讲的
38、好处，由此可推知，空处应是第一个注意事项，并且与空后一句中的“practice”相呼应，故选D。3选A本空是段中句。空前一句是说语言是演讲中需注意的主要方面。空处应是对其进行进一步的说明，关键词是Language，A项中的It可推知指的就是Language，且根据空后的“make it clear to the audience”可知，A项符合语境。4选G本空是段中句。空前讲的是观众期待演讲者能给他们新的有用的东西，故G项“因此，演讲者需要了解如何发表他们的演讲来满足观众的期待。”与空前一句构成逻辑上的因果关系，所以答案选G。5选E本空是段尾句。空前讲的是演讲者可以重申要点，提醒观众所讲的重要
39、事情来结束演讲，空处应是叙述另一种结束方式，故E项符合语境。Passage 3本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了快乐人士所具备的几个习惯。1选D本段主要讲梦想，D选项符合语境。本句中作者用反例“没有梦想的人总是消极的”说明了拥有梦想的重要性。2选F本句对上一句的内容作进一步补充说明。快乐的人善于等待，不论路程有多远，他们知道人生最好的事情总是眷顾有耐心并锲而不舍的人。3选G本句是对上一句的总结，说明努力奋斗是进步的证据，也是快乐人士的生活方式。4选E本句为标题句，总结了本段的主要内容，即快乐人士会把钱花在积累经验上，而不是物质享受上。下文的experiences也是提示。5选B本句承上启下，引出
40、下面的例子说明快乐人士乐于付出。Passage 4 本文是一篇说明文。对新手家长来说，带着孩子去旅游是一件很可怕的事情。诸如你需要有很强的责任感，在旅途中的任何时刻旅行费用可能出乎意料之类的很多事情需要考虑。本文就此给出了一些建议。1选E依据下文的“many parents sometimes lose their kids”可知，该空应该是造成家长丢失孩子的原因，又联系下文中的“Popular tourist destinations are overcrowded, too.”可知E项“机场和火车站通常过于拥挤”符合语境。2选B分析文章结构和空处所在位置可知，本空是该段的主题句。该段谈到，
41、在旅行中鼓励孩子们创建旅行日记、阅读、讲故事、照相等，又结合第二句中的“in order to keep your little ones entertained”可知，这些都是让孩子们娱乐的方式，故选B项。3选D依据本段第二、三句可以推断出，该句的内容也与让孩子们娱乐的方式有关，故D项“棋类游戏也可能是个不错的选择”符合语境，该项中的too与前面的讲故事、照相等相衔接。4选C分析文章结构可知，本空是该段的主题句。该段主要讲了在旅行中要为孩子准备急救箱。故C项“准备一个适合儿童使用的小急救箱”与该段内容相符。5选G上文“Your first trip might not be so excit
42、ing, but with a careful preparation, your family trip will be the most memorable one.”中“with a careful preparation”可对应到G项中“Involve your little ones in the planning”，上句谈到精心准备，G项谈到让孩子们也参与其中，两句构成顺承关系。故选G。Passage 5本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中介绍了两种不同的学习类型主动学习和被动学习，并介绍了它们的区别，让学生了解主动学习是如何进行的，进而养成主动学习的习惯。1选B上文提到通常有主动和被动两
43、种学习方式，下文内容介绍了它们的不同，故B项符合语境，且与最后一段中的“All in all, behaviour of an active learner and a passive one varies greatly.”首尾相呼应。2选G根据行文结构可知，本空概括段落内容，第二段主要讲解不同学习模式中对阅读的不同的处理方式，再结合“set goals and check their understanding . what they have read”可判断，G项“主动学习者带着理解和记忆信息的目的进行阅读”正确。3选F空前内容介绍一种不好的学习方式，空后有转折词“on the oth
44、er hand”，紧接着是主动学习者如何进行阅读，故空前应该是被动学习者的做法，F项符合语境。4选C空前提到“because it means that you are analyzing and absorbing the information”，空后举例说明如何思考及处理信息，C项是前文的释义，且与下文表意一致，符合语境。5选D空前提到“相反，被动学习者阅读和听讲座时能理解大部分内容”，本文一直在对比两种学习方式的不同，故D项“However, that important step of reflecting on it is not taken.”符合题意，选项中的it指代“what is read and heard”。5学科网（北京）股份有限公司