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1、关于英语直接引语和关于英语直接引语和间接引语间接引语现在学习的是第1页，共25页 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech引语的概念引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;_;直接引语直接引语 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。间接引语间接引语直接引语通常都用直接引语通常都用_括起来，括起来，引号引号“”直接引语变为间接引语直接引语变为间接引语 就是写成就是写成宾语从句宾语从句现在学习的是第2页，共25页Direct Speech直接引语直接引语 Indirect Speech间接引语间接引语She said,“
2、I like singing.”She said,“I am waiting for a bus.”She said,“I visited Europe last year.”She said she liked singing.She said she was waiting for a bus.She said she had visited Europe the year before.现在学习的是第3页，共25页直直接接引引语语是是陈陈述述句句,变变为为间间接接引引语语时时用用that引引 导导 宾宾 语语 从从 句句.用用 say(to say(to me),tell,me),tel
3、l,think,think,wish wish,hope,hope,see,see,believe,believe,agree,agree,expect,expect,hear hear,feelfeel引引述述。连连词词thatthat只只起起连连接接作作用用，不不做做句句子子成成分分，也也无无词词汇汇意意义义，常常被被省省略略。从从句句中中的的人人称称、时时态、态、等相应变化等相应变化.现在学习的是第4页，共25页、人称的变化、人称的变化口诀说明直接引语间接引语一一随随主主二二随随宾宾第三第三人称人称不变不变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间接引后与主称变间接引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的
4、人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称在变间引后人称不变称不变She said,“I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennis.He said toLily,“you must get up early.”He told Lily that she must get up early.She said to me,“They want tohelp him.”She told me that they wanted tohelp
5、him.一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新现在学习的是第5页，共25页直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语一般现在时一般现在时 任何时态任何时态 现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时现在完成时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时过去将来时The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.”The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.注注:直引若是客观真理直引若是客观真理,变为间引
6、时变为间引时,时态不变时态不变.时态变化2 2现在学习的是第6页，共25页宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday.2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。Thechildrendidntknowwhohewas.3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：Theteache
7、rsaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。现在学习的是第7页，共25页 直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时 间间 状状 语语 地点状语地点状语 方向性动词方向性动词 this,these that,those now then today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before tomorrow the next/following daynext month the next/following month
8、 here there come,bring go,take情态动词情态动词 can,may,must could,might,had to 现在学习的是第8页，共25页解题步骤解题步骤:1.1.陈述句陈述句“I dont like computers,”Sandy said to her friends.Sandy said to her friendsthat I dont like computers.saiddidntsheSandy said to her friends that she didnt like computers.现在学习的是第9页，共25页1“I never ea
9、t meat.”he said.He said that _ never _ meat.2.“I have found my wallet.”he said to me.He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3.The teacher said,“The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.4.“You must come here before five.”he said.5.H
10、e said,“You can sit here,Jim.”6.“Im glad to get your e-mail.”He said to me.现在学习的是第10页，共25页 直直接接引引语语是是疑疑问问句句，变变间间接接引引语语时时，要要把把疑疑问问语语序序变变为为陈陈述述语语序序。用用askask引引述述，直直接接引引语语是是一一般般疑疑问问句句,用用if 或或 whether 连连接接“是是否否”Whether,if”Whether,if 在在从从句句中中不不做做成成分分，一般情况下，一般情况下，whetherwhether和和if if 可以替换。可以替换。在在 介介 词词之之
11、后后 用用whetherwhether.：Everything Everything depends depends on on whetherwhether we have enough money we have enough money。在在具具有有选选择择意意义义，与与or or notnot连连用用时时，往往往往用用whetherwhether例例：I I dont dont know know whetherwhether the the movie movie star star will will come come or or not.not.现在学习的是第11页，共25页2
12、.2.一般疑问句一般疑问句:Is it easy to work out the problem?(They asked him)They asked himifIt is easy to work out the problem.it is easy to work out the problem.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.现在学习的是第12页，共25页直接引语是直接引语是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时变为间接引语时,仍用仍用原原来来的疑问词的疑问词作连词来引导。作连词来引导。由由wh
13、-引导的宾语从句。连接代词引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,和连接副词和连接副词when,where,why,how 等连接的宾语等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。中充当句子的成分。宾语从句的语序，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句的语序，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，现在学习的是第13页，共25页3.3.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句：When do you harvest the wheat?(They asked him)
14、They asked himwhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.现在学习的是第14页，共25页1.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.Heasked_knewwhereshe_.2.“Areyouinterestedinthis?”hesaid.He_Iwasinterestedin_3.Doyougotoschoolonfoot?IsaidtoMike.4.Isyourmotheraworker?S
15、heaskedme.5.DoesMarystudyhard?Hewantstoknow.6.Heasked,“Howdoyoufindit,mother?”Heaskedhermother_it.7.“Whereareyouthesedays?”heasked.Heaskedme_thesedays.现在学习的是第15页，共25页 直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成词原形变成动词不定式动词不定式，并在动词不定前加，并在动词不定前加tell,ask,order,advise等动词的宾语。等动词的宾语。注意：注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加否定句，在动
16、词不定式前加not或或never.现在学习的是第16页，共25页Direct SpeechIndirect SpeechThe policeman ordered us to be quiet.The policeman ordered:“Be quiet.”The teacher told the boy to open the window The teacher said to the boy,”Open the window.”现在学习的是第17页，共25页宾语从句与简单句的交换宾语从句与简单句的交换由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语果宾
17、语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用时，可以用“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”做宾语的简单句做宾语的简单句结构。结构。例例He didnt know where he would live.He didnt know where to live.现在学习的是第18页，共25页1.Jack said to me,“You look worried today.”Jack told me that _ worried _.A.he lookstoday B.you looktoday C.we lookedthat day D.I lookedthat day
18、Exercise IIExercise II现在学习的是第19页，共25页2.We said to her,“Theyre walking through the street now.”We told her that _ through the street _.A.we were walkingthen B.you are walkingnow C.they were walkingthen D.they walkingnow 现在学习的是第20页，共25页3.Mr Black said,“I have walked a long way this week.”Mr Black said
19、 that _ a long way _.A.I had walkedlast week B.he had walkedthat week C.I walkedlast week D.he has walkedthis week现在学习的是第21页，共25页4.The man thought,“I shall take it back tomorrow.”The man thought that _ take it back _.A.I shalltomorrow B.I shallthe next day C.he shouldtomorrow D.he wouldthe next day
20、现在学习的是第22页，共25页5.They said to us,“Are you afraid to leave this house?”They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house.A.that were wethis B.that we werethat C.if were we this D.if we werethat现在学习的是第23页，共25页6.Jane said,“What did he hear about a week ago?”Jane asked _ about _.A.that he hearda week ago B.what he had heardthe week before C.what he had herd a week ago D.if he heardthe week ago现在学习的是第24页，共25页感感谢谢大大家家观观看看现在学习的是第25页，共25页