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1、1.scientist science scientific 2.know about 了解 know of 听说过 3.find/find out/discover/invent 4.explain sth.to sb 5.be characteristic of sb/sth 6.pass sth from 从处传来,传下 pass by 路过,经过 pass down 把传下去 pass on 传递,传授 7.the way of doing sth=the way to do 做某事的方法 8.put forward 提出建议，推荐某人或者自己任职，提名；时钟往前拨 9.by the
2、way 顺便说 by way of 通过 的方法 lose ones way 迷路 no way 没门，别想 feel ones way 摸索着走 谨慎从事 on ones way to 在去的路上 in this way=by this means=with this method 用这种方法 10.put away 抛弃;舍弃 put down 写下来;记入名单 put on 穿上;戴上;增加 put off 耽误;延期 put out 熄灭(灯);扑灭(火)put up 建立;建造 put up with 忍受 11.arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conc
3、lusion 12.win/beat/defeat win“赢得,获胜”,后接奖品,奖金,名誉,财产 beat“击败,战胜”,后接竞争队伍或者对手,敌人 defeat “击败，战胜”,后接竞争队伍或者对手,敌人,(此用法同 beat),疾病等。expert at/in sth 某方面的专家 14.attend 注意；照看，照顾；参加 attendance n.照顾,出席 attend school 上学 attend a lecture 听讲座 attend a wedding 出席婚礼 15.attend to 处理,办理 I have some important things to at
4、tend to.照顾,照料;Are you being attended to 先生,有人接待你吗 专心,注意 If you dont attend to the teacher,youll never learn anything.16.expose A to B 使 A 暴露于 B A be exposed to B A 暴露于 B 17.die(v.)dead(adj.)death(n.)deadly adj.致命的 18.deadly adv.(1)very 极度;非常;十分 deadly serious 十分认真 (2)like death 死一般地 deadly pale 死一般苍
5、白 19.every time 每当 每次（连词 连接句子）注意:immediately,the moment,directly,instantly 等与 every time 一样,都可以 用作连词引导时间状语从句,意为 “一.就”。20.absorb.into 吸收，理解接受，吞并 be absorbed in 被吸引;专心于;全神贯注于某事 21.suggest doing sth 建议做某事 suggest that 建议 should+V 暗示 该使用什么时态用什么 22.severe 严厉的;苛刻的;严格的.剧痛的,剧烈的,严重的,难熬的 be severe with/on sth
6、 对严格。23.be to blame 应该受到责备 blame sb for sth 因责备某人 blame sth on sb 把 sth 归咎于某人 24.look into 向里看；调查，了解 25.suspect sth 怀疑某事 suspect sb of doing sth 怀疑某人做某事 suspect that 从句 26.look on 观看,面向,旁观,看待 look out 面朝,留神,照料 look over 从上面看,察看,检查 look around 环顾,观光,察看 look through 看穿,审核,浏览,温习 look up and down 仔细打量,到
7、处寻找 look after 寻求,照顾,关心 27.at ease 舒适 快活 自由自在 ease off 减轻痛苦，紧张状态，缓和，放松。28.connect with 与相联系，关系（抽象）connect to 与相连接 e to an end 结束，终结，终止 30.handle n.柄,把手 v.A.操作;运用 B.经销;买卖 C.管理 D.对待 E.应付 F.控制;管理 31.link A to B 把与连接;联系 be linked to 连接 link n.联系,关系 29.announce announce sth.(to sb.)announce that+从句 It is
8、/was announced that+从句 据宣传 announcement N make an announcement 下通知 30.instruct instruction 31.cure sb of sth 治好了某人的病 cure for sth 治疗的方法 32.have sb do sth=get sb to do sth 让某人做某事 have sb doing sth=get sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 have sth done=get sth done 叫别人做某事 33.make money 挣钱 make ones way to 一路前进,向前 ma
9、ke sure 确保 make friends 交朋友 make the bed 铺床 make room for 为腾出空位、空间 make up ones mind 下决心 决定 make an appointment 约会 make a gossip 闲言碎语 make an apology 道歉 make a contest 竞争 make a choice 选择 34.be strict with sb.in（doing）sth.35.prevent/stop/keepfrom doing sth 阻止某人做某事 absorbed in 专心致志 determined to do 决
10、定做某事 38.so that 如此以至于 39.die of/from 死于 40.attend to/take care of/look after sb of ones disease/illness 42.put forward 提出 sense 讲得通，有意义 linked to 和有联系 exposed to 暴露于 46.look into 调查，向里看 addition to 另外 （led,led)to 导致，通向 up 开始从事，继续，占据，接纳，吸收 50.be to blame for 因应当受到责备 from/except for/besides/other than
11、/but/except 除之外 52.take in 收留，包括 take on 雇佣，呈现，露出，承担 take over 接任，接管，接收 take off 脱掉衣物，飞机起飞，成功。take back 撤销，同意收回，回忆昔日 53.work on 从事；继续工作；致力于 54.be enthusiastic about 对某事充满热情 的复合宾语结构 独立复合结构(1)With+n./pron.+介词短语 He sat there with a smile on his face.(2)With+n./pron.+副词 With Mr Smith away,weve got more
12、room.(3)With+n./pron.+不定式 With so much work to do,he could not go home.(4)With+n./pron.+现在分词 The street was quiet with no buses running.(5)With+n./pron.+过去分词 In came a man with his hands tied back.(6)With+n./pron.+形容词 He wrote a shirt,with the neck open,showing his bare chest.cautious about/of sb 对小
13、心谨慎的 57.base sth on 把建立在 be based on 基于 58.can nevertoo 再也不为过 59.would have done should have done neednt have done ought to have done 60.only+介词短语/副词/状语从句 放在句首，要使用部分倒装 前不倒后倒 only then did he realize that he made mistakes.only at home can I have a good sleep.1 know about 了解 be known as 作而出名 be known
14、for 因而著名 as far as one knows 据某人所知 2 divide into 把分成 separate.from 3 consist of 由组成 不用被动，进行 =be made up of consist in 存在于 4.take the place of =replace 代替 =take sbs place 代替某人 take place 发生,举行 in place of=instead of 代替 5.arrange v.(for 连用)安排,筹备,布置 arrangement n.筹备,安排 arrange to do sth.安排做某事,预定 arrang
15、e for 安排,准备 arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人去做某事 6.fold v.&n.折叠,弯曲,合起来 folder 纸夹 foldaway a.可折叠的 unfold 打开(反义词)fold back 折叠起来;折回去 fold up 失败;倒闭 7.clarify ones stand/position 阐明某人的立场 clarify matters 澄清真相 8.puzzle over 苦思 be in a puzzle about 对不解 人 puzzled 物 puzzling 9.be in/come into conflict with 与冲突/矛
16、盾 unwilling to do sth 不愿意做某事 11.break away from 摆脱，脱离 break down 坏（抛锚,出故障,身体跨了）break into 闯入,break out (war/fire/disease)爆发 break off 中断 break the rules 违反规则 break the records 打破记录 12.to ones credit 值得赞扬 13.for ones convenience=for the convenience of sb 为了方便某人 at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候 It is conv
17、enient to sb.在 sb 方便的时候 It is convenient for sb.to do sth sb 方便做 sth 14.attract sb.吸引某人 attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力 15.work together 合作 work out 算出 work on 从事，继续工作；致力于 around 参观，四处看 17.It is worthwhile to do sth.值得做某事 It is worthwhile doing sth be worthy to be done be worthy of being done be wor
18、th n/pron/doing book is worth reading.The book is worthy to be read/of being read.It is worthwhile to read the book.18.leave out 遗漏,漏掉 leave A for B 离开 A 去 B leave alone 不管;撇下一个人 leave aside 搁置 leave behind 遗忘,遗留 leave+宾语+宾补(adj/v-ing/v-ed)使.19.sb.be familiar with sth sth be familar to sb 熟悉某物 20.wh
19、isper to sb 悄悄说 21.pick up 捡 22.make a list of 列清单 23.delight n.to ones delight 使某人高兴的是 vt.delight sb adj delighted be ed at sth,be delighted to do sth 物 delighting 1.impression n(c)give sb.a good impression 给某人以好印象 make/have/leave an impression on sb.给某人留下印象 impress vt.使印象深刻 主语 impress sb with sth
20、主语 impress sth on sb 给某人留下印象 sb be impressed by sth sth impress sb impressive adj.印象深刻的 The girl impressed her friends with her beauty.2.He took up his book and hurried out.拿起 He took up challenge with courage 接受 He decided to take up photograph as his career 开始从事 Im going to take this matter up wit
21、h my lawyer.着手处理 It takes up too much room.占据(时间或空间）take off 脱下；起飞 take in 接纳,吸收;领会,理解;欺骗 take on 呈现出；雇佣 take over 接管 take it easy!别着急 take your time 慢慢来 take advantage of 利用 3.previous to 在之前 4.be surrounded by/with 被包围 5.tolerate/bear/stand/put up with 忍受 vt.tolerance n.tolerant adj 6.lack v.be la
22、cking in/lack sth.n.（be）lack of sth.for lack of sth 缺乏 He lacks courage=He is lacking in courage The plants died for lack of water 7.adjustment n adjust v.调整 adjust to 8.press v sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 ones way to 挤 n.the press 新闻界 9.lose sight of/out of sight 看不见 catch sight of/in sight 看见 at the sigh
23、t of 一看 （连词作用）10.sweep up 扫除,打扫 11.switch off=turn off 关掉(电灯或电器)switch on=turn on 打开 switch from A to B 由 A 转变为 B into 溜进（悄声地）13.Speed up 加速 at a speed of 以速度 14.the instant 一 就(conj 作用）for an instant 一瞬间 15.be overcome by(anger,grief)被（感情）压倒 sb of sth 使某人想起某事 Vt.remind sb to do sth 提醒 remind sb tha
24、t 使想起 17.as a result+结果（句子）as a result of+原因（n/短语）由于 result in 导致 result from 由引起 His carelessness resulted in failure.As a result of the rain,we cant go out.18.suffer from 遭受患(病)19.be similar to 与相似 20.Keep sb.from doing sth.阻止 stop/prevent sb.(from)doing sth protect sb.from sth/doing sth.保护某人免受伤害
25、21.be well-known for/as 因而闻名/作为而闻名 22.sth be difficult to do (hard,easy,important,necessary)23.follow sb to do sth 跟着某人做某事 24.in no time 立刻 at one time 曾经 in time 及时 at times 有时 on time 按时 at a time 一次 at all times 一直 from time to time 不时的 25.in all directions=in every direction 四面八方 in the directio
26、n of 在方向 under the direction of sb 在某人的指导下 26.show sb in/into 领某人进入 show sb.out/around 领某人出去/四处看看 show sb.sth.=show sth to sb 向某人展示 show off 炫耀 show up 出现 show sb.the way 指路 show sb what/how/where to do 教 sb show that 从句 sb with sth=provide sth for提供 fast sleep 熟睡 consider sb to have done 认为某人做了某事 3
27、1.in space 在空间中 32.up-to-date 最新的，日益更新的，of sth/sth be disposed of 处理 into 转化成 at 盯着 36.happen to+n.发生 happen to do sth.碰巧做（无进行时）it happens/happened that 碰巧 37.program sb to do sth 安排某人做某事 38.perform tasks/work 履行职责/任务.in/be involved in 牵涉 /photo(s)take s of sb 给某人照相 3.submit sth.to sb.向某人递交（文件）submi
28、t(that)主张 submit to sb/sth 屈服于 4.be eager(for sb.)to do sth 渴望做某事 be eager for/about sth.be eager that be anxious for/about sth.担心,忧虑 be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事 5.concentrate(ones attention,mind,efforts,thoughts)on(doing)sth.全神贯注,致力于 6.inform sb of/about sth 通知某人某事 inform sb(that)7.in the meanwhile/
29、meantime 与此同时,在此期间 on 依靠，依赖；取决于 It all depends 视情况而定 9.in that case 如果那 in any case 不管怎样 in no case 绝不,放句首倒装 in case（of）以防万一 as is often the case with对是常有的事 Take your umbrella in case it rains.sb.of sth.指控某人某事 charge sb.with sth.指控 blame sb.for sth.责备 ask/cure/rob/warn/remind sb.of sth.as(not)to=in
30、order(not)to 为了(不）做 11.deny doing sth.拒接做某事 12.be skeptical about/of sth.怀疑某事 13.be in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地 14.be gifted in sth/doing sth have a gift for sth 在某方面有天赋 15.approve of sb/sth.赞成，认可 approve sth.批准 16.process a film/photos 冲洗胶卷/照片 in(the)process of 在过程中 17.make an appointment with sb.与某人约会
31、18.occupy vt 占有；从事，忙于 occupy oneself in(doing)sth 忙于做某事 occupation n.占有；工作；by/profession 工作是 19.suppose vt 假设（虚拟语气）;认为;料想,推断 suppose you were a journalist.be supposed to do sth.本应该做某事 be not supposed to do 表示不允许 20.sb.be offered a job 提供给某人工作 offer sb.sth (sb.)in doing sth.assist sb in/with sth.帮助,协
32、助(help)22.表示将来的五种句型 shall do 2.be going to do 3.be doing 4.be to do 5.be about to do 23.go out on a story 出去做新闻 24.cover vt.(1)铺,覆盖;包括,涉及 He covered the table with a piece of cloth.His research covered a wide field.(2)占有(时间,面积)The city covers ten square miles.(3)走完,走过 They covered 20 miles a day.(4)
33、看完(多少页书)I have covered 200 pages now.(5)支付(开支)The firm barely covers its costs 25.take sth.with sb.随身带着某物 26.find+n.+adj.+to do sth.发现做某事很.you will find your colleagues very eager to assist you.27.have a nose for sth.对很敏感 探查发现某事物的能力 28.keep sth.in mind=remember 29.meet/miss a deadline 如期/超过期限 30.tak
34、e notes 做笔记 31.a trick of the trade 行业诀窍 32.case,situation,position,condition,stage,point 等抽象地点 n.做先行词时,其后的定语从句用 where 引导,相当于 in which 33.get the wrong end of the stick 得出错误结论 34.This is how the story goes.这就是事情的发展 35.tell the truth/tell a lie 说实话/说谎 36.look forward to sth./doing sth.期盼做某事 37.set to
35、 work=settle down to work 开始工作 settle down to sth/doing sth.着手做某事 set about doing set out to do sth 开始做某事 38.pass sth（on）to sb 把传给某人 pass sth down to sb 把传给下一代 39.above all 最重要 after all 毕竟,终究 first of all 首先 last of all 最后 in all 总计;40.concentrate on(doing)sth 专心做某事 concentrate ones attention on 把注
36、意力集中于上 41.update a law 修订法律 update sb on sth 向某人提供最新的信息 42.so as(not)to=in order(not)to（不）为了做 43.be guilty of 犯最 be guilty for/about sth 对 sth 感到内疚 44.be in a dilemma 陷入进退两难的困境 put sb into a dilemma 使某人处于进退两难的境地 1.aid(用法同 help)do/give/offer(some)first aid 进行急救 2.fall ill/sleep/awake/silent fall+adj.
37、3.do an injury to sb.=do sb.an injury 伤害某人 an injury to+身体部位（arm/leg)（胳膊/手/腿）的伤 get injured/wounded/infected 受伤/感染 get+adj.4.bleed to death 流血致死 bleed-bled-bled 5.be essential for/to sb.对某人是必要的 It is essential for sb.to do sth.做某事是必要的 It is essential that (should)+v 原形 虚拟语气 essentials 必需品 out 挤出 and
38、 over again 反复 place 适当，合适的位置 out of place 不合适 take place 发生 take onss place=take the place of sb.=in place of 取代 9.stand on/without ceremony 拘泥于礼节/不拘小节 10.A number of students are sleeping.The number of sleeping students is 60.11.put ones hands on=find sth to sth.把某物涂/应用到上 apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请
39、某物 apply to sth 适用于 apply pressure to 用力摁，压 13.make a/some/no difference 有一些/没有什么区别 14.save 拯救（life）；节约（money）save up 储蓄 save（on）sth 节约 15.If possible/necessary 如果可能/必要的话 16.act as 作为 17.be/get/stand close to 靠近 18.a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的 19.affect sth.影响 v be affected by effcct n.have an ef
40、fect on sth.对有影响 20.It takes sb.sometime to do sth.花费 sb.spend sometime on sth./(in)doing sth.sth.cost sb.sometime/money sb.pay money for sth.21.jewellery n.珠宝的总称(不可数)jewel n.珠宝,首饰(可数)22.stick-stuck-stuck 粘；刺 stick to 粘住；坚持 stick A on B 贴上 stick in 刺入，扎入 be stuck/trapped/caught in 陷入中 23.a basin of
41、water 一盆水 24.knock down 撞到 over 撞翻 25.honor v.给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)/n.荣誉,尊敬 honor sb.(with sth)/(for sth)be honored for 因而受到尊敬 be honored with sth.给以示荣誉 be/feel honored to do/that 很荣幸能做 show honour to 向表示敬意 in honor of 纪念(表示敬意）26.present n.现在，目前；礼物 at present=at the present time adj.现在的；出席的，到场的 the situat
42、ion 当前形势 be at 出席 vt.赠送；呈交；介绍；陈述 present sb.with sth.=sth.to sb.交 present sb.to sb.介绍 27.躺 lay-lain-lying;lie 说谎 lied -lied-lying;lay 安放；下蛋 laid-laid-laying;27.be proud of=take proud in 以为自豪 is no need/doubt that.29.强调句一 It is（was）被强调的部分that/who其它”强调人用 who,人/物用 that。1)特征：把“Itbethat”去掉，剩的还是一个完整的句子 It
43、 was evening when we reached the little town It was in the evening that we reached the little town 2)特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词is/was+it that.What is it that you want me to say 3)It is/was not until.that.对“not.until.”结构的强调，直到才 It was not until midnight that he went back home.不用倒装 二 易混句型 1：It be+段时间+since“自从以来”2；It be+点时间+when.”当的时候，是”3；It be+段时间+before.“多久之后才”、“不久