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1、英语直接引语和间接引语 Direct Speech and Reported Speech引语的概念引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;_;直接引语直接引语 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。间接引语间接引语直接引语通常都用直接引语通常都用_括起来，括起来，引号引号“”间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。宾语从句宾语从句eg:He says:“I like English.”He says that he likes English.v注意：注意：says 在间接引语中做引用动词。在间接引语中做引用动词。
2、句中引用动词句中引用动词says为一般现在时。为一般现在时。v定义：定义：引用动词：用来引导间接引语的动词引用动词：用来引导间接引语的动词.v用法用法:当句中的引用动词为一般现在时的时候，当句中的引用动词为一般现在时的时候，将直接引语改为间接引语时将直接引语改为间接引语时,时态保持不变。时态保持不变。vHe says:“I cleaned the floor.”vHe says that he cleaned the floor.vThe teacher tells us:“The earth moves around the sun.”vThe teacher tells us that t
3、he earth moves around the sun.v总结：总结：v当引用动词为一般现在时的时候，将直接引语变当引用动词为一般现在时的时候，将直接引语变为间接引语的时候，只有人称发生了改变。为间接引语的时候，只有人称发生了改变。Direct Speech Reported SpeechShe said,“I like singing.”She said,“I am waiting for a bus.”She said,“I visited Europe last year.”She said,“I have never met an American.”She said,“I wil
4、l see you next week.”She said she liked singing.She said she was waiting for a bus.She said she had visited Europe the year before.She said she had never met an American.She said she would see me the next week.Note:1.直接引语是陈述句直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连变为间接引语时用连 词词that引导宾语从句引导宾语从句.2.当引用动词为一般过去时的时候，从句当引用动词为一般过
5、去时的时候，从句 中的中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语地点状语等相应变化等相应变化.、人称的变化、人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二二随随宾宾第三第三人称人称不变不变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称在变间引后人称不变称不变She said,“I like Tennis.”She said thatshe liked tennis.He
6、said to Lily,“you must get up early.”He told Lily that she must get up early.She said to me,“They want tohelp him.”She told me that they wanted tohelp him.一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新v一随主：将直接引语变为间接引语时，直接引语一随主：将直接引语变为间接引语时，直接引语主语为第一人称的时候，要随主语变化。主语为第一人称的时候，要随主语变化。v二随宾：将直接引语变为间接引语时，直接引语二随宾：将直接引语变为间接引
7、语时，直接引语主语为第二人称的时候，要随宾语变化。主语为第二人称的时候，要随宾语变化。v第三人称不更新：将直接引语变为间接引语时，第三人称不更新：将直接引语变为间接引语时，直接引语主语为第三人称的时候，不发生变化。直接引语主语为第三人称的时候，不发生变化。直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时过去将来时The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the eart
8、h.”The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.注注:直引若是客观真理直引若是客观真理,变为间引时变为间引时,时态不变时态不变.时态变化2 2 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 this,that,these those now,then,today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four
9、days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next/following daynext month the next/following month here there come,go,bring take 情态动词情态动词 can,may,must could,might,had to Direct SpeechReported SpeechShe asked,“Have you seen the film?”She asked me whetherif I had seen the film.He
10、asked,“Are you a doctor,John?”He asked John ifwhether he was a doctor.She asked us,“Where are you going to get off?”She asked us where we were going to get off.He asked them,“Who gave you a talk yesterday?”He asked them who had given them a talk the day before.直直接接引引语语是是疑疑问问句句，变变间间接接引引语语时时，要从疑问语序变为要
11、从疑问语序变为陈述语序陈述语序。直直接接引引语语是是一一般般疑疑问问句句,变变为为间间接接引引语时语时,用连词用连词 if 或或 whether 连接。连接。直直接接引引语语是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句,变变为为间间接接引引语时语时,仍用仍用原来原来的疑问词的疑问词作连词来引导。作连词来引导。Note:Direct SpeechReported Speech“Never do that again,”the teacher saidThe policeman ordered us to be quiet.The policeman ordered:“Be quiet.”The teacher to
12、ld the boy to open the window The teacher said to the boy,”Open the window.”The teacher told me not/never to do that again“Wait a moment”she said to them.She asked them to wait a moment.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成把动词原形变成动词不定式动词不定式，并在动词不，并在动词不定定式式前加前加tell,ask,order,advise等等动词的宾语。动词的宾语。注意：
13、注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加否定句，在动词不定式前加not或或never.Note:解题步骤解题步骤:1.1.陈述句陈述句“I dont like computers,”Sandy said to her friends.Sandy said to her friends that I dont like computers.saiddidntsheSandy said to her friends that she didnt like computers.2.2.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Is it easy to work out the problem?(They asked him)T
14、hey asked himifIt is easy to work out the problem.it is easy to work out the problem.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.3.3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：When do you harvest the wheat?(They asked him)They asked himwhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him wh
15、en he harvested the wheat.4.4.祈使句祈使句Little boy,put on your coat.(They ordered)They ordered Little boy Little boy,put on your coat.put on your coat.to putto put They ordered the little boy to put on his coat.hishis 注意事项1)1)人称人称2)2)时态时态 3)3)相应的时间地点状语相应的时间地点状语4)4)标点符号标点符号5 5）大小写大小写6 6）问号改为句号问号改为句号7 7）语
16、序语序-疑问改陈述疑问改陈述8 8）宾语从句由什么引出宾语从句由什么引出9)9)祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述Exercises:1).Betty says to Harry,I want to borrow your book.”2).My teacher said,“she is a good student.”Betty says to Harry(that)she wants to borrow his Book.My teacher said that she was a good student.3)She asked me,”Do you agree w
17、ith me?”4)Anne asked her mother,“Is there any delicious food to eat?”She asked me if I agreed with her.Anne asked her mother if there was anydelicious food to eat.5)“What are you going to do?”he asked.6）“How do you go to school every day?”asked Mr.Zhang.He asked me what I was going to do.Mr.Zhang as
18、ked how I went to school everyday.7).Mom said,“Dont chat with strangers”8).“Go shopping with me,please?”said Mr.Wang.Mom told me not to chat with strangers.Mr.Wang asked me to go shopping with him.v1.Your classmates will visit Miss Wang this Sunday.Mr Li said to me.vMr Li told me .v2.Light travels m
19、uch faster than sound.Everybody in our class knew.vEverybody in our classknew_.v3.Please take good care of my dog when I am away.Mrs White said to her.v Mrs White her .v4.The doctor said to me,dont smoke any more.vThe doctor _ _ .v5.Jack,could you open the window for me,please?Mr Smith said.vMr Smit
20、h _ Jack _the window .v6.What time did he get up this morning?Please tell us vPlease tell us _ _ _.v7.Our classteacher said to him yesterday,please come early next time.Yesterday our classteacher _ him _ _.v8.Can you come here at once?The manager asked Kate on the phone.v The manager asked Kate on t
21、he phone .v9.The police want to find out,Is there a picture of the lost boy in the newspaper?v The police wants to find out .v一、按要求完成下列各题一、按要求完成下列各题v1.引语分类：引语分类：v2.直接引语：直接引语：v3.间接引语：间接引语：v4.引用动词：引用动词：v5.当引用动词为一般现在时的时候，将直接引语当引用动词为一般现在时的时候，将直接引语变为间接引语时，变为间接引语时，_ 不发生改变。不发生改变。v6.当引用动词为一般过去时的时候，将直接引语当引用动
22、词为一般过去时的时候，将直接引语变为间接引语时，变为间接引语时，_、_、_、_、_发生改变。发生改变。v8.状语的变化如下表状语的变化如下表 this can these may today must now tomorrow this week next month yesterday last week four days ago the day before yesterday here come bringv7.当引用动词为一般过去式时，将直接引语变成间接当引用动词为一般过去式时，将直接引语变成间接引语，时态的变化如下：引语，时态的变化如下：直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语一般现在时一
23、般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时v二、将下列直接引语变为间接引语二、将下列直接引语变为间接引语v1.She said,“I am very busy.”v_v2.“Hes doing his homework,”I said.v_v3.He said to me,“Ill be back soon.”v_v4.She said,“I saw you yesterday.”v_v5.Mary said,“I have told him the news.”v_v6.The teacher said,“light travels faster than sound.”v_此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢