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1、21 Secrets to Becoming A Good SpeakerKai-Fu LeeManaging DirectorMicrosoft Research,China2021/9/271We Present Every Day!Not just conference talks.Product group meetingsBillG/TAB meetingsPreamble to a demoConvince a product group to be interestedPresent patent to a lawyerPresent a group result at offs
2、ite“Elevator”talks2021/9/272But Im not good at it.Presentation skills can be acquired.Examples:Bill GatesKai-Fu Lee2021/9/273What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.2021/9/274What is Communication Skills?Verbal
3、(words spoken)Vocal(tone,range,appeal,credibility of voice)Visual(physical appearance,clothing,gestures,eye contact)7%38%55%CommunicationSkills2021/9/275“Without effective delivery,a speech of the highest mental capacity can be held in no esteem.With effective delivery,even one with moderate abiliti
4、es maysurpass those of the highest talent.”-Cicero“The man who can think and does not knowhow to express what he thinksis at the level of him who cannot think.”-PericlesThe Importance of Communication Skills2021/9/276Communication Skills=Fake?Most important factor is PASSION!If youre passionate,your
5、 vocal&visual skills will come naturally.Passion could come from subject,experience,or environment.“There is just one sure cure for bad speeches Get truly excited on the subject,and 99 percent of the faults of your speaking will disappear.”-Robert Montgomery But there are skills to be learned.Like r
6、eading,writing,typing.Must learn this,if you want your work to be understood!2021/9/277Verbal SkillsBe simple and clear!Dont ramble.Stop to think if you need to.Example one:Dan Quayle celebrates democracy:Example two:Dan Quayle trying to say“A mind is a terrible thing to waste”2021/9/278Verbal Skill
7、sSpeaking is not like writing!Use simple words.Dont use complex sentences.Can you understand this:Dont use ambiguous words in speech.2021/9/279Vocal SkillsProject&resonate your voice.No“UM”s and“ER”s.(Pause instead).Silence is a tool(To draw attention).2021/9/2710Vocal SkillsPlay your voice with pit
8、ch and tempo.To amplify a point,slow down,speak loudly,exaggerate inotation,pause in the right places.“You are right.I am wrong”Stalin to Trotsky“Ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country”-John F.KennedyBAD EXAMPLE:“I welcome this kind of examination,because peopl
9、e have to know whether their president is a crook.Well,Im not a crook.”-Richard M.NixonDont use it everywhere!2021/9/2711Vocal Skills:Same message;many ways to deiverJohn Kennedy:“You need to contribute to your country”“Ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country”.Q
10、uayle vs.Benson Debate:Quayle:I have as much experience in the Congress as Jack Kennedy did when he sought the presidency.Answer 1:“Jack Kennedy is better than you.”Answer 2:Senator,I served with Jack Kennedy.I knew Jack Kennedy.Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine.Senator,youre no Jack Kennedy.“2021/9
11、/2712Vocal Skills:EnthusiasmPassion&Enthusiasm!If youre not passionate,why should we care?Example:Martin Luther KingI have a dream.That one dayThis nation will rise upLive up to the true meaning to its creed:We hold these truths to be self-evidentThat all men are created equal.2021/9/2713Visual Skil
12、lsVisual Skills THE most importantAppear trustworthy&respectful.US Election 1960 was won on visual skills.Components of Visual SkillsEyesBodyHandsFace2021/9/2714Visual Skills EyesLook forward at audience(trust)Dont shift eyeballs;dont look in corner.Dont look too much at computer screen or your note
13、s.Look at peoples faces(not eyes)3-6 seconds per person.Shift randomly.Nod,smile,use facial expression.2021/9/2715Visual Skills BodyStand up when talking.Walk around=informal.Dont:Rock,shake,lean too much.2021/9/2716Visual Skills HandsGesture complements talk.Should come naturally,without thinking.M
14、ake sure they match!Need to exaggerate a littleEspecially with large audience.Dont fidget or put in pocket.Videotape whole talk&watch.2021/9/2717Visual Skills FaceShow emotion!Most of the time:“I care a lot about this.”“I really believe in this.”“I love my work.”Sometimes(in response to questions).“
15、This is the most outrageous thing Ive ever heard.”“I will have nothing to do with this.”2021/9/2718What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.2021/9/2719Preparing the TalkAlways OVERPREPARE!Preparation includes:Re
16、searching the background.Organizing the talk.Writing the slides.Rehearsing the talk.Last minute things.2021/9/2720Researching the BackgroundWhen youre invited,find out:How long is the talk?Whats the topic?(Say no if you dont care about the topic).Whos the audience.Once you say yes,you are COMMITTED
17、to do a great job.2021/9/2721Organizing the TalkYoure the salesman.First lesson for salesmen:“Tell them what youre going to say.Say it.Tell them what you said”Very similar to your paper!2021/9/2722The Central Message(it)People will not remember everything.Have ONE clear walk-away message.What do you
18、 want people to remember in 3 months?The answer to the question:“How was the talk?”Repeat it!2021/9/2723The OpeningSay something provoking!Give a(very short)outline/overview.2021/9/2724The SubstanceLogical.Convincing.Help them remember the message!Anticipate doubts&remove them.Smooth transitions Don
19、t lose the audienceOK to re-order the sub-topics.Keep repeating the message!2021/9/2725The EndingEnd with a BANG!Repeat the message.Say thank you.2021/9/2726Writing the Visuals(PowerPoint)Prepation(80%time)First prepare outline(recommend:Word).Then modify outline for:Logic onvincing,flow,transitions
20、.Actual Slide Writing(20%time)Should come almost directly from the outline.2021/9/2727Use of Visuals(PowerPoint)Visuals only support your talk.Spend more time on your talk!Simple and clear1 idea;3 sub-concepts;=6 lines.Readable Big&color-coordinated.Dont read from the slides!2021/9/2728What if Talk
21、is ComplexDont lose people.Use grayed out outline.If idea is complex:Try really hard to avoid complex slides,butIf you must use it,use layers(prevent read-ahead&lack of focus).Remember to change slides for printing.Example.2021/9/2729If you must use complex layersa good exampleContent ServerProxy Se
22、rverClients3.return content1.open connection&send requestContent re-authoringClient/UserprofilesAdaptationschemesNetworkmonitoringCaching&pre-fetchingmanagement2.retrieve content 2.retrieve content 3.retrieve network data,user/client profiles4.perform adaptation5.return content1.open connection&send
23、 request2021/9/2730Use of Demos/MultimediaKeeps the talk interesting.Dont overdo it.Should be tied to content.Ordering:2,N,N-1,N-2,.3,1 2021/9/2731Rehearsing Your TalkRecord&listen to every talk at least twice!Record:Best:PowerPoint features.OK:Tape recorder.Must do sometime:VideoAsk experienced spe
24、aker to critique.Improve:Style,logic,timing per slide.2021/9/2732Get the Timing Right!Running out of time is a disaster.Write how much time should remain on each slide.2021/9/2733After youre more experienced.No longer necessary to record.Every new talk still must be rehearsed.Bring notes if you aren
25、t confident.2021/9/2734Just Before the Talk.Prepare something matching the occasion.Make sure youre not too tired:Get enough sleep the previous night.Drink 3 cups of coffee!2021/9/2735What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a
26、 good speaker.2021/9/2736Delivering the TalkOvercoming language barrier.Overcoming nervousness.Art of Good Opening&ending.HumorAudience participation2021/9/2737Overcoming Language BarrierPerfect English not necessary.Know your limitations.Dont use fancy words,complex sentences.Dont take any chance o
27、f looking silly.OK to bring cheat notes!2021/9/2738Outline&ScriptAlways make an outline.PowerPoint notes;Word Outline.Dont have to use it.It may be best to READ a speech.No excuse not to be fluent!(practice!)Dont stare at paper.(Memorize it if youre prefer).2021/9/2739Overcoming Nervousness“Do the t
28、hing you fearand the death of fear is certain.”-Ralph Waldo Emerson2021/9/2740Hiding NervousnessIt is possible to hide nervousness!Dont let the shaking show!Make a fist;hold the lectern.Speak loudly.Take a deep breath.Look at a friendly face.Look above peoples heads.2021/9/2741Art of Good Opening&En
29、dingOpeningSay something relevant to the occasion.Need to research background before the talk.Ending“If you remember only one thing from this talk,then you should remember XXX”.2021/9/2742HumorGood humor:Respectful.Relevant(better yet:original).Short.Plan your jokes:Remember what worked.Use it again
30、!2021/9/2743HumorHow to tell a joke?Set up(people should know a joke is coming up).Pause after climax(punch line).Move on naturally if no reaction!2021/9/2744Audience ParticipationBest way for people to remember!Ask audience a questionAnticipate their answer(s)!Respond with something interesting AND
31、 relevant.2021/9/2745Be YourselfLearn the skills;dont copy the styles.You must be yourself to be credible.Many styles could be effective:Bill Gates Brilliant technologistSteve Ballmer Powerful salesmanSteve Jobs Passionate evangelist2021/9/2746What Youll Learn Today:Communication skillsPreparing the
32、 TalkDelivering the TalkHandling Q&A21 secrets to becoming a good speaker.2021/9/2747Q&AQ&A is your chance to:Amplify your points.Increase your credibility.2021/9/2748Dealing with QuestionsEasy QuestionsAmplify your points!Hard QuestionsNo need to answer directly.But dont hide!Narrow QuestionsTake o
33、ffline.2021/9/2749Q&A Giving A Good AnswerRespect the listenerRight body languageRepeat the questionComplete if people cannot hear.Paraphrase to help amplify your point.If people are too shy,you start!Dont argue or dismiss a question.2021/9/275021 Secrets#1 Anybody can learn to give a good talk.2021
34、/9/275121 Secrets#2 Dont give a talk unless youre passionate.2021/9/275221 Secrets#3 Use simple and clear words.2021/9/275321 Secrets#4 Play your voice to focus on key points.2021/9/275421 Secrets#5 Silence is a great tool.2021/9/275521 Secrets#6 Overprepare every talk.2021/9/275621 Secrets#7 Tell t
35、hem what youre going to say.Say it.Tell them what you said.2021/9/275721 Secrets#8 Have ONE clear central message for:the question“How was the talk”2021/9/275821 Secrets#9 Open your talk with something thought-provoking2021/9/275921 Secrets#10 Slides should be simple&clear.2021/9/276021 Secrets#11 D
36、ont read from your slides.2021/9/276121 Secrets#12 Order your demos.2021/9/276221 Secrets#13 Rehearse&listen to each talkat least twice!2021/9/276321 Secrets#14 Time your talk on every slide.2021/9/276421 Secrets#15 It may be OK to read from a script.2021/9/276521 Secrets#16 Stay awake!Drink 3 cups
37、of coffee before your talk.2021/9/276621 Secrets#17 It is possible to hide nervousness.2021/9/276721 Secrets#18 Tailor your opening remarks to the occasion.2021/9/276821 Secrets#19“If you only remember one thing fromthis talk,you should remember XXX”2021/9/276921 Secrets#20 Humor&Interactivity must berelevant and well-planned.2021/9/277021 Secrets#21 Q&A can help you more than the audience.2021/9/2771ConclusionGiving a talk is easyIt just takes:A little passionA lot of practice!2021/9/2772