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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载虚拟语气情形从句主句例句的动词的动词与现动词的过去式would/could/should/might If I had time ,I would attend your party.假如我有时间,我就去参与你的宴会了；在事be 动词一律动词原形If I saw him now ,I would be very happy. 实相反用 were假如我现在见到他,我会很兴奋的；与过had过去would/could/should/mightYou didn let me drive.If we had driven in tur
2、n,you wouldn t have got so tired.去事分词have过去分词你当时不让我开车； 假如我们轮番开,你就实相反不会觉得那么累了；动 词 的 过 去与将来式 ； should would/could/might/shouldIf it snowed/were to snow/should snow 事实动 词 原 形 ；tomorrow ,we would take photos.动词原形相反were to动词假如明天下雪,我们就照相；原形留意：1 如条件句中有were,had,should ,可把 if 省略, 而把 were ,had,should 放在主语前,形成
3、倒装结构,这种结构主要用于书面语中；Had you taken my advice,you wouldn t have failed in the examination.假如你听了我的建议,你就不会考试不及格了；2 有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一样,此时,主句和从句的谓语动词要根 据各自所指的不同时间挑选适当的动词形式；If you had worked hard,you would be very tired now. 假如你真的努力工作了,你现在就会感到很累的；从句指过去,主句指现在 3 有时虚拟条件并不通过条件从句表达出来,而是通过词、短语或上下文示意,此时句子 的时态要依
4、详细情形而定；Without electricityIf there were no electricity,life would be quite different today. 假如没有电,今日的生活就会完全不同；But for your help,it would have caused a serious loss. 要不是你的帮忙,那将会导致庞大的缺失；名师归纳总结 I was busy that day.Otherwise I would have gone there with them.If I hadnt been 第 1 页,共 11 页busy that day,I w
5、ould have gone there with them.我那天很忙,否就,我就和他们- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载一起去那儿了；1.2022 湖南卷 If he_my advice,he wou ldn t have lost his job.Afollowed Bshould follow Chad followed Dwould follow 解析：句意为：假如他 当时 接受我的建议,就不会丢掉他的工作了；此题考查虚拟语气；由于 if 条件句表示与过去事实相反,故采纳过去完成时；答案：C 22022 厦门市质量检查 y
6、esterday. Dont mention it. Thank you for reminding me of the time ,or I _late Ashould be B would be 因此要使用情态动词wouldCwill have been Dwould have been 解析：考查虚拟语气； 从语境可知说话人是在谈论昨天的事,完成式；感谢你提示我时间,不然昨天我就迟到了；答案：D 32022 山东潍坊质检 _more careful,the mistake would not have been made. AIf he is BHad he been CShould h
7、e be DIf he has been 解析：从主句中的 would not have been made 可知,这是与过去相反的虚拟语气,因此从句谓语动词用 had been 的形式,又因助动词为 had 时,可将 if 省掉, had 提前,故 B项正确；答案：B 1 在名词性从句中,常用来表示命令、建议、要求、愿望等的词后宾语从句和同位语从句中用虚拟语气,形式为：should动词原形；常这样用的动词有：advise 劝说, demand 要求, desire 期望, command 命令, insist 坚持, prefer 宁愿, urge 主见, order 命令, recomme
8、nd 举荐, request 要求, require 要求, suggest 建议,以及这些词的名词形式；Janes pale face suggested that she was ill,and her parents suggested that she shouldhave a medical examination. 简惨白的脸色说明她生病了,她父母建议她做一下医学检查；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2wish学习好资料欢迎下载后面所跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气；表示对现在情形的虚拟：wish 主语动词过去
9、式或 were 表示对过去情形的虚拟：wish 主语 had过去分词表示对将来情形的虚拟：wish 主语 would 动词原形I wish she were here. 她在这儿就好了；I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 但愿你明天跟我们一块去；I wish she had taken my advice. 那时她要是听我的话就好了；1.2022 福建卷 Teachers recommend parents_their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. Anot allow
10、Bdo not allow Cmustnt allow Dcouldn t allow解析：句意为：为了安全起见,老师建议家长不要让 12 岁以下的孩子骑自行车上学；本题考查虚拟语气用法；recommend,suggest ,insist,order ,request ,advise 等表“ 建议、命令、要求” 等意思的动词,后接宾语从句时,宾语从句的谓语动词常用“should 动词原形” , should 可以省略；答案：A 22022 山东潍坊质量抽样 Beijing for the H1N1 flu soon. The order came that the medical suppli
11、es _to Awould be sent Bshould send Cbe sent Dmust be sent 解析：当表示愿望、恳求、建议、命令等意义的动词 如 order ,suggest ,command等后面接从句时,从句用虚拟语气；从句谓语用同位语从句也用虚拟语气,应选 C项；答案：C should do,should 可以省略； order 后的1would rather 句型中的虚拟语气表示愿望,意为“ 宁愿,但愿” ；I d rather we didnt go to see a film this evening.我倒期望我们今晚不去看电影；名师归纳总结 2It ishi
12、gh/abouttimethat. 句型中的虚拟语气第 3 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载在句型“It is high/abouttime.” 后面也可跟虚拟语气,从句中常用过去式；有时也用“ should 动词原形” ,意为“ 该是 的时候了” ；It is time thatwe went home. 我们该回家了；3if only 引导的感叹句中的虚拟语气在“ if only” 引导的感叹句中,要求用虚拟语气,表示愿望；用过去时或“would/could动词原形” 表示与现在或将来事实相反的愿望；用过去完成
13、时表示与过去事实相反的愿望； If only I had not been ill last week. 要是上周我没病该多好啊！1.2022 合肥第三次教学检测 studies. Sorry , Daddy.I am not getting on well with my Well._you hadn t wasted so much time playing online games.AAs if B Even if CIf only DOnly if 解析：考查虚拟语气；句意为：爸爸,对不起,我的学习情形不太好；哦,要是你不把那么多的时间铺张在网络嬉戏上就好了；if only 但愿 接虚
14、拟语气,表示对过去情形的假设； as if 似乎, even if 即使, only if 只有,都是状语从句的连词,不符合语意；答案：C 2. 2022 青岛一模 My uncle suggests I_abroad. I would rather you_at home. Ago；stay Bwent ；stayed Cgo；stayed Dwent ；stay 解析：suggest 当“ 建议” 讲时,从句中要用虚拟语气,结构是“should 动词原形” ,should 可以省略； would rather 用过去时；答案：C 后面跟从句时,从句中也要用虚拟语气,依据语境此处应12022
15、 浙江卷 Had I known about this computer program,a huge amount of time and energy_. 名师归纳总结 Awould have been saved Bhad been saved 第 4 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Cwill be saved 学习好资料欢迎下载Dwas saved 解析：句意为：假如我明白这种电脑程序的话,就可以节省大量的时间和精力；此题考查虚拟语气；假如表示与过去事实相反的话,条件句采纳过去完成时态 假如省略 if 可采用部分倒装结构 ,
16、主句谓语动词应采纳“wouldhave过去分词” 的结构,故答案为 A项；答案：A 22022 陕西卷 If we_the other road for the meeting. Atake B had taken Ctook D have taken , we might have arrived here in time 解析：句意为：假如我们走另一条路,我们可能早就按时到会了；此题考查的是虚拟语气；依据句意及后边主句谓语 might have arrived 可知 if 从句表示与过去事实相反,故if 从句的谓语动词用过去完成时；答案：B 32022 北京卷 The weather ha
17、s been very hot and dry. Yes.If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now！ And my vegetables_. Awouldn t die Bdidn t dieChadnt died Dwouldnt have died解析：句意为：现在天气变得又热又干；是啊；假如起初下一点雨,现在情形也会好许多！我的蔬菜也就不会死了；此题考查虚拟语气；题干中If 引导的从句为过去完成时,是对过去事情的虚拟,主句却是 would do ,对现在事实的虚拟,此为干扰部分,考生须分析清晰句意,空格处表
18、示蔬菜都死了,是过去的事实,在对过去的事实进行虚拟,故挑选 D项；答案：D teacher ,I_the first prize 42022 福建卷 But for the help of my English in the English Writing Competition. 名师归纳总结 Awould not win Bwould not have won 第 5 页,共 11 页Cwould win Dwould have won 解析：此题考查虚拟语气用法；句意为：要没有我英语老师的帮忙,我不会在英语写作- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学
19、习好资料 欢迎下载竞赛中获得第一名；此题考查虚拟语气用法,依据句意,可知主句应当使用否定式,而本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故答案为 B 项；答案：B 5. 2022 浙江卷 The doctor recommended that you_swim after eating a large meal. Awouldnt Bcouldn tCneednt Dshouldn t解析：句意为：医生建议你不应当在饱餐之后游泳；recommend 后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“should do” ,应选 D；答案：D 6. 2022 安徽卷 But for their help, we_th
20、e program in time. Acan not finish Bwill not finish Chad not finished Dcould not have finished 解析：句意为：假如不是他们的帮忙,我们就不能准时完成这个项目；依据句意,选用could not have finished 表示与过去相反；答案：D 7. 2022 天津卷 This printer is of good quality.If it_break down within the first year,we would repair it at our expense. Awould Bshou
21、ld Ccould Dmight 解析：句意为：这台打印机质量很好；假如第一年使用坏了,我们保修；虚拟语气中表示将来时间的条件句有三种,就此句而言,应为：down/If it should break down；答案：B If it broke down/If it were to break 名师归纳总结 8. 2007 全国卷 _he had not hurt his leg,John would have won the race. 第 6 页,共 11 页AIf BSince done,主句用 .would/could CThough D When 解析：考查与过去情形相反的虚拟语气；
22、从句用 if.had have done.；答案：A - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载e they d never 9. 2007 山东卷 They _ two free tickets to Canada,otherwishave been able to afford to go. Ahad got Bgot Chave got D get 解析：此题考查混合虚拟语气；此题前面部分是事实,后半句是虚拟语气；答案：B 10. 2007 全国卷 Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it_
23、yesterday.Awas happening Bhappens Chas happened Dhappened 解析：考查虚拟语气；由 as if 引导的从句通常用虚拟语气,再结合前面的 remembers可知与现在事实相反,因此用一般过去时；答案：D 12022 天津质检 My suggestion is that you_much meat. Awouldn t take Bshall not take Cnot have Dwont have解析：当 suggest 或 suggestion 为 “ 建议 ” 的意思时,与其有关的从句就要用虚拟语气,即 “ should动词原形 ”
24、,should 可以省略；答案：C 22022 安徽芜湖调研If human beings had been a bit less greedy and cruel,more birds and animals_dying out. Aought to avoidB could have been avoided Cshould have avoided Dmight have avoided 解析：句意为：假如人类少点贪婪少点残酷,更多的鸟类和动物就有可能免于灭亡；这里考查的是对过去情形的假设,从句用 had done,主句用 would/could/might have done ；avo
25、id 名师归纳总结 “ 防止 ” ,其后接doing 时没有被动语态；第 7 页,共 11 页答案：D - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载m not free.32022 哈尔滨检测 _anyone call ,please tell him IAMust BCan CMay DShould 解析：此题考查情态动词用法；句意为：假如有人给我打电话,就告知他我很忙；第一个分句是省略了 if 虚拟条件句,补充完整为：If anyone should call ,please tell him I m not free.当 if 省略时,句
26、子要倒装,故 D 项正确；答案：D 4 2022 北京海淀期末 If you hadn t taken such a long time to get dressed, we _there by now. Awould be Bare Chave been D had been 解析：句意为：假如不是你穿衣服花了那么长时间的话,我们现在就到那里了；从句用了与过去相反的虚拟语气,但主句与现在情形相反,应选 A 项；答案：A 52022 北京海淀期末练习If you_to my birthday party last Saturday,you would have met our old frie
27、nd Jim. Oh,what a pity. Acame Bhad come Cwould come D would have come 解 析 ：从 语 意 分 析 , 这 是 非 真 实 条 件 句 中 对 过 去 状 况 的 虚 拟 , 主 句 谓 语 用should/would/could/might have done ,条件句用过去完成时态,答案应选 B 项；答案：B 62022 福建龙岩检测 I didnt attend the lecture yesterday.I_,either, if my mother hadnt reminded me.Awouldn t Bwoul
28、dn t haveCdidn t D hadn t解析：考查虚拟语气；从句子中 if my mother hadn t reminded me 知,此处是对过去状况的虚拟,主句应当用 should/would/could/might have done 结构,从选项中看只有 B 项合适 I wouldn t have 是 I wouldn t have attended the lecture 的省略 ；名师归纳总结 答案：B s speech have you understood.第 8 页,共 11 页72022 南通二模 How much of the foreign expert-
29、- - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载Next to nothing.I wish I_harder at English. Aworked Bhad worked Cwould work Dwere working 解析：考查虚拟语气；wish 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,此处表示与过去事实相反,意思是：我期望我 过去 更努力地学习英语了；答案：B 82022 皖南八校其次次联考Without the help of my English teacher ,I_the first prize in the English Speaking C
30、ompetition. Awould win Bwould have won Cwould not win D would not have won 解析：考查虚拟语气；这是一个隐含虚拟条件句,含有 if my English teacher hadnt helped me with my spoken English 气,因此 D 项符合题意；答案：D 之意,表示与过去的事实相反,故用与过去相反的虚拟语92022 长春第一次调研 It is required that the students_mobile phones in their school,so seldom_them usin
31、g one. Ashould not use；you will see Bnot use；will you see Cmustn t use；will you see Dnot use；you will see 解析：考查虚拟语气和倒装语序；英语中表示命令、 建议或要求的动词或名词后面的从句中通常使用 should do 形式的虚拟语气,should 可以省略； seldom 是否定副词,位于句首时,句子要采纳部分倒装语序；答案：B 10. 2022 日照二模 “ If I_taking drugs,I would be a successful businessman now,” said
32、the dying heroin addict. Adidn t start Bhaven t startedChadn t started D shouldn t start解析：考查虚拟语气； 此题是一个混合虚拟语气句,从句是对过去事情的虚拟,应用过去完成时,主句指说话时可能产生的结果；名师归纳总结 答案：C 第 9 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载11. 2022 福建检测 I didnt go to the movie last night because of the rain.What a pity ！
33、If I had got the ticket ,I_it. Awouldn t have missed Bwouldn t missCdidn t miss Dhadn t missed解析：考查虚拟语气；从句为过去完成时,所以主句用 would have done 结构；答案：A 12. 2022 南通二模 Sorry indeed,I_to your birthday party if. Forget it.I know you were out on business. Amust comeBwould come if 后面省略了过去完成时补充完整Cmust have comeDwou
34、ld have come 解析：考查虚拟语气；此处表示对过去的虚拟,应当是 if I had not been out on business,所以主句中应当用done 结构,因此选 D 项；答案：D 13. 2022 合肥二模 Did you make it at last. Yes.But for your help ,it_a serious loss. Awould cause B must have caused Cwould have caused Dmay cause should/would/could/might have 解析：考查虚拟语气； 句意为： 你们最终胜利了吗？
35、胜利了,要不是你的帮助,我们的缺失就大了；but for.要不是 ；答案：C 14. 2022 潍坊一模 How I wish I_my mouth before I shouted at my mum. Ashut Bhave shut Chad shut Dwould shut 解析：该题考查虚拟语气；wish 后跟从句,从句要用虚拟语气,由于后面是过去时,故此处表示与过去事实相反,要用过去完成时；答案：C Why do you look so upset. 15. 2022东北三校联考I broke up with my girlfriend.If only I_more about her. 名师归纳总结 Acare Bcared 第 10 页,共 11 页Chad caredDhad been cared - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载解析：考查虚拟语气；If only 表示 “ 要是 就好了 ” ,后面的句子要用虚拟语气；名师归纳总结 表示与过去的事实相反的情形时,谓语动词用had done 的形式；因此,C 项正确；第 11 页,共 11 页答案：C - - - - - - -