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1、2021/9/27121 Secrets to Becoming A Good SpeakerKai-Fu LeeManaging DirectorMicrosoft Research,China2021/9/272We Present Every Day!Not just conference talks.Product group meetingsBillG/TAB meetingsPreamble to a demoConvince a product group to be interestedPresent patent to a lawyerPresent a group resu
2、lt at offsite“Elevator”talks2021/9/273But Im not good at it.Presentation skills can be acquired.Examples:Bill GatesKai-Fu Lee2021/9/274What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.2021/9/275What is Communication Ski
3、lls?Verbal(words spoken)Vocal(tone,range,appeal,credibility of voice)Visual(physical appearance,clothing,gestures,eye contact)7%38%55%CommunicationSkills2021/9/276“Without effective delivery,a speech of the highest mental capacity can be held in no esteem.With effective delivery,even one with modera
4、te abilities maysurpass those of the highest talent.”-Cicero“The man who can think and does not knowhow to express what he thinksis at the level of him who cannot think.”-PericlesThe Importance of Communication Skills2021/9/277Communication Skills=Fake?Most important factor is PASSION!If youre passi
5、onate,your vocal&visual skills will come naturally.Passion could come from subject,experience,or environment.“There is just one sure cure for bad speeches Get truly excited on the subject,and 99 percent of the faults of your speaking will disappear.”-Robert Montgomery But there are skills to be lear
6、ned.Like reading,writing,typing.Must learn this,if you want your work to be understood!2021/9/278Verbal SkillsBe simple and clear!Dont ramble.Stop to think if you need to.Example one:Dan Quayle celebrates democracy:Example two:Dan Quayle trying to say“A mind is a terrible thing to waste”2021/9/279Ve
7、rbal SkillsSpeaking is not like writing!Use simple words.Dont use complex sentences.Can you understand this:Dont use ambiguous words in speech.2021/9/2710Vocal SkillsProject&resonate your voice.No“UM”s and“ER”s.(Pause instead).Silence is a tool(To draw attention).2021/9/2711Vocal SkillsPlay your voi
8、ce with pitch and tempo.To amplify a point,slow down,speak loudly,exaggerate inotation,pause in the right places.“You are right.I am wrong”Stalin to Trotsky“Ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country”-John F.KennedyBAD EXAMPLE:“I welcome this kind of examination,be
9、cause people have to know whether their president is a crook.Well,Im not a crook.”-Richard M.NixonDont use it everywhere!2021/9/2712Vocal Skills:Same message;many ways to deiverJohn Kennedy:“You need to contribute to your country”“Ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your
10、 country”.Quayle vs.Benson Debate:Quayle:I have as much experience in the Congress as Jack Kennedy did when he sought the presidency.Answer 1:“Jack Kennedy is better than you.”Answer 2:Senator,I served with Jack Kennedy.I knew Jack Kennedy.Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine.Senator,youre no Jack Kenn
11、edy.“2021/9/2713Vocal Skills:EnthusiasmPassion&Enthusiasm!If youre not passionate,why should we care?Example:Martin Luther KingI have a dream.That one dayThis nation will rise upLive up to the true meaning to its creed:We hold these truths to be self-evidentThat all men are created equal.2021/9/2714
12、Visual SkillsVisual Skills THE most importantAppear trustworthy&respectful.US Election 1960 was won on visual skills.Components of Visual SkillsEyesBodyHandsFace2021/9/2715Visual Skills EyesLook forward at audience(trust)Dont shift eyeballs;dont look in corner.Dont look too much at computer screen o
13、r your notes.Look at peoples faces(not eyes)3-6 seconds per person.Shift randomly.Nod,smile,use facial expression.2021/9/2716Visual Skills BodyStand up when talking.Walk around=informal.Dont:Rock,shake,lean too much.2021/9/2717Visual Skills HandsGesture complements talk.Should come naturally,without
14、 thinking.Make sure they match!Need to exaggerate a littleEspecially with large audience.Dont fidget or put in pocket.Videotape whole talk&watch.2021/9/2718Visual Skills FaceShow emotion!Most of the time:“I care a lot about this.”“I really believe in this.”“I love my work.”Sometimes(in response to q
15、uestions).“This is the most outrageous thing Ive ever heard.”“I will have nothing to do with this.”2021/9/2719What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.2021/9/2720Preparing the TalkAlways OVERPREPARE!Preparation
16、includes:Researching the background.Organizing the talk.Writing the slides.Rehearsing the talk.Last minute things.2021/9/2721Researching the BackgroundWhen youre invited,find out:How long is the talk?Whats the topic?(Say no if you dont care about the topic).Whos the audience.Once you say yes,you are
17、 COMMITTED to do a great job.2021/9/2722Organizing the TalkYoure the salesman.First lesson for salesmen:“Tell them what youre going to say.Say it.Tell them what you said”Very similar to your paper!2021/9/2723The Central Message(it)People will not remember everything.Have ONE clear walk-away message.
18、What do you want people to remember in 3 months?The answer to the question:“How was the talk?”Repeat it!2021/9/2724The OpeningSay something provoking!Give a(very short)outline/overview.2021/9/2725The SubstanceLogical.Convincing.Help them remember the message!Anticipate doubts&remove them.Smooth tran
19、sitions Dont lose the audienceOK to re-order the sub-topics.Keep repeating the message!2021/9/2726The EndingEnd with a BANG!Repeat the message.Say thank you.2021/9/2727Writing the Visuals(PowerPoint)Prepation(80%time)First prepare outline(recommend:Word).Then modify outline for:Logic onvincing,flow,
20、transitions.Actual Slide Writing(20%time)Should come almost directly from the outline.2021/9/2728Use of Visuals(PowerPoint)Visuals only support your talk.Spend more time on your talk!Simple and clear1 idea;3 sub-concepts;=6 lines.Readable Big&color-coordinated.Dont read from the slides!2021/9/2729Wh
21、at if Talk is ComplexDont lose people.Use grayed out outline.If idea is complex:Try really hard to avoid complex slides,butIf you must use it,use layers(prevent read-ahead&lack of focus).Remember to change slides for printing.Example.2021/9/2730If you must use complex layersa good exampleContent Ser
22、verProxy ServerClients3.return content1.open connection&send requestContent re-authoringClient/UserprofilesAdaptationschemesNetworkmonitoringCaching&pre-fetchingmanagement2.retrieve content 2.retrieve content 3.retrieve network data,user/client profiles4.perform adaptation5.return content1.open conn
23、ection&send request2021/9/2731Use of Demos/MultimediaKeeps the talk interesting.Dont overdo it.Should be tied to content.Ordering:2,N,N-1,N-2,.3,1 2021/9/2732Rehearsing Your TalkRecord&listen to every talk at least twice!Record:Best:PowerPoint features.OK:Tape recorder.Must do sometime:VideoAsk expe
24、rienced speaker to critique.Improve:Style,logic,timing per slide.2021/9/2733Get the Timing Right!Running out of time is a disaster.Write how much time should remain on each slide.2021/9/2734After youre more experienced.No longer necessary to record.Every new talk still must be rehearsed.Bring notes
25、if you arent confident.2021/9/2735Just Before the Talk.Prepare something matching the occasion.Make sure youre not too tired:Get enough sleep the previous night.Drink 3 cups of coffee!2021/9/2736What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to
26、 becoming a good speaker.2021/9/2737Delivering the TalkOvercoming language barrier.Overcoming nervousness.Art of Good Opening&ending.HumorAudience participation2021/9/2738Overcoming Language BarrierPerfect English not necessary.Know your limitations.Dont use fancy words,complex sentences.Dont take a
27、ny chance of looking silly.OK to bring cheat notes!2021/9/2739Outline&ScriptAlways make an outline.PowerPoint notes;Word Outline.Dont have to use it.It may be best to READ a speech.No excuse not to be fluent!(practice!)Dont stare at paper.(Memorize it if youre prefer).2021/9/2740Overcoming Nervousne
28、ss“Do the thing you fearand the death of fear is certain.”-Ralph Waldo Emerson2021/9/2741Hiding NervousnessIt is possible to hide nervousness!Dont let the shaking show!Make a fist;hold the lectern.Speak loudly.Take a deep breath.Look at a friendly face.Look above peoples heads.2021/9/2742Art of Good
29、 Opening&EndingOpeningSay something relevant to the occasion.Need to research background before the talk.Ending“If you remember only one thing from this talk,then you should remember XXX”.2021/9/2743HumorGood humor:Respectful.Relevant(better yet:original).Short.Plan your jokes:Remember what worked.U
30、se it again!2021/9/2744HumorHow to tell a joke?Set up(people should know a joke is coming up).Pause after climax(punch line).Move on naturally if no reaction!2021/9/2745Audience ParticipationBest way for people to remember!Ask audience a questionAnticipate their answer(s)!Respond with something inte
31、resting AND relevant.2021/9/2746Be YourselfLearn the skills;dont copy the styles.You must be yourself to be credible.Many styles could be effective:Bill Gates Brilliant technologistSteve Ballmer Powerful salesmanSteve Jobs Passionate evangelist2021/9/2747What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPr
32、eparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.2021/9/2748Q&AQ&A is your chance to:Amplify your points.Increase your credibility.2021/9/2749Dealing with QuestionsEasy QuestionsAmplify your points!Hard QuestionsNo need to answer directly.But dont hide!Narrow Ques
33、tionsTake offline.2021/9/2750Q&A Giving A Good AnswerRespect the listenerRight body languageRepeat the questionComplete if people cannot hear.Paraphrase to help amplify your point.If people are too shy,you start!Dont argue or dismiss a question.2021/9/275121 Secrets#1 Anybody can learn to give a goo
34、d talk.2021/9/275221 Secrets#2 Dont give a talk unless youre passionate.2021/9/275321 Secrets#3 Use simple and clear words.2021/9/275421 Secrets#4 Play your voice to focus on key points.2021/9/275521 Secrets#5 Silence is a great tool.2021/9/275621 Secrets#6 Overprepare every talk.2021/9/275721 Secre
35、ts#7 Tell them what youre going to say.Say it.Tell them what you said.2021/9/275821 Secrets#8 Have ONE clear central message for:the question“How was the talk”2021/9/275921 Secrets#9 Open your talk with something thought-provoking2021/9/276021 Secrets#10 Slides should be simple&clear.2021/9/276121 S
36、ecrets#11 Dont read from your slides.2021/9/276221 Secrets#12 Order your demos.2021/9/276321 Secrets#13 Rehearse&listen to each talkat least twice!2021/9/276421 Secrets#14 Time your talk on every slide.2021/9/276521 Secrets#15 It may be OK to read from a script.2021/9/276621 Secrets#16 Stay awake!Dr
37、ink 3 cups of coffee before your talk.2021/9/276721 Secrets#17 It is possible to hide nervousness.2021/9/276821 Secrets#18 Tailor your opening remarks to the occasion.2021/9/276921 Secrets#19“If you only remember one thing fromthis talk,you should remember XXX”2021/9/277021 Secrets#20 Humor&Interactivity must berelevant and well-planned.2021/9/277121 Secrets#21 Q&A can help you more than the audience.2021/9/2772ConclusionGiving a talk is easyIt just takes:A little passionA lot of practice!2021/9/2773