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1、第三册Unit 1 That must be a record!I单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：1conclusion；conclusive 2employ 3inspection 4gradually 5skiIl 6permit 7concentration8delighted/delightful 9energy 10careful 1 1faseination；faselnating；fascinated 12Enthuslasm高考须掌握的短语：1send 2row 3down 4in 5into 6on 7concentrate 8traek 9out 1
2、0for 11apply 12Next 13familiar 14permission考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇1conclude vtvi结束；推断出；结束时说eg： He concl Llded his speech with a joke他以一个笑话结束了他的演讲。 The meeting concluded at nine ocloc k会议9点钟结束了。 The poliee coneluded that he must be the murderer 警察断定他一定是杀人凶手。 To concludewish aIlof you good
3、health and a long life 最后祝大家健康长寿。相关链接：coneIusion n结论concIusive adj最后的；决定的用法拓展：conelude+n结束conelude that断定 to conelude为副词短语，用作结束语，表示“总之；最后”。 draw/reaeh/come to/arrive at a conelusion得出结论 in conelusion作结束语用表示“最后总之”特别提醒：(1)conelude还可用作不及物动词。 (2)to conclude；in conelusion，都为副词短语，表示“总之最后”作结束语时用。案例剖析 旁征博引
4、举一反三考题1-1 (典型例题分) . ld like to say how much Ive enjoyed staying in your country. A. To conclude B. To include C. In the conclusion D. As conclusion考题1-2 (典型例题 分)In_ _ conclu- sion, all the staff are ordered to draw conclusion from the speech the president made at the meeting. A.a; a B./; a C./; the
5、D. a; the考题11点拨：答案为A。to conclude，用作结束语。表示“最后，”；B选项to include不符合题意；c项in the conclusion应改为in conelunion。句意为：“最后，我想说我呆在你们国家是多么的高兴”。 考题12点拨：答案为B。此题考查冠词的用法。解此题须掌握两个固定短语的搭配，即：in conclusion“最后”；draw a conclusion “得出结论”。句意为：“最后，所有工作人员都要从主席的讲话中获得一个结论。” 总结提示：特别注意：to concludein conclusion，draw a conclusion等固定搭
6、配及其用法。 2account n账目；账户；叙述；原因eg： You can open an account with the Bank of China this afternoon 今天下午你可以到中国银行去开一个账户。 Please gwe us an account of your trip 请给我们讲一讲你旅行的情况。 He retired on account of poor heaIth由于身体不好，他退休了。相关链接：accountant n会计师；会计员用法拓展：on account ofbecause of由于因为 takeinto accounltake account
7、 of考虑 on no account切莫；决不account for解释；说明特别提醒：account还可用作动词常与for连用，表示“说明(原因)；解释”。考题2-1 (典型例题 分)He has behaved in the most extraordinary way recently; I wonder what can his actions. A. answer for B. wish for C. ask for D. account for考题2-2 (典型例题分 ) Jane has been crying all the morning. -Oh, perhaps bei
8、ng scolded by our teacher. A. because B. for C. on account of D. thanks to考题21点拨；答案为D。根据句意：“最近他的行为极不正常，我想知道他为何如此古怪。”account for“解释；说明”；而answer for“为负责”；wish for“希望”；ask for“寻求”，均不符合题意。考题22点拨：答案为C。根据句子的结构此题需要一个介词短语；而A、B两项均为连词，连接从句,故排除。而D不符合句意。句意为：“简哭了一个早上。“噢也许是因为老师责备了她。” 总结提示：特别注意使用on account of，acco
9、unt fot表“原因”的用法。3confjrm vt，证实；确认；加强eg：The latest development conirmed me in my belief最新的发展坚定了我的信念。 My boss wilI confirm that I was there at that time我的老板会证实那时我在那儿。相关链接：confirmed adj已被证实的；确定的用法拓展：confirm+n证实confirm that确定 confirm ones belief坚定信念confirm a contract批准合同考题3 (典型例题1 分) You look as if you
10、are in high spirit. John. -You are right. What Professor Zhang spoke at the meeting my belief in my job. A. checked B. proved C. made D. confirmed考题3点拨：答案为D。此题考查confirm ones belief坚定信念”。句意为：。约翰，你今天看上去情绪很好。你说对了张教授在会上的讲话坚定了我时工作的信心。”4concentrate vt集中；全神贯注 eg：we should concentrate all our efforts on imp
11、roving education我们应致力于改进教育工作。He concentrated on the study of science他把重点放在科学学习上。 My father is concentrating on drawing我父亲正全神贯注地画画。相关链接：concentration n集中；专心用法拓展：concentrate on sth专心致志于某事concentrate on doing sth 全神贯注做某事 concentrate st hon sth将集中于特别提醒：concentrate on后接名词或动名词考题4 (典型例题l 分)Small children c
12、ouldnt concentrate what they were doingwhile their family were watching TV. A, to B. on C. for D. in考题4点拨：答案为B。此题考查concentrate on。专心致志干某事。”句毒为：。当小陔子的謇人看电视时他们是不会专心致志做自己的事的。” 总结提示：concentrate on后接名词或动名词。 5attempt vt尝试；努力 n试图；企图 eg：He made an attempt to climb the mountain but failed他企图要爬上这座山，但失败了。 I at
13、tempted to 1eave but was stopped我想走但被拦住了。用法拓展：attempt to do企图干 attempt doing试图干 make an attempt to do sth试(企)图做 be in attempts to do sth试图干attempted tourder谋杀未遂特别提醒：attempt后接不定式或动名词且常接不定式居多。考题5 (典型例题分)Catherine has been pre-paring for the English exam for a long time, so that she can be sure of pass
14、ing it at her first A. request B. attempt C. pr.omise D. purpose考题5点拨：答案为B。根据。Catberine has been preparing forthe English exam可得知，她确信第一1次尝试就通过考试故选B句意为：“凯思琳已准备英语考试很长时间了，她确信她第一次就会通过。”总结提示：at first attempt“第一次尝试”。attempt相当于try。6permission，n许可，同意eg： When building a house， you must ask for the government
15、s permission当盖房时，你必须得到政府的同意。You can leave with my permission我同意你离开。相关链接：permit vt许可；同意 permissive adj许可的；同意的用法拓展：with ones permission在某人同意的情况下 wtthout ones permission未经许可 permit domg sth同意干某事 permit sbto do=be permitted to do同意某人干某事特别提醒：permit后接动名词，不接不定式，但其被动形式可接不定式。考题6-1 (典型例题i)We must look for Mr
16、Smith, permission we can enter the lab. A. with whom B. whose C. with whose D. who考题6-2 (典型例题 分) Those who dont take cards arent permitted the meeting room unless you get the chairmans A. entering; permission B. to enter; order C. to enter; permission D. enter; permission考题61点拨：答案为c。此题关链是分清Mr Smith后
17、艰一定语从句。且考查with ones permission的用法。句意为l“我们必须找到史密斯先生在他的允许下我们才能进实验室。”考题62点拨：答案为C。此题考查permit sbto do sth的被动语态be permitted to do的用法。句意为：。那些没带证件的人不允许进入会议室,除非得到主席的同意。”总结提示：permit后只接动名词形式，若permit甩被动则用动词不定式。7burst vi爆炸；爆破 eg：The water pipe froze and burst水管冻裂了。 On hcaring the funny joke，they burst out laughi
18、ng当听了这个有趣的笑话他们大笑起来。 When China won the bid for the 2008Olympic Gamesall the Chinese burst into cheers当中国获得2008年奥运会主办权时中国人都欢呼起来。用法拓展：burst into cheers欢呼起来 burst into tears/laughter突然哭/笑起来 burst out crying/Iaughing突然哭/笑起来特别提醒：burst into+n burst out+doing考题7 ( 典型例题分) When a boy with dirty spots on the
19、face came in, people present all burst laughing while he burst tears. A. out; out B. into; out C. into; into D. out; into考题7点拨：答案为D。此题考查burst into+n和burst out doing。句意为：“当一个满脸脏兮兮的小孩进来时所有在场的人突然笑了然而他却哭了。” 总结提示：burst into sth而burst out doing sth。二、重点短语8next to prep(场所，顺序)接近的；旁边；仅次于egl who stood next to
20、 yon?谁站在你旁边? Next to driving，I like playing cards best除开车外，我最喜欢打牌。 It is next to impossible to cvre hef iIlness要治好她的病几乎是不可能的。用法拓展：next to几乎 next to nothing几乎没有 next to impossIble几乎不可能 next to none不比任何人差的特别提醒：next to除当“靠近”，还表示“仅次于”“几乎”之意，后两种意思特别留意。考题8 (典型例题)What a pity! You are Yang Yang who won the
21、race for 0.01 second. A. faster B. beyond C. next to D. beside考题8点拨：答案为c。从What a pity!得知，“你”比冠军杨洋仅差001秒、故选c。句意为“真可惜，你仅比杨洋差o01秒屈居第总结提示：牢固掌握next to表示“仅次于”之用法。9in the first place最初；首先；第一eg： He is in the flrst place in EngIish in class 在班上，他的英语独占鳌头。 In the first place， we should obey the ruIes and follo
22、w the instruetions首先，我们应遵守规章听从命令。用法拓展：in place在适当的位置，适应的 dut of place 不适当地，不得其所in place of sb代替某人 take the place of代替 take place发生特别提醒：in place of为介词短语；take the place of为动词短语。考题9 (典型例题分 )-Your room looks so tidy. -Thank you. ld like to have everything A. in place B. in the first place C. in an order
23、 D. with order考题9点拨：答案为A。AkYour room looks so tidy”得知，房问内整齐有序，故选A。而in the first place“第一”不符合题意。句意为：“你的房间看起来很干净。多谢，我喜欢样样东西都恪得其所。”10be familiar with对熟悉eg： He is familjar with English他通晓英语。 we are familiar with Charlie chaplin我们非常熟悉卓别林。用法拓展：be famlliar to对是熟悉的特别提醒：be famlliar with sb/sth熟悉某人/某物be famli
24、lar to sb/sth对某人/某物是熟悉的考题10(典型例题分)Dont be too familiar him, for he is a strange man and isnt familiar us. A; to; with B. with; to C. with; for D. on; to10点拨：答案为B。此题考查be familiar with“对亲密或熟悉某人”;be familiar to“对于来说是熟悉的”。句意为：“不要跟他太亲热了，因为他是一个陌生人且对我们来说是不熟悉的人。”总结提示：分清be familiar with和be familiar to。三、重点交际
25、用语11That is Ihe same as fjve TVs1t is also about two times my weight他的重量和5台电视机的重量一样也是我体重的两倍。 本单元的功能项目为计量和比较。表示比较的句型在历年高考中都是考查的热点，现将常用的比较句型归纳如下： (1)同级比较 A is aas BA和B一样 eg： My son is as heavy as me我儿子和我一样重。 A is the sameas B eg： John is the same age as me约翰和我一样大。 (2)分数/倍数的表达 times asaseg： This box is
26、 twjce as heavy as that one这个盒子是那个的2倍重。 times+比较级than eg： He is three times older than me他的年龄是我的3倍。 times+the size/length/width ofeg： This room is half the size of that one这个房间是那个房间的一半大。特别提醒：倍数的表达方式为固定句型。一定要分清。考题11-1 (典型例题 分)He speaks English well indeed, but of course not a native speaker. A. as fl
27、uent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than考题11-2 (典型例题分)The house rent is expensive. Ive got about half the space I had at home and Im paying here. A. as three times much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much考题111点拨：答案为c。根据前句谓语speaks可以判断用副词flue
28、ntly。且考查同级比较选项D应用much more fluently than。 句意为：“他英语说得确实好，但是当然不如英语为母语的人说得流利。”考题112点拨：答案为D。此题考查倍数的表达方式，即倍数+a sas。句意为：“我租的这个房子的租金太贵了只有我家里房子的大约一半大，但要付3倍多的租金。” 四、重点句型 l2Impressive as the Pecord is，it fades next to the story of Acmstrongs struggle against disease虽然这项纪录令人难忘，但阿姆斯特朗与疾病抗争的故事比它更加令人瞩目。 as引导让步状语从
29、句表示“尽管，虽然”，从句的语序须用倒装语序。 eg：Angry as he was，he listened to me patiently 他很恼怒却能耐心听我说话。Try as he WOUld，he failed尽管他尽力了，他还是失败了。用法拓展：(1)though引导让步状语从句，可以用正常语序也可以使用倒装正像as。 eg： Child thcagh he ls，he knows a lot一Though he is a child。 he knows a lot尽管他是个孩子，但懂很多知识。 (2)Although引导让步状语从句，用正常语序，不使用倒装。 eg：Although
30、 he is old，he can lift a big stone尽管他很老，他还能举起大石头。特别提醒：(1)as引导让步状语从句时必须使用倒装语序。 (2)当表语为名词。且名词前有冠词时，放在句首时冠词须省略。考题12-1 (典型例题分)Much I hate him, I will help him in time of danger. A. although B. even if C. as D. however考题12-2(典型例题 , he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. A. A quiet student
31、 as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student考题121点拨：答案为c。解此题关键要认清句子使用的语序一一倒装语序，A、B两项不用倒装语序。而D项使用倒装语序。但必须为however much I hate him，故选C。句意为：“尽管我讨厌他，我还是会在危险时帮他的。”考题122点拨；答案为B。as引导让步状语从句，表语为单数名词时，前面的冠词在倒装语序中须省略。五、词语辨析 13instead,instead of，tak
32、e the place of,take placen place of (1)instead与instead of都有“代替”意思,但它们的词性不同，instead是副词。而instead of是复合介词。instead意为“代替顶替”，可单独在句中作状语。instead of后面跟名词、代词、形容词、副词和介词短语等。其意为“代替而不是”，含有“用前者而不用后者”的意味。 (2)take the place of侧重前者代替后者并不含有对后者的否定，只是一种交换、代替关系是动词词组，在句中作谓语。 (3)take place意为“发生”。是不及物动词短语，无被动。(4)in place of
33、很多时候可以与instead of换用。但更强调“取代”之意。特别提醒：(1)instead of前后连接成分是对称的。 eg：We shall inthe garden instead of in the house我们将在花园里而不是房 子里喝茶。 (2)take the place of是用作谓语动词的。考题13(典型例题 分)用 instead, instead of, take place, take the place of 的适当形式填空 (1)Shall we have fish meat today? (2) The water here is not good, so Im
34、 drinking beer (3)The wheels turned quickly, but going for- ward the bus slid into the mud. (4)Plastics many traditional materials. (5)Great changes in my hometown.考题13点拨：(1)instead of(2)instead(3)instead of(4)have taken the place 0I(5)have taken place总结提示；take place无被动。instead为副词。语法归纳 精通规则 游刃有余本单元的
35、语法重点是句子成分主语1句子的成分句子由各个组成部分构成，这些组成部分叫做句子的成分(members of the sentence)。总的说来，句子皆由两大部分组成。一是主语部分(su bject group)一是谓语部分(predicate group)， eg：The Peoples Republic of China was born in 1949中华人民共和国成立于1949年。 句中的The Peoples Republic of China即是主语部分。was born in1949即是谓语部分。但句子的成分要比句子的两大部分更加明确具体，可分为主语、谓语(或谓语动词)、表语、宾
36、语、定语、状语、补语、独立成分等。eg：The weather was quite nice天气相当好。(the weather是主语，was是谓语动词nice是表语quite是状语) I need a quiet room to study in我需要一间安静的屋子来学习。(I是主语，need是谓语或谓语动词，room是宾语quiet是定语，to study in是补足语)In a fierce shootout five criminals were shot dead在一次猛烈交火中。五个罪犯被打死。(in a fierce shoot out是状语，dead是主语补足语) Unfort
37、unatelyhe had his watch stolen很不幸，他的表被偷了。(unfortunately是独立成分stolen是宾语补足语)词类与句子的成分不同。前者纯指单词的分类，后者则指词类、短语、从句等在句子中的功能。词类中也只有具有实义的词类，如名词、代词、数词、动词、形容词和副词等，才可用作句子的成分。其他无实义的虚词，如冠词、连词和介词等，则不可用作句子的成分。 2主语 主语(su bject)是一个句子的主题(theme)是句子所述说的主体。它的位置一般在一句之首。可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。(1)名词用作主语。 eg：Little streams feed b
38、ig rivers小河流人大江。A tree has fallen across the road一株树倒下横在路上。(2)代词用作主语。 eg：Youre not far wrong你差不多对了。He told ajoke but打fe“fIat他说了一个笑话但没有引人发笑。(3)数词作主语。 eg：Threes enough三个就够了。Four from seven leaves three7减去4等于3。(4)名词化的形容词用作主语。 eg： The idle are forced to work懒汉被迫劳动。Old and young marched side by side老少并肩而
39、行。(5)不定式用作主语。 eg：To find your way is very important你找到路非常重要。It WOUld be nice to see him again如能再见到他那将是一件愉快的事。(6)动名词用作主语。 eg：Smoking is bad for you吸烟对你有害。 Waching a film is a pleasure；making olle is hard work看电影是乐事制作影片则是苦事。(7)名词化的过去分词用作主语。 eg：The disabled are to receive more money残疾人将得到更多的救济金。 The de
40、ceased died of old age死者死于年老。(8)从句用作主语。 eg：Whenever you are ready will be fine你不论什么 时候准备好都行。 Because Sally wants to leave doesnt meall that we have to不能说因为 萨利要走因而我们也得走。(9)当主语为不定式、动名词或从句时可用形式主语it来代替而将真正主语放后面。 eg： It is a great joy to battle against difficulty与困难作斗争，其乐无穷。 Il is no use trying to keep h
41、im in bed劝他卧床休息是没有用的。 It is known to us all that the earth travels around the sun地球绕太阳转这是众所周知的。特别提醒：(1)the+形容词(过去分词)表示“一类人”时。谓语动词用复数。 (2)从句作主语时，从句之前须有引导词且语序用陈述语序。 (3)不定式与动名词作主语时，其意义不同。动名词作主语表示抽象的、 一般的事情；而不定式作主语表示一次具体的行为。考题1 (典型例题) nothing to do with us. A. What he did is B. What he has done C. What
42、did he do D. What he has done has考题2 (典型例题)_ _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed考题3 ( 典型例题 分 ) sometimes keeps her awake at night Tom is getting more and more quiet at home.A. That; which B. It; that C. Wheth
43、er; what D. What; that考题4 ( 典型例题 分 ) Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but didnt help. A. he B. which C. she D: it考题1点拨；答案为D。解此题关键要清楚从句作主语同时have nothing to do with“与有关系”为田定搭配。句意为：。他所做的事情与我们无关。”考题2点拨:答案为C。动名词作主语。A为过去分词。不能作主语。D也不能作主语。B应改为被动语态。句意为：。暴露在阳光下太久时皮肤没有好处。”考题3点拨：答案为B。lt用
44、作形式主语。而that从句为真正主语放在句子后面。句意为：“汤姆在家里越来越安静了。这让她晚上睡不着。”专题4点拨：答素为D。考查it指代前面提到的事。句意为：“汤姆的妈妈一直告诉他。要他好好学习但是没有用。”总结提示:特别注意：语法中的(5)(6)(8)(9)四务讲解。IV专题探究 由点及面 由表及里专题探究：表格填空题专题详解：在典型例题次采用了填空题并且在听力中加了填空题，这对测试学生的听力提出更高的要求，不仅要考查捕捉听力材料信息的能力。还要考查考生对信息的加工，理解及单词拼写掌握的能力这就要求考生做此类题时要做到以下几点：1首先要弄清表格的结构，掌握问题的内容和填写信息的要求。2。在听的过程中捕捉与问题有关的关键信息。考题(典型例题5分)听短文完成下面表格，每空填不超过3个单词Coming to the Wrong House Things to do Reasons difficuIt to have your fridge。TV set or washing machine repaired E