高中英语被动语态知识点总结归纳17176.pdf

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1、1 高中英语被动语态知识点总结归纳 单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、This wall requires_.Ato repairBrepairedCrepairingDbeing repaired 答案:C 解析:考查主动表达被动。句意:这堵墙需要修理。此处考查短语 require doing sth.“需要(被)”,此处用主动表被动,故选 C 项。2、-How was your weekend,Rose?-Wonderful!It was the first time I alone at home,enjoying freedom.Ahad leftBhave been l

2、eftChad been leftDhave been leaving 答案:C 解析:考查时态语态。句意:Rose,你周末过得怎么样?好极了!这是我第一次被独自留在家里,享受自由。“It is/was the first time+从句”是固定句型,当主句的 be 是 is 时,从句用现在完成时,当 be 是 was 时,从句用过去完成时,此处从句中应用过去完成时,且动词 leave 和主语 I 之间是被动关系,所以用过去完成时的被动语态。故选 C 项。3、Whats that noise outside?A new school_.Ais being builtBwill be built

3、Chas been builtDis building 答案:A 解析:2 考查时态和被动。句意:外面是什么声音?一所新学校正在兴建中。A.is being built(现在进行时被动)正在被修建;B.will be built(一般将来时被动)将会被修建;C.has been built(现在完成时被动)已经被修建;D.is building(现在进行时)正在修建。结合前文“Whats that noise outside?(外面是什么声音?)”语境可知,“声音”正在发生,因此应是现在进行时,且主语“A new school”与动词“build”之间为被动关系,应是现在进行时被动。故选A 项

4、。4、Quickly after the quakes the government sent workers to build shelters for survivors whose homes _.Ahad destroyedBwere destroyed Chad been destroyedDhas been destroyed 答案:C 解析:考查时态语态。句意:地震发生后,政府迅速派工人为那些房屋被摧毁的幸存者建造避难所。分析可知,设空处为定语从句的谓语动词,主语 homes 和 destroy 之间为被动关系,且该动作发生在 sent 之前,即过去的过去,故应用过去完成时的被动

5、语态。故选 C。5、No child under 12 is allowed to go to the lake alone;any walk close to the lake _by a parent.Amust be accompaniedBmust accompany Ccan be accompaniedDshould accompany 答案:A 解析:考查语态。句意:12 岁以下的孩子不允许单独去湖边;任何靠近湖的散步都必须有家长陪同。此处主语与谓语accompany 构成被动关系,且表示“必须”应用情态动词 must,后跟动词原形。故选 A。6、Last month,part

6、of Southeast Asia was_by floods.AstrikenBstruckCstuckDsticked 答案:B 3 解析:考查动词词义辨析和语态。句意:上个月,东南亚部分地区遭受洪水袭击。strike 表示“袭击”,其过去分词为struck 或 stricken,stick 表示“坚持,戳”,其过去分词为 stuck;根据前后文“part of Southeast Asia was_by floods”可知此处为一般过去时的被动语态,表示“袭击”应用 strike 的过去分词 struck 或stricken。故选 B。7、The princess hat was rea

7、lly fancy,which _ with gold and jewels.AdecoratedBdecoratesCwas decoratedDwas decorating 答案:C 解析:考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:公主的帽子很别致,上面装饰着黄金和珠宝。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 hat,先行词在从句中作主语,与谓语动词 decorate 构成被动关系,根据上文 was 可知用一般过去时的被动语态,谓语动词与先行词保持一致,应用单数。故选 C。8、This is a promising company as its employees _ to think outside

8、the box and develop creative solutions.AencourageBhave encouragedCwere encouragedDare encouraged 答案:D 解析:考查时态和语态。句意:这是一个有前途的公司,因为它的员工都被鼓励跳出固定思维模式,开发有创造性的解决方法。分析句子可知,此处是状语从句的谓语动词,由上文的 is 判断为一般现在时,主语 employees 和encourage 之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是 employees 是复数名词,故选 D 项。9、As a punishment,he _ any school

9、 activities.Awasnt permitted to attendBwas permitted to attend Cwasnt permitted attendingDwas permitted attending 答案:A 4 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:作为惩罚,他被禁止参加任何学校活动。he 与 permit 之间是被动关系,句中使用被动语态,permit 一词符合 permit sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”,在被动语态下其结构为 be permitted to do sth.,且句意上要表达“他不被允许参加活动”,要用否定句。故选 A 项。10、The

10、basketball coach,as well as his team,_ now for their outstanding performance during the match.Ahas been interviewedBhave been interviewed Cis being interviewedDarc being interviewed 答案:C 解析:考查时态、主谓一致和被动语态。句意:这位篮球教练和他的球队正在接受采访,因为他们在比赛中表现出色。分析句意可知,根据句中 now,谓语动词用现在进行时形式;题干中主语 the basketball coach 后加 as

11、 well as his team,谓语动词单复数形式应与 the basketball coach 保持一致;主语 The basketball coach 和动词 interview之间是被动关系,谓语动词应用被动语态形式;综上分析,该空应该用现在进行时被动语态的单数形式 is being interviewed。故选 C 项。11、Shall we _ to attend the meeting _ at the end of this month?Sorry,I dont know.Aask;holdingBask;to holdCbe asked;heldDbe asked;to b

12、e held 答案:D 解析:考查语态和不定式。句意:我们是否被要求参加本月底举行的会议?抱歉,我不知道。分析句子结构,主语是 we,谓语动词是 ask,主谓之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且前面有情态动词 shall,be 用原形,故第一空填 be asked。第二空 hold 是非谓语动词,meeting 和 hold 之间是被动关系,结合时间状语 at the end of this month,可知应用一般将来时,此处用不定式表示将来,即 to be done,故选 D 项。5 12、The water will be further polluted unless some measu

13、res _.Awill be takenBare takenCwere takenDhad been taken 答案:B 解析:考查时态语态。句意:如果不采取一些措施,水将会被进一步污染。此处主句为一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时表将来,主语与谓语构成被动关系,故用一般现在的被动语态,主语为 some measures,谓语用复数。故选 B。13、What will the weather be like tomorrow?I have no idea.I was on the phone when the weather report _.Ais broadcastBwas being br

14、oadcast Chas been broadcastDhad been broadcast 答案:B 解析:考查动词时态语态。句意:明天天气会怎样?我不知道。天气预报播送的时候我正在打电话。结合上文“I was on the phone when the weather report”可知指过去某个时刻正在做某事,应用过去进行时,且 the weather report 与 broadcast 构成被动关系,用过去进行时的被动语态。故选 B。14、Large quantities of information,as well as timely help,_ since the organi

15、zation was built.Ahas offeredBhad been offeredChave been offeredDis offered 答案:C 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意:这个组织自建立以来,提供了大量的信息和及时的帮助。根据时间状语 since the organization was built 判断要用现在完成时态;信息和帮助是“被提供”,所以用被动语态,综上,C 选项正确。6 15、They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.Awil

16、l be installedBwill have been installed Care installedDhave been installed 答案:B 解析:考查时态和语态。句意:他们正努力确保在 2022 年北京冬奥会之前安装 5G 终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作,用将来完成时;“5G 终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,故选 B 项。16、This is one of the best films _ this year Awhich has been shownBthat have been shown Cthat have shownDhaving

17、 been shown 答案:B 解析:考查定语从句。句意:这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句,先行词是 films,指物,复数,被最高级 the best 修饰,并在从句中作主语,此时应用关系代词 that;先行词 that 与从句中的动词 show 是被动关系,因而用被动语态 be shown,再用完成时表示“已上映”,主句是一般现在时,从句用现在完成时,所以用that have been shown。故选 B。小提示:17、We want to sit at the table near the window.Im sorry,but it _ already.Ahas tak

18、enBtookCwas takenDhas been taken 答案:D 解析:7 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意:我们想坐在窗户边的桌子。不好意思,已经有人坐了。根据时间状语“already”和句意可推测句子要用现在完成时;分析句子可知,空格处在句子中作谓语。主语 it 代指“the table near the window”,与动词 take 之间为被动关系。故此处用现在完成时的被动语态,且主语 it 是第三人称单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数 has。故选 D 项。18、Do you like the new pen?Yes,it _very well.Ais writtenBis wr

19、itingCwroteDwrites 答案:D 解析:考查语态。句意:你喜欢这支新钢笔吗?是的,它书写很顺畅。动词 write“书写”用作不及物动词且表示主语的某种属性时,通常要用主动形式表示被动意义,该用法通常与 well,easily,slowly,quickly 等副词连用。此处描述现在情况,用一般现在时。故选 D 项。19、By the end of the 1980s.about 9.5 million elephants _for the ivory trade in South Africa.Awere killedBwere being killedChad been kill

20、edDhave been killed 答案:C 解析:考查过去完成时。句意:截至 20 世纪 80 年代末,已经有大约 950 万头大象因为象牙贸易在南非被杀害。分析句意,这里表达的是从很久之前一直持续到过去的某个时间点(20 世纪 80 年代末),共有(已经有)950 万头大象被杀,应使用过去完成时。同时 by the end of(到时为止)常与过去完成时搭配,是一个标志词,具有很强的提示作用。主语大象和杀害是被动关系,本题中使用过去完成时的被动语态 had been+过去分词,故选 C。20、_the telephone number several times,but he coul

21、dnt learn it by heart.AHaving toldBHaving been told 8 CAlthough he had been toldDHe had been told 答案:D 解析:考查句子结构。句意:虽然被告知电话号码好几次,但是他还是没有记住。因为两句话之间有 but 连接,所以前面应该是一个简单句,而不是非谓语动词,C 项错在 but 不能和 although 连用。故选 D。21、The cloth _easily if _on a table.Ameasures,spreadingBwill be measured,spread Cmeasures,sp

22、readDis measured,spread 答案:C 解析:考查动词语态和省略句。句意:如果把布展开在桌子上,很容易量出尺寸。第一空:measure 意为“量起来”,没有被动语态,排除 B、D 项;第二空:spread 和 cloth 是被动关系,要用一般现在时的被动语态,且 if 引导的状语从句中,常省略和主句相同的主语和 be 动词,从句完整为“if(it is)spread on a table”。故选 C。22、It is the first time that such a grand military parade_ in china.Ais heldBhas been hel

23、dChad been heldDwas held 答案:B 解析:考查现在完成时被动语态。句意:这是中国首次举行如此盛大的阅兵式。该句使用了固定句型:It is the+序数词+time that+主语+现在完成时,意为“这是第次做某事”,故该句应使用现在完成时,根据句意,主语“such a grand military parade(一场如此盛大的阅兵式)”与所设空处的实义动词“hold(举行)”之间为被动关系,因此填 has been held,故选 B。23、The famous magician,as well as his assistants,_ to perform at the

24、 Chinas Got Talent in 2015.9 Awere invitedBwas invitedChave been invitedDhas been invited 答案:B 解析:考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意:这位著名的音乐家和他的学生去年被邀请在 2015 年的中国达人秀上表演。由时间状语 in 2015 可知,空处谓语动词需用一般过去时;结合句意可知,此处表示被邀请,所以谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态:was/were done;as well as 连接两个并列的主语,谓语动词需用“就远原则”,即谓语动词的形式取决于第一个主语,此处第一主语是单数名词 musician,

25、所以 be 动词需用 was。故选 B。24、Jan feels very glad because her life _by the Internet.Ahave been great improvedBhas been greatly improved Chas greatly improvedDhas been greatly improving 答案:B 解析:考查动词时态、语态以及修饰。句意:Jan 感到很高兴,因为互联网大大改善了她的生活。动词 improve 和主语 her life 之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故排除 CD 两项;主语 her life 为第三人称单数,主谓一

26、致,且修饰动词应用副词,排除 A 项。故选 B 项。25、The number of coal mines _ to half,as well as its size.Acut downBhas cut downCwas cut downDwere cut down 答案:C 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:煤矿的数量和规模都减少了一半。结合语境描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,为一般过去时的被动语态,the number of 表示“的数目”,中心词是number,所以是单数,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。故选 C。26、Fears haunted him thos

27、e days _ he _ down by the scandal.10 Athat;draggedBthat;would be dragged Cwhich;had been draggedDwhen;would drag 答案:B 解析:考查同位语从句和时态。句意:那些日子里他一直担心这件丑闻会把他拖下水。第一空为同位语从句,解释fears 的具体内容,从句中不缺少成分,句意完整,故应用 that;第二空中,he 与 drag 构成被动关系,且指从过去的某个时间来看,将要发生的动作,应用过去将来时。故选 B。27、All his attention_ on what the teacher

28、 was saying,so he even didnt notice what was happening outside the classroom.AfixedBwas fixedCwas fixingDhas been fixed 答案:B 解析:考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意:他所有的注意力都集中在老师说的话上,所以他甚至没有注意到教室外面正在发生的事情。动词 fix 意为“固定”,和主语 attention 构成被动关系。根据“so he even didnt notice what was happening outside the classroom”可知,此处应用一般过去时。

29、故选 B。28、The speed of cars and trucks is _ to 30 kilometers per hour in large cities in China.AlimitedBlimitingClimitDto limit 答案:A 解析:考查被动语态。句意:在中国的大城市里,汽车和卡车的速度被限制在每小时 30 公里。根据常识可知,汽车和卡车速度被限制在每小时 30 公里,空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态的被动语态:is done,所以空处需用过去分词 limited;is limited to被限制到。故选 A。小提示:11 考查被动语态,先要确定时间状语,再选择符

30、合语境的时态和语态,注意语态,人称和数的一致。29、Do you know _?In Beijing.Awhere will the 24th Winter Olympics be heldBwhere the 24th Winter Olympics will hold Cwhere the 24th Winter Olympics will be heldDwhere will the 24th Winter Olympics hold 答案:C 解析:考查宾语从句语序和被动语态。句意:你知道第二十四届冬季奥运会将会在哪里举办吗?在北京。观察问句可知,know 后面为宾语从句,从句部分用陈

31、述句语序,will 应该放在主语“the 24th Winter Olympics”的后面。且“the 24th Winter Olympics”与 hold 之间为被动关系,要用被动语态,句子为一般将来时,构成 will be held。故选 C 项。30、The thief was caught stealing money from the shop and _ by the local police at the moment.Awas questionedBhad questioned Cis being questionedDhas been questioned 答案:C 解析:

32、考查时态和语态。句意:小偷在商店偷钱被抓,目前正在接受当地警方的讯问。分析句意可知,根据句中时间状语 at the moment,句意阐述当前正在进行的动作,谓语动词用现在进行时;主语 The thief 和谓语动词question 之间是被动关系,谓语动词应用被动语态形式;综上分析,该空应该用现在进行时被动语态形式 is being questioned。故选 C 项。31、It has been reported by the weatherman that a rain shower _ this evening in the south of the province.Ais expe

33、ctedBexpectsCexpectedDwas expected 答案:A 12 解析:考查时态语态。句意:据气象预报员报告,该省南部今晚预计有阵雨。从句陈述客观事实用一般现在时,且主语与谓语构成被动关系,为一般现在时的被动语态,主语为 a rain shower,谓语用单数。故选 A。32、Up to now,he _ chairman of the Students Union twice in our school.Ahas selectedBhad been elected Chas been selectedDis selected 答案:C 解析:考查时态和语态。句意:到目前为

34、止,他已经两次当选我校学生会主席。由 Up to now 可知,句子时态用现在完成时,根据句意可知,他是被选为我校学生会主席,因此空格处用现在完成时的被动语态,即 have/has been done,主语 he 是第三人称单数,因此空格处是 has been selected,故选 C。33、Your bed requires _ Im afraid.Ato cleanBcleaningCbeing cleanedDclean 答案:B 解析:考查主动表示被动。句意:恐怕你的床需要清理一下了。sth require doing sth 表示“某物需要被.”,require 表示“需要”时,后

35、面加 doing 表示被动,故选 B 项。34、Tom has got a watch.He _ it for two years.It _ by his father.Ahas bought;was boughtBhas got;is bought Cwas bought;has boughtDhas had;was bought 答案:D 解析:考查动词时态及语态。句意:汤姆有一块手表。他已经戴两年了。那块表是他父亲买的。第一空,时间状语13 “for two years”表明用现在完成时,buy 和 get 是瞬间动词,不能与完成时连用,需用延续性动词 have,故第一空填 has ha

36、d;第二空,It 与 buy 之间是被动关系,且动作发生在过去,需用一般过去时的被动语态,故第二空填 was bought。故选 D。35、It is reported that many a new house at present in the disaster area.Ais being builtBis builtCare being builtDhave been built 答案:A 解析:考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:据报道,目前灾区正在修建许多新房子。分析句子可知,It is reported that意为“据报道”,It 在句中作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的 that 从

37、句。根据 at present(目前)可知修建房子的动作正在进行,应用现在进行时,house 和 build 之间为逻辑上的被动关系,即房子被修建,故应用现在进行时的被动语态,句式为“主语+am/is/are being done”,many a+可数名词单数”,意为“许多”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,故用 is,build 的过去分词为 built,故填 is being built。故选 A 项。36、The living conditions _ by the country in the past ten years.Ahave been improvedBwere improve

38、dCare improvedDhave improved 答案:A 解析:考查动词时态及语态。句意:在过去的十年里,生活条件得到了国家的改善。句子主语 The living conditions 和谓语动词 improve 之间是被动关系,再根据时间状语 in the past ten years 可知,句子用现在完成时的被动语态。故选 A。37、Philosophers _back to Plato and the Ancient Greeks have given the area much thought and emphasis,and there is little doubt _t

39、heir work has helped shape the practice of education over the millennia.Adated,thatBdating,whetherCdating,thatDdated,whether 答案:C 14 解析:考查非谓语动词和同位语从句。句意:追溯到柏拉图和古希腊的哲学家们对这一领域给予了大量的思考和重视,毫无疑问,他们的工作帮助塑造了数千年来的教育实践。分析句子可知,“_back to Plato and the Ancient Greeks”作后置定语,修饰 Philosophers,date back to“追溯到”无被动式,

40、故 date 用现在分词形式,空格引导同位语从句,解释说明 doubt,doubt 后可接 that 或 if 或者 whether 引导的同位语从句,that 从句一般用于否定句或疑问句中,if 或者 whether 从句一般用于肯定句中,little 表示否定,故此处用 that 引导同位语从句。故选 C。小提示:38、Oetzi,the 5,000-year-old“Iceman”,_on the alpine border between Italy and Austria in 1991.Awas discoveringBwas discovered Chad been discov

41、eredDdiscovered 答案:B 解析:考查时态和语态。句意:1991 年,在意大利和奥地利之间的高山边境上,人们发现了有 5000 年历史的“冰人”Oetzi。分析句子结构,主语是 Oetzi,谓语动词是 discover,两者是被动关系,应用被动语态。根据时间状语 in 1991,可知此处表示过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,即一般过去时的被动语态,be 动词用 was,故选 B 项。39、Which of the following sentences is correct?AYou can also explore Fricks beautiful home and garden

42、 which are very worth a visit.BIt is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same museum.CThere are various reasons that people write poetry.DThe language is concrete but imaginative,and they are delighted small children because they r

43、hyme,have strong 15 rhythm and a lot of repetition.答案:B 解析:考查固定搭配、定语从句和时态语态。A 项句意:您还可以探索弗里克美丽的家和花园,非常值得一游。在表示“非常值得做”时,我们使用固定结构 be well worth(doing)sth.由此句中的 very 使用错误,应该用副词 well 修饰。故 A 项错误。C 项句意:人们写诗有各种各样的原因。在定语从句中先行词为 reasons 在从句中做原因状语,所以需要用关系副词 why 引导限制性定语从句。故 C 项错误。D 项句意:语言是具体的但富有想象力,这使得小孩子快乐,因为他

44、们押韵、节奏感强并且较多重复。在 and 的并列句中,主语 they 和谓语动词delight(使高兴)之间是主动关系,根据前文“The language is concrete”可知应该用 they delight small children 一般现在时的主动形式。故 C 项错误。故 B 项正确,句意:令人惊奇的是,从 19 世纪末到 21 世纪的许多伟大的艺术作品都被收藏在同一个博物馆里。故此题选 B。40、Technology giants are fighting for their future as consumers switch their loyalties from pe

45、rsonal computers to mobile devices.By 2025,5 billion people_ to be carrying around the tiny computers in their pockets.Aare expectedBwill be expected Chave been expectedDwill have been expected 答案:A 解析:考查时态和语态。句意:随着消费者从个人电脑转向移动设备,科技巨头们正在为自己的未来而战。到 2025年,预计将有 50 亿人随身携带这种微型电脑。expect 期待,与主语 people 构成动宾

46、关系,句子用被动语态,根据句意可知,“50 亿人被期待随身携带微型电脑”是一般的预测,用一般现在时的被动语态,构成 be+done 结构,主语为复数,be 动词用 are。B.will be expected 一般将来时的被动语态;C.have been expected 现在完成时的被动语态;D.will have been expected 将来完成时的被动语态。故选 A。41、_ in a tiny cabinet were four Mothers Day poems Id written for her in the 1960s.AHiddenBHidingCBeing hidden

47、DTo be hidden 16 答案:A 解析:考查被动语态及倒装句。句意为:在一个小柜子里,藏着四首我在 20 世纪 60 年代为她写的母亲节诗。分析句子可知,本句是一个表语提前的全部倒装句,诗被藏在小柜子里,所以要用被动语态。故选 A。42、The workers believe the assembly hall _ the curtain need to be changed deserves _.Awhich;rebuildingBof which;rebuilding Cwhose;to be rebuiltDof which;to build 答案:B 解析:考查定语从句和固定

48、用法。句意:工人们认为需要更换幕布的大会堂值得重建。第一空为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词 the assembly hall,且先行词 the assembly hall 与 the curtains 构成所属关系,应用“of which”;第二空表示“值得做某事”短语为 deserve doing sth.,为主动表被动。综上,故选 B。43、All the preparations for the task _,and were ready to start.AcompletedBcomplete Chad been completedDhave been completed

49、答案:D 解析:考查时态和语态。句意:这项任务的所有准备工作已经完成,我们准备开始了。由下文“were ready to start”可知,这项任务的所有准备工作已经完成,所以我们准备开始了,此处表示“完成”这个动作从过去开始持续到现在,对现在造成了影响,所以应用现在完成时,且主语 All the preparations for the task(这项任务的所有准备工作)和动词 complete(完成)二者之间是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动 have/has been done,且主语是复数,complete 的过去分词为 completed,所以应用 have been complete

50、d,故选 D。44、Large quantities of information,as well as timely help_ to us over the past 2 years.17 Ahave been offeredBhas been offered Cwas offeredDhad been offered 答案:A 解析:考查主谓一致和时态语态。句意:在过去的 2 年里,为我们提供了大量的信息和及时的帮助。根据后文“over the past 2 years”可知用现在完成时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态;as well as 连接并列主语,谓语动词应根

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