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1、三十二选择性必修第四册三十二选择性必修第四册Unit 1Science Fiction(限时限时35分钟分钟).阅读理解ALevisonWoodisattheSteveBikoAcademicHospital(SBAH)where,in2018,the Office of Health Standards awarded the institution the highest honor for itsquality of patient care and access to health care professionals.As part of theUniversityofPretori
2、a,SBAHisacenterforworld-classsurgeonsandresearchersandwhereLevisonmeetsProfessorMashuduTshifularo.ProfessorTshifularowhohasperformedtheworldsfirstmiddleeartransplant(移植)using 3D printed bones tells Levison:“This was not an overnightbreakthroughitstheresultof10yearsinvestinginresearchandstate-of-the-
3、arthealth-tech.Investmentin3DprintinghasmassivepotentialwehavemadehistoryhereinSouthAfricaanditissettocontinue.”AccordingtoMcKinsey&Company,theestimated(估计的)economicimpactof3Dprintingis$100$250billionby2025,iftodaysrateofadoptioncontinues.Withthemostpotentialinaerospace(航空航天),auto,consumergoodsandhe
4、althcare,thetechnologiesaremakingaglobalimpact.MedTechDrivesaysthat3Dprintingwillbeacentralpartofallmajorhealthcarebusinesseswithinfivetotenyears.Professor Tshifularo and his team have 3D printed inner ear bones.Theprocedurepresentssignificantlyfewerrisesthantraditionalsurgeryandisannouncedasananswe
5、rtoconductivehearingloss.Anditsnottheprofessorsonly“world-first”.“WhatIamdoinghere,nobodyelseisdoing,”ProfessorTshifularocontinues.“In2008,Iperformedtheworldsfirstbloodlessendoscope-assistedtonsillectomy(扁桃体切除手术).My team includes experts from all disciplinesincludingjewelryfields.Theinternationalmed
6、icalcommunitycertainlywillbenefitfromthisknowledge sharing and creation in their own country.My research into furtherinnovationisexciting.”【文章大意】文章讲述了ProfessorTshifularo和他的团队的举世瞩目的成就利用3D打印的中耳骨成功进行了移植手术,以及3D打印技术的前景。1.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphserveas?A.Abackground.B.Acontrast.C.Anexample.D.Acomment.【解
7、析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段可知,Levison在SBAH会见ProfessorTshifularo,以及SBAH的一些情况,紧接着下文再具体介绍ProfessorTshifularo的成就,故可知第一段起到了背景介绍的作用。2.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMashuduTshifularo?A.Selflessandconsiderate.B.Determinedandhumorous.C.Creativeanddevoted.D.Ambitiousandmodest.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“whohasperforme
8、dtheworldsfirstmiddleeartransplantusing3Dprintedbones”,第四段中“Anditsnottheprofessorsonly“world-first”和第五段中“WhatIamdoinghere,nobodyelseisdoing,”可知,ProfessorTshifularo利用3D打印技术打印的骨骼进行了中耳移植手术,做了其他人未做的事,创造了不止一个世界第一,故可知他富有创新精神;再结合第二段中“This was not an overnight breakthroughits the result of 10yearsinvestingi
9、nresearchandstate-of-the-arthealth-tech”可知ProfessorTshifularo热衷于自己的研究。故选C。3.Whatcanbelearnedabout3Dprinting?A.ItbringsalargeprofittoSBAH.B.Itisplayingakeyroleinhealthcare.C.Itguaranteessafetyofeartransplants.D.Itwillbeusedinawiderangeoffields.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中“With the most potential inaerospace,a
10、uto,consumergoods and health care,the technologies aremaking aglobalimpact.MedTechDrivesaysthat3Dprintingwillbeacentralpartofallmajorhealthcarebusinesseswithinfivetotenyears.”可知,3D打印技术还可以应用到航空航天、汽车、消费品和医疗保健等领域,即3D技术会在很多领域有广泛应用。4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.3DPrintingIsChangingtheWorldB.3DPrint
11、ingMadeHistorybyTshifularoC.ABigBreakthrough3DPrintedEarsD.AHistoricMeetingLevisonandTshifularo【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章讲述了ProfessorTshifularo和他的团队的举世瞩目的成就利用3D打印的中耳骨成功进行了移植手术,以及3D打印技术的前景,因此B项为最佳标题。【知识拓展】词汇积累awardv.授予奖项world-classadj.世界级别的performv.执行consumergoodsn.消费品knowledge-sharingadj.知识共享的长难句分析Profe
12、ssorTshifularowhohasperformedtheworldsfirstmiddleeartransplantusing3DprintedbonestellsLevison.分析:who引导定语从句,现在分词using作状语翻译:世界上第一个使用3D打印的中耳骨实施中耳移植手术的Tshifularo教授告诉LevisonB(2021潍坊模拟)MomandIwereputtingthefinishingtouchesondinner,andmylittlenieceJessicacameintosetthetable.Insteadofgoingtothedishcabinet,s
13、hewentintothepantrywheretherewasastackofold,mismatcheddinnerplatesonthebottomshelf.Whenshehadsetallsixplates,shestoodbackandsighed,“Oh,Grandma,yourplatesaresobeautiful.Oursareallalike!”Wehadagoodlaughatherinnocentremark,butasIthinkbacktoallthoseyearsago,Ibelieveshewasright.Thoseplateswerebeautiful.M
14、omworkedforthelocalcouncilonagingasahousekeeper.Shedidmanyofthelittlethingsthatallowedelderlypeopletostayintheirownhomes.MostofherclientsgotMealsonWheels,aserviceinthe1970s.Theyreceivedahotlunchandacoldsnacktohavelaterintheevening.Thisisreallynotverymuchfood.EveryeveningMomwouldmaketo-gomealsonthese
15、mismatchedplatescoveredwithaluminumfoil,andthendeliverthemtothepeoplewhosheknewdidntgetenoughtoeat.Thiswasabouttenyearsbeforemicrowaveovensbecamecommon,soitwasimportantthatthefoodbeonaplatethatcouldbereheatedinaregularoven.Insteadofacoldsandwichandmacaronisalad,MomsclientsdinedonBeefManhattans,pan-f
16、riedchickenormeatloaf,alongwithveggiesandapieceofpieorcake.MomandDaddidthisevenafterMomleftherjob,andMomcontinuedafterDadsdeathuntilallherformerclientshadeitherpassedawayormovedout.When I was cleaning our Moms house after her death,I kept one as asouvenir(纪念品).Thatplateisasweetreminderofthelessonsof
17、generosityandcaringforonesneighborthatweremodeledformebymyparents.【文章大意】本文属于记叙文。作者由家中的旧盘子回忆到母亲曾经的无私助人。这些盘子对于作者来说意义特殊,它们提醒着作者要为人慷慨、关心邻居。5.Whydidtheauthorthinkthoseplatesbeautiful?A.Theywerenotallalike.B.TheywerelittleJessicaspride.C.Theywerecollectedfromdifferentplaces.D.Theyweresymbolsoftheparentski
18、ndness.【解析】选D。推理判断题。第二段提到“butasIthinkbacktoallthoseyearsago,Ibelieveshewasright.Thoseplateswerebeautiful.”以及最后一段提到“Thatplateisasweetreminderofthelessonsofgenerosityandcaringforonesneighborthatweremodeledformebymyparents.”说明这个盘子蕴含着特殊的意义,由此可知,作者认为那些盘子很漂亮是因为它们是父母慷慨和善良的象征。6.Whatdidtheauthorsmotherdotoea
19、rnalivinginthe1970s?A.Beahousewife.B.RunMealsonWheels.C.Deliverfoodtohouses.D.Dohouseworkfortheold.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Momworkedforthelocalcouncilonagingasahousekeeper.Shedidmanyofthelittlethingsthatallowedelderlypeopletostayintheirownhomes.”可知,作者的母亲是一名管家,她是靠为老年人做家务来谋生的,故选D。7.Whydidtheauthorsmother
20、maketo-gomeals?A.Itwasherjob.B.Shewasgoodatcooking.C.Shewantedtohelpbeyondherduty.D.Herfamilydidnthaveenoughtoeat.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中“EveryeveningMomwouldmaketo-go meals on these mismatched plates covered with aluminum foil,and thendeliverthemtothepeoplewhosheknewdidntgetenoughtoeat.”可知,母亲做便当是带给那些吃不
21、饱的人,虽然这超出了她的职责所在,但是她仍想帮助那些吃不饱饭的人,故选C。8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PlatesofSympathyB.APreciousSouvenirC.ServicesfortheSeniorD.AKind-heartedMother【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文由作者的侄女夸奖母亲的盘子漂亮开始叙述这些盘子的用途和其背后的故事。虽然这些盘子很陈旧,很不匹配,但是作者认为它们很漂亮,这是由于这些盘子背后那些感人的故事赋予了这些盘子特殊的意义,这些盘子代表了作者的父母对邻居的慷慨和关心,为后辈做出了榜样。盘子的线索贯穿始终,故选A。【
22、知识拓展】词汇积累remarkn.评论,评价mismatchedadj.不搭的remindern.暗示,提示souvenirn.纪念品generosityn.慷慨;大方.阅读填句(2021青岛模拟)Onetruthaboutmodernlifeisthatnobodyhasanytime.1Soletstryasimplethoughtexperiment.Imaginethatyoucameintopossessionofamagicalnewsetoftechnologiesthatcouldautomateorpromoteeverysinglepartofyourjob.2Maybey
23、oudpickupahobby,orhavemorechildren,orlearntorelaxandenjoyyourselfintheadditionalleisure.ButwhatifItoldyouthatyouwouldntdoanyofthosethings:Youwouldjustworktheexactsameamountoftimeasbefore.3Buttherearesimplereasonsforthis.Bettertechnologymeanshigherexpectationsandhigherexpectationscreatemorework.Formo
24、stofhistory,humanswereforcedtosufferfromtheirowndirtyandunpleasantsubstances.Mostfamiliesclotheswerewashedtwiceayear.Thefleetofhouseworktechnologiesthatcameintotheworldsuddenlybetweenthelate-19thandmid-20thcenturycreatednewnorms(标准)ofcleanliness-forourfloors,ourclothes,ourselves.4Automaticwashersand
25、dryersraisedourexpectationsforcleanclothesandencouragedpeopletogooutandbuynewshirtsandpants;housewivesthereforehadmoreloadsoflaundrytowash,dry,andfold.Inshort,technologymadeitmucheasiertocleanahouseto1890sstandards.5 They wanted a modern homewith dustless windowsills(窗台)and shinyfloorsandthisrequire
26、da40-to-50-hourworkweek,evenwiththeassistanceofmoderntools.A.Youarewastingyourtime.B.Thismightseemimpossible.C.Newnormsmeantmorework.D.Whatwouldyoudowiththeextratime?E.Thatmeansyoucanhavemoretimetorelax.F.Everybodyisbusy,burnedout,andoverloaded.G.Butbymid-century,Americansdidntwantthatoldhouse.【文章大意
27、】这是一篇说明文。不像我们想象的那样,科技的发展并没有给我们带来更多休闲时间。1.【解析】选F。由空前句“nobodyhasanytime”可知,现代人忙忙碌碌,没有空闲时间。所以此空应该为语义衔接,故选F。2.【解析】选D。根据第一段“Imagine that you came into possession of amagicalnewsetoftechnologiesthatcouldautomateorpromoteeverysinglepartofyourjob.”想象一下,你有了一项神奇的新技术,可以自动化或提升你工作的每一个部分。又根据空后的“Maybeyoudpickupaho
28、bby,orhavemorechildren,orlearntorelaxandenjoyyourselfintheadditionalleisure.”可知,这是有了空闲时间后,可能会做的事情,所以,选D。提问有空闲时间你会做什么事情,承接下文。3.【解析】选B。根据第二段中“Youwouldjustworktheexactsameamountoftimeasbefore.”可知,你工作的时间会和以前一样多,并没有被解放出来拥有更多的时间,再根据后面的But可知,这里是一个转折的关系,B项符合语境。4.【解析】选C。根据空后的“gooutandbuynewshirtsandpants;hou
29、sewivesthereforehadmoreloadsoflaundrytowash,dry,andfold”可知,新的标准并没有减少反而增加了家庭主妇的工作量。故选C。5.【解析】选G。根据空后的“Theywantedamodernhome”可知,他们想要新房子,不想要旧房子,所以和G项“Americansdidntwantthatoldhouse”相照应。故选G。【知识拓展】词汇积累possessionn.财产;所有物expectationn.期待;期望值loadn.负荷;工作量assistancen.帮助theadditionalleisure额外的闲暇时光pickupahobby培养
30、一种爱好.书面表达假定你是李华,是校英语报记者。5月1日,你跟随学校志愿队去阳光敬老院(SunshineNursingHome)开展志愿活动(送水、打扫卫生、聊天等)。作为校报记者,请按以下要求写一篇新闻报道。内容包括:1.介绍时间、地点、人物、活动;2.老人们的反应;3.简要评论。注意:1.词数80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.标题已给出,不计入总词数。VolunteersBroughtSunshinetotheElderly_【参考范文】VolunteersBroughtSunshinetotheElderlyOnMayDay,agroupofvolunteersfrom
31、ourschoolwenttoSunshineNursingHomeanddidsomevoluntarywork.Upontheirarrival,thevolunteerswerewarmlywelcomedandtheypresentedtheelderlywithflowersandfruit.Afterthattheystartedworkingatonce,cleaningthewindowsandsweepingthefloor.Witheverythingdone,theysatintheyard,chattingwiththeelderlypeople.Whenleaving,theelderlypeoplepraisedthemfortheirkindnessandsaiditwassuchawonderfuldaythattheywouldtreasureforever.Whattheydidhasbroughtjoyandwarmsunshinetotheelderlyandenrichedtheirownlife.