《2022年高中英语句法大全-定语从句.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年高中英语句法大全-定语从句.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高中英语句法大全-定语从句定语从句一.概念在复合句中 ,修饰某一名词或代词的从句二.相关学问点精讲1.关系代词引导的定语从句,称为定语从句 ,也叫形容词性从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、 定语等成分；关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一样；1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语；例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you. 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that 在从句中作主语）
2、He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人；（whom/that 在从句中作宾语）2） whose 用来指人或物,（只用作定语 , 如指物,它仍可以同 of which 互换）；例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙；Please pass me the book whose （of which ） cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书；3）which, that 所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从
3、句中可作主语、宾语等；例如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村显现了前所未有的富强；（which / that 在句中作宾语）The package （which / that） you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了；（ which / that 在句中作宾语）2.关系副词引导的定语从
4、句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语；1）关系副词when, where, why 的含义相当于 介词 + which 结构,因此经常和 介词 + which结构交替使用；例如：There are occasions when （on which） one must yield. 候；任何人都有不得不屈服的时Beijing is the place where（in which ） I was born. 北京是我的诞生地；Is this the reason why （for which ） he refused our offer. 的理由吗？这就是他拒绝我们
5、帮忙他2）that 代替关系副词,可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代 when, where, why 和介词 + which 引导的定语从句,在口语中that 常被省略；例如：His father died the year （that / when / in which ） he was born. 他父亲在他诞生那年逝世了；He is unlikely to find the place （ that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2
6、 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3.判定关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词,仍是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词；及物动词后面无宾语,就必需要求用关系代词；而不及物动词就要求用关系副词；例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村；Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永久不会遗忘与你共事 的日子；习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词系词的误用上；where, when 联系在一起；
7、此两题错在关方法二：精确判定先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状）,也能正确选择出关系代词 /关系副词；关系词的挑选依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,挑选关系代词（ who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时,应挑选关系副词（where 地点状语, when 时间状语, why 缘由状语）；4.限制性和非限制性定语从句1） 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种；限制性定语从句是先行词不行缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开；例如：Thi
8、s is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子；（限制性）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很美丽,是我们上个月买的；（非限制性）2） 当先行词是专出名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 的；例如：Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
9、 查理 .史密斯去年退休 了,他曾经是我的老师；My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个美丽的花园；This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人, 我已 经读了三遍；3） 非限制性定语从句仍能将整个主句作为先行词 第三人称单数；例如：, 对其进行修饰 , 这时从句谓语动词要用He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upset
10、s me. 他好像没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦；Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发；说明：关系代词that 和关系副词why 不能引导非限制性定语从句；5.介词 +关系词 1）介词后面的关系词不能省略；2）that 前不能有介词；3）某些在从句中充当时间,地点或缘由状语的介词 +关系词 结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换；例如：This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子；This is the
11、 house where I lived two years ago. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Do you remember the day on which you joined our club. 仍记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？Do you remember the day when you joined our club. 6.as, which 非限定性定语从句由 as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和 which 可代整个主句,相当于 and this 或and that；As
12、 一般放在句首,which 在句中；例如：As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. 如我们所知,吸烟有害健康；The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太阳使地球暖起来,这对我们人类很重要；as 和 which 在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语；但不同之处主要有两点：（1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而 which 不行；（2） as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必需是系动词；如为行
13、为动词,就从句中的关系代词只能用 which. ；7.先行词和关系词二合一1） Whoever spits in public will be punished here. （Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替）2） The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用 all that 代替）8. what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever 1）what = the thing which ；whatever = anything
14、；例如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - What you want has been sent here. 你要的动词都送来了；Whatever you want makes no difference to me. 不管你要什么,跟我没什么关系；2） who= the person that 3） that 和 whatwhoever= anyone who；例如：当 that 引导定语从句时,通常用作关系代词,而引导名词性从句时,是个不充当任何成分的连接词；宾语从句和表语从句中的that 常可省略； What
15、 只能引导名词性从句,用作连接代词,作从句的详细成分,且不能省略；例如：I think （that）you will like the stamps. 我想你会喜爱这些邮票的；What we need is more practice. 我们需要的是更多的实践；9.关系代词 that 的用法 1）不用 that 的情形 a） 引导非限定性定语从句时；例如：（错） The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. b） 介词后不能用；例如：We depend on the land from which we get o
16、ur food. 我们依靠土地获得食物；We depend on the land that/which we get our food from. 2） 只能用 that 作为定语从句的关系代词的情形名师归纳总结 a）在 there be 句型中,只用that,不用 which；第 6 页,共 11 页b）在不定代词,如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little 等作先行词时,只用that,不用 which ；c）先行词有the only, the very 修饰时,只用that；d）先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,
17、只用that；. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - e）先行词既有人,又有物时；例如：All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题；Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察；三.巩固练习1. His parents wouldn t let him marry anyone _ family was poor. A. of whom B. whom C. of whos
18、e D. whose2. She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth. A. itB. whichC. this D. that3. In the dark street , there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. thatB. whoC. from whomD. to whom4. The weather turned out to be very good , _ was more than we could expect. A. w
19、hatB. whichC. thatD. it5.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A. whichB. where C. thatD. when6Carol said the work would be done by October, personally I doubt very much.A. itB. thatC. when D. which7Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role
20、in the play, _,of course , made the others unhappy. 名师归纳总结 Awho BwhichCthisDwhat 第 7 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 8. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _ was very reasonable. A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of whose 9._ has already been pointed o
21、ut , grammar is not a set of dead rules. A. AsB. ItC. ThatD. Which 10. He lived in London for 3 months , during _ time he learned some English. A. thisB. whichC. thatD. same 11. Oh the wall hung a picture, _ color is blue. A. whoseB. of whichC. whichD. its 12.Whenever I met him , _ was fairly often,
22、 I like his sweet and hopeful smile.A. whatB. whichC. that D. when 13. The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _ stands the famous tower. A. thatB. whereC. whichD. there 14.The boss _ department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.A. in which B. in that C. in whose D. whose 15.
23、 I dont like _ you speak to her.A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 16.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ._ I got wet through . A. It the reasonB. That whyC. There whyD. It how17. He made another wonderful discovery , _ of great importance to science. A. which I
24、 think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D.I think which is 18.He was very rude to the customs officer, _ of course made things even worse. 名师归纳总结 A. whoB. whomC. whatD. which 第 8 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 19. a He is an interesting speaker, and, _ is more important,
25、he knows his subject thoroughly. b He went to the meeting, and, _ was worse, insisted on speaking. A. whatB. whichC. that D. when 20. The farmer uses wood to build a house _ to store grain. A. in which B. where C. which D. with which 21. I will invite _ my daughter loves. A. whoever B. whomever C. w
26、hichever D. whatever 22.You can buy as many copies of this book _ you wants. A. that B. which C. as D. for which 23. Tom ate more food _ was good for his health. A. that B. as C. than D. which 24. He was hiding behind the door _ he could see what was happening. A. which B. from where C from which D.
27、 where 25. She wore, _ was very uncommon in the country, a red garment. A. what B. that C. which D. it =She wore a red garment , _ was very uncommon in the country. 26. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great succe ss. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which
28、27. _ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making pro gress. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. It B. As C. That D. What 28. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during whi
29、ch C. from which D. for which 29. I work in a business almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that 30. There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that 31. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the oth
30、ers , , of course , ma de the others envy him . A. who B. that C. what D. which 32. _ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As 33. Anyway, that evening, _ I hel place.ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at RacA. when B. where C. what D. w
31、hich 34. A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more that being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A. when B. where C. what D. that 35. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% are sold abr oad . Aof which Bwhich of Cof them Dof that 名师归纳总结
32、- - - - - - -第 10 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 36.There was time I hated to go to school . Aa; that Ba; when Cthe; that D the ; when 37. There are two buildings , stands nearly a hundred feet high . A the larger B the larger of them Cthe larger one that D the larger of which 38. What surprised m
33、e was not what he said but he said it . A the way Bin the way that Cin the way D the way which 39. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk fr equently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom 40. George Orwell, _ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real nameB. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name 四.答案名师归纳总结 1-5DBDBB 6-10DBBAB 11-15ABBCA 16-20BADAA 21-25 BCCBC 26-30CBACA 第 11 页,共 11 页31-35DDDDA 36-40BDADD - - - - - - -