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1、智课网TOEFL备考资料美出狱妇女接受大学教一托福阅读机经背景 I never imagined I would end up in prison, says Vivian Nixon. I was supposed to go to law school, or be in some other profession. But I dont consider it a mistake. I consider it the thing that pushed me onto the path I belonged on. “我没想过我会坐牢”薇薇安.尼克松这么说。她说：“我应该上法学院，或是在
2、其他专业。但我不觉得这是个错误，我认为它把我推向属于我的道路。” That path is helping other former women prisoners pursue higher education, through an organization called College and Community Fellowship (CCF). The program was founded in 2000 by Barbara Martinsons, who taught college courses at Bedford Hills, a New York state wome
3、ns prison an hour from New York City. 这条道路就是通过一个名为“大学与社区奖学金”的组织帮助其他坐过牢的妇女追求高等教育。这个项目由芭芭拉.玛丁森创立于2000年，玛丁森在贝德福特希尔教大学课程。贝德福特希尔是距离纽约市一个小时车程的纽约女子监狱。 Post-release program A lot of her students would move on, to another correctional facility, or go home, and the question in her mind was always, will they e
4、ver finish college without someone pushing them to do it? says Nixon, now CCFs executive director, and an ordained minister of the African Methodist Episcopal Church. And she was probably right to guess, no, they wouldnt, because the demands one faces when coming home from prison are huge: Women hav
5、e to reconnect with children who were in foster care, women have to work, find a place to live. 尼克松说：“玛丁森的很多学生之后会去另一个监狱或出狱回家，她心理总是想，如果没有人敦促她们，她们会不会把大学念完?”尼克松现在是“大学 与社区奖学金”的执行主任，也是非洲卫理公会的指定牧师。尼克松说：“玛丁森猜她们不会，她大概是对的，因为这些妇女出狱回家要面临的事情很多，她们得和 被送去寄养的孩子恢复感情、找工作、找地方住。” Most post-release programs focus on hel
6、ping ex-prisoners with immediate needs like jobs or housing. In contrast, CCF matches women with the college programs that best suit their needs and goals, and helps them apply for admission and financial aid. And it offers ongoing counseling support for participants, most of whom juggle school with
7、 full-time jobs and family responsibilities. Funds to support the program - which spends about $4,000 a year on each participant - come mainly from private groups and foundations. 许多出狱协助项目的重点都是满足刑满释放者立即的需求，例如工作或住房。相反的，“大学与社区奖学金”将妇女的需求及目标和适合的大学项目配 对，并且帮助她们申请入学和奖学金。另外，这个项目也提供参加者咨询服务，因为参加者大部分都还有全职工作和家庭
8、义务。这个项目每年给每名参加者资助大约 4千元，资金主要来自私人团体和基金会。 Redemption A former participant herself, Nixon entered the program soon after her release from prison in 2001. She had served three years for forging checks and falsifying documents, to support a drug habit. In prison, she tutored other inmates, and found a ca
9、lling. 薇薇安.尼克松在2001年出狱后没多久加入了这个项目。她因为毒瘾伪造支票和文件而坐牢3年。在狱中，她辅导其他狱友并找到了她的职志。 What was missing for me, and what I think was missing in the world, was an organization that tapped into what was left of peoples hopes and dreams, that said its okay for you to want to be something, she says. You dont have to
10、accept just any job at a fast-food restaurant or cleaning up a hotel, or cleaning up the streets of New York City. You can still have desires and goals, and were going to help you meet those desires and goals. 尼克松说：“我觉得我少了什么，还有世界少了个什么，那就是一个组织去发掘人们还剩下的希望和梦想，并告诉你想要某些东西是没关系的。”她继续 说：“你不必只能作在速食餐厅的工作或者在饭店
11、打扫，或清扫纽约市街头。你还是可以有希望和目标，我们会帮助你达成那些希望和目标。” CCF holds regular get-togethers for its 270 current participants, with a social hour and lectures on things like financial literacy and career development. Each begins with the women updating the group on their educational progress. Many go on to graduate-le
12、vel programs. “大学与社区奖学金”为目前270名参与者举行定期的聚会，让大家交流并学习一些财政知识和生涯规划。每次聚会的开头是妇女向大家报告她们的教育进展，其中有许多人攻读到研究所。 Selina Fulford, for example, is working on her second Masters degree, and - she told the group at a recent meeting - she is planning to go on to a PhD program. And Im also an adjunct professor at the C
13、ollege of New Rochelle, so anybody that goes to the college and needs some help, come and see me! she said to applause. 以莎琳娜.富尔福特为例，她正在念第2个硕士，她在最近一次聚会上告诉大家，她想继续念博士。富尔福特在接受众人的掌声时说：“我也是新罗谢尔大学的兼任教授，所以有任何人想去那所大学，需要一些帮忙，那就来找我吧!” Moving on Vivian Nixon says all the women share a goal: building new lives a
14、nd moving past the shame of having been in prison. 薇薇安.尼克松说，所有妇女都有一个共同目标，那就是建立新生活，放下曾经坐牢的耻辱。 Even if we, looking from the outside, believe that someone has reached a point where there is no hope, and they are so broken and beaten down - theres always something left. And I believe in the potential of
15、 everybody, she says. Were taking whoever comes to us, and were using whatever they have left in them, to get them to a point where they can believe in themselves again. 她说：“即使我们从旁观者的角度来看觉得某个人已经到了绝望、被击垮的程度，但他总还会剩下一些东西，我相信每一个人都有潜力。”她接着说：“我们接纳任何来找我们的人，我们会善用他们身上还剩下的东西，将他们带到他们能够再度相信自己的地步。” Nationally, a
16、bout one in three women who are released from prison are sent back again because of new convictions or parole violations. But among women who participate in CCF, the rate is close to zero. 全国大约三分之一出狱的妇女因为新罪名或违反假释规定而重返监狱。但是在参加“大学与社区奖学金”的妇女当中，这个比例接近于零。 For me, the greatest result is that people are dr
17、eaming again, and having high hopes for themselves, high hopes for their children,” Nixon says. “To the world, our greatest result is that our constituents dont go back to prison. It just doesnt happen. 薇薇安.尼克松说：“对我来说，最棒的结果是人们又重燃梦想，对他们自己和小孩抱有很高的期望。”她还说：“对世界而言，最棒的结果是我们的参与者不要回去坐牢，而这根本没发生!” 相关推荐： 美参院否决避孕法修正案一托福阅读机经背景 4位共和党参选人超级星期二决战一托福阅读机经背景 欧盟领导人峰会注重就业和增长一托福阅读机经背景 俄公民自组选举观察团一托福阅读机经背景 艾滋病和结核病协同治疗更有效一托福阅读机经背景 相关字搜索： 托福