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1、届高考英语第一轮复习指导 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望(2008福建)阅读下面一则广告，按要求完成写作任务。EIL International English Summer CampVolunteer WantedEIL was founded in Britain in 1936 with the fundamental aim of international understanding“Learn to live together by l
2、iving together”Requirements:Over 16;good knowledge of English;outgoing;working well with children between 712Activities:Language study,outdoor recreation and travelCampers:Students from different countriesCamp site:Mount Wuyi,FujianTime:July 26August 9Application deadline:July 15,2008If interested,p
3、lease email to infoeiluk.org假设你是李华，这则广告引起了你的兴趣，请用英语写一封自荐信。要点如下：1对夏令营主题的理解；2根据招聘要求自我介绍；3参加夏令营的目的。注意：1信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；2词数100左右。Dear Sir，Im Li Hua from Fujian._I am looking forward to your early reply.Sincerely yours，Li Hua参考答案Dear_Sir，Im_Li_Hua_from_Fujian.When I was reading the advertisement,the
4、aim of this activity impressed me greatly.I think it instructive to learn to live together by living together.It is a good opportunity for the only child like me to learn to share and work together.Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.As a boy of 17,I am outgoing,good at English an
5、d have experience of working well with children aged from 7 to 12.I think it is a kind of winwin activity.For one thing,I can help take care of the children.For another thing,I can improve my English,make more friends,and enrich my life during the summer vacation.I_am_looking_forward_to_your_early_r
6、eply.Sincerely_yours，Li_Hua.重点单词1_(vt.)替换2_(vt.)比较3_(n.)总统；校长；行长；会长4_(vt.)发表；出版；公布5_(n.)台；看台；摊，摊位6_(n.)运动；动作；运转7_(n.)信号8_(n.)服务；服务性工作9_(vt.&n)交换；交流；兑换10_(n.)贸易；商业11_(adj.)国际的；世界的12_(n.)情形；境遇；(建筑物等的)位置13_(n.)总数；合计 (adj.)总的；全部的；整个的14_(adj.)本国的；本地的 (n.)本地人；本国人15_(n.)宽的答案pare3.president4.publish5.stand
7、6movement7.signal8.service9.exchange10.trade 11international12.situation13.total14.native15.broad.词汇拓展1independent_(n.)独立，自主_(n.反义词)依赖，依靠_(adj.)依靠的，依赖的2communicate_(n.)通信；联系3global_(同义词)_(n.)球体，地球仪4equal_(adv.)同样地，平等地_(n.)平等5majority_(反义词)少数6repeat_(n.)重复7pronounce_(n.)发音；发音方法答案1independence;depende
8、nce;munication 3worldwide;globe4.equally;equality5.minority 6repetition7.pronunciation.重点短语1_ the same 保持一样2have(no)difficulty in _ sth.做某事(没有)有困难3more _ less 或多或少4be different _ 与不同5communicate _ 与交流6_ than 超过，不仅仅7a great _ 许许多多的；极多的8bring _ 引进；引来9end _ 以告终10come _ 发生11stay _ 不睡；熬夜12except _ 除了之外13
9、_ total 总共14_ oneself at home 别客气答案1stay2.doing3.or4.from5.with6.more7many8.in9.up10.about11.up12.for13in14.make.重点句型1What do you mean by.?你是什么意思？2more than的有关句型.重点语法Direct and Indirect Speech(Imperative Sentence)直接引语和间接引语祈使句.词汇聚焦1majority n.大多数思维拓展the/a majority(of.)大多数()most名词多数mostly形容词/副词主要地/多半指
10、点迷津majority作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于其后的名词或句子的意思。若强调由个体组成的“大多数”，谓语动词用复数；若强调整体时，则谓语动词用单数。The majority of students _ _ favour of his suggestion.A.are;inB.is;inC.are;for D.are;at解析：students是复数形式，故谓语动词用are。in favour of“支持，拥护”，是固定结构。答案：A2native n.当地人；adj.出生地的思维拓展a native of London/Beijing伦敦/北京的本地人speak/act like a na
11、tive像当地人一样说/做ones native language/tongue母语be native to.原产于某地go native to.原产于某地go native同化(指文化、风俗等)3equal adj.相当的；v.等于；比得上思维拓展divide/cut sth.into equal parts把某物分成/切成等份with equal ease同样自如(做某事)equal to sth./doing sth.胜任某事on equal terms with sb.与某人平等相处equally adv.平等地；同样equality n.平等4forget v.忘记思维拓展In so
12、me parts of London,missing a bus means _ for another hour.A.waiting B.to waitC.wait D.to be waiting解析：根据题意“没赶上公共汽车就意味着再等一小时”知该题考查“meandoing”结构的意义。答案：A5total n.总共，总计；adj.全部的思维拓展a total of 94 people总共94人in total(in allaltogetherall togethertotally)总共，总计the total cost/debts/amount/population总共花费/债务/总量/
13、人口总数a total failure/stranger彻底的失败者/完全陌生的人in total silence完全沉默total(up to)(come toamount toadd up toreach)总计，总数是(无被动)How many monkeys are there in the zoo?The number of monkeys there _ ten,_ the newlyborn ones.A.come to;includingB.has reached;includingC.is totalled;includingD.has added up;including解析
14、：句子的意思是“包括刚出生的，猴子的数量是十只。”“总计”可以用come to,total,reach,add up to但是不能用被动语态，而且句子主语the number是单数；此处including放在被包括的事物前，included放在被包括的事物之后。答案：B6service n.服务思维拓展free medical service免费医疗the telephone service电话设施China Travel Service中国旅行社a marriage service婚礼at ones service听某人差遣，任凭某人使用in service被雇佣着；在服兵役of servi
15、ce(to sb.)(对某人)有用的，有帮助的service charge服务费If you ever need my help,I am _.A.at your service B.of your serviceC.in service D.serving解析：题意应是：你要是什么时候需要我帮助，我随时可以帮你。at ones serviceready to help sb.。答案：A7stand n.看台；v.站，支持思维拓展stand aside靠边站，避开stand by站在/立在旁边stand away保持距离，不接近stand against反对，背靠着，倚着站立stand(up)
16、for维护，起来拥护stand up to敢于面对，经得起，耐得住stand out显眼，出色(outstanding adj.出色的，显著的)stand up起立stand back避开；往后站，位于靠后的地方stand on ones hands双手倒立stand on one hand/leg/foot单手/腿/脚立指点迷津represent作“象征，代表”解时，是及物动词，可以使用被动语态。stand for不可以使用被动语态。There are 51 stars on Americas national flag,each _ a state.A.standing for B.sta
17、nds forC.represented D.to represent解析：句子的意思是“美国的国旗上有51颗星，每一颗星代表一个州。”由于句中使用逗号，each后面的动词不能作谓语，只能是独立主格的形式，又因为each与stand for是逻辑上主谓关系，所以用standing for或representing。答案：A8lie vi.躺，卧；位于思维拓展lie in bed 卧病在床lie in在于，存在于lie down躺下lie on ones side侧卧lie on ones back仰面朝上躺着lie on ones face/stomach趴着指点迷津lielay vt.lai
18、dlaidlaying平放，搁置；产卵，下蛋lie to sb.(tell a lie to sb./tell lies to sb.)说谎lay eggs产卵，下蛋lay the table摆放桌子(准备吃饭)The boy _ in bed _ to his father that he had _ the book on the table.A.lying;lied;laid B.laying;laid;liedC.lied;lay;lain D.lain;lying;laid解析：句子意义是“躺在床上的那个男孩对他父亲撒谎说他已经把书放在桌子上了。”lying in bed是现在分词短
19、语，作后置定语修饰the boy;lie作“撒谎”解时过去式为lied;lay是及物动词，后接宾语the book，此处用过去分词laid。答案：AIf only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed,he would not suffer so much now.A.lies B.layC.had lain D.should lie解析：本题考查动词lie在句子中的正确形式。If only标志后面的句子使用虚拟语气，as the doctor instructed表明事情发生在过去，因此该句是对过去的虚拟，应用had lain。注意本题考查了混合虚拟条件
20、句，即主句与从句表达对不同时态的虚拟，解题时应按照各自的时间状语提示。答案：CIn the dark forests _，some large enough to hold several English towns.A.stand many lakes B.lie many lakesC.many lakes lie D.many lakes stand解析：这句话是倒装句式。地点状语提前，构成全部倒装。lie表示“存在，有”；stand表示“矗立”，不符合句意。答案：B9enjoy v.从获得乐趣；享有思维拓展enjoy名词/代词enjoy the play喜欢这部戏剧enjoy good
21、 health享有健康enjoy动名词enjoy listening to music喜欢听音乐enjoy oneself过得愉快；玩得高兴enjoyable adj.使人愉快的enjoyment n.乐趣；愉快指点迷津有些动词或动词短语的后面只能接动名词作宾语，如：admit,advise,avoid,appreciate,consider,delay,finish,miss,permit,practise,enjoy,risk,imagine,allow等。I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island.A.to ha
22、ve had time B.having timeC.to have time D.to having time解析：appreciate意为“欣赏，赞赏”，其后接动名词作宾语，而不能用不定式作宾语。答案：B10expression n.短语；表情思维拓展expression n.U表达，表示C表情；短语expression of idea思想的表达read with expression有表情地朗读express vt.表达，表示express ones views/ideas表达自己的观点express oneself表达(自己的)意见/态度express sth.to sb.向某人表示e
23、xpress(to sb.)宾语从句向某人表示express adj.特快的an express train快车My companion _ his surprise when he learned his _ hadnt arrived for such a long time.A.expressed;luggagesB.expressed;luggageC.described;luggagesD.described;luggage解析：luggage“(总称)行李”，是不可数名词；express ones surprise表示“吃惊”。describe“描写，描述”。答案：B11compa
24、re v.&n.比较，比作，对照思维拓展compare.with.将与做比较；对照compare.to.把比作；说像compared to/with.与相比较compare notes交换思想、观点或意见beyond compare无与伦比指点迷津compared to/with.固定结构，作状语。_ with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.A.Compare B.When comparingC.Comparing D.When compared解析：the biggest ocean与
25、compare存在逻辑上的被动关系，须用过去分词短语作状语，其前的when用来突出时间意味。答案：D.短语突破1more than思维拓展more than用于名词前，意为“不只是，不仅仅”。more than a teacher不仅仅是老师more than用于数词前，意为“比多”，“超过”相当于over。more than two years超过两年more.than用于比较状语从句，意为“比更”。She respects him more than I(do)她比我更尊敬他。more.than.与其倒不如She is more a friend than a teacher.与其说她是位
26、老师还不如说是位朋友。less than不如，不像no less than不少于；多达no moreadj.than或no比较级than，否定前后两者。如：no richer thanas poor as(两者都不富有)指点迷津not less than相当于“”，不少于，至少not more than相当于“”，不多于，至多no less than或no more than相当于“”，仅仅，只有Is Mr.White out of danger?No,_ than before,Im afraid.A.no better B.a little betterC.not worse D.no w
27、orse解析：答语中No，暗示Mr.White健康状况并不比以前好。答案：A2have a knowledge of 对了解思维拓展have no knowledge of good and evil不分善恶/不能分辨好坏be common/public knowledge人所共知to ones knowledgeas far as one knows据某人所知3make English different from.使英语不同于思维拓展“make宾语宾补”结构用法小结：动词宾语名词/代词常用于这种结构的动词有：find,call,name,make,elect,think,consider,
28、leave(使处于某种状态)动词宾语形容词常用于这种结构的动词有：find,make,set,get,keep,like,see,leave(使处于某种状态)，dye,cut,paint,drive,beat,prove动词宾语现在分词常用于这种结构的动词有：find,watch,notice,observe,hear,listen to,look at,keep,have(使，让)，feel动词宾语过去分词常用于这种结构的动词有：find,get,make,have(使，让),see,hear动词宾语不定式常用于这种结构接带to的不定式的动词有：ask,tell,invite,force,a
29、dvise,get,beg,allow,want,wish,like,order,expect,prefer,encourage,hate,warn,permit常用于这种结构省略to的不定式的动词有：make,let,have(使，让),see,hear,watch,notice,feel,observe动词宾语介词短语或副词make sb.at home;keep sb.out;let sb.in/out;drive sb.off/out指点迷津make/elect/choose宾语名词，当作宾补的名词是独一无二的职位时，该名词前不用任何冠词，这样的名词有：president,chairm
30、an,monitor,headmaster,headteacher,manager,head,captainmake/find/feel/consider/think宾语名词/形容词，当宾语是从句或不定式，常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在作宾补的名词或形容词之后，成为make/find/feel/consider/thinkit名词/形容词从句/不定式。感官动词/使役动词宾语省to的不定式，当以被动结构出现时，作主补的不定式要带to，如be made/let/seen/heard/watched/noticed/felt/observed带to的不定式。I hate _ when peo
31、ple talk with their mouths full.A.it B.thatC.these D.them解析：本题考查it作形式宾语的用法。when people talk with their mouths full是真正宾语。若使用that则与when冲突。句子的意思是“我讨厌人们嘴里含着食物说话。”答案：A4as.as.与一样.he understands that friendship is about feeling and that we must give as much as we take.他明白了这样的道理：友谊离不开感情；人既要得到关爱，又必须给他人以同样多的关
32、爱。思维拓展as.as.表示“与一样/同样”，第一个as为副词，用以修饰形容词、副词，第二个as可作介词或连词，后接名词、代词或句子。在否定句中也可用so.as.。Tom isnt so strong as he _，is he?Yes.He is _ his two brothers.A.thinks;no stronger thanB.expects;as strong asC.appears;stronger thanD.looks;the strongest解析：考查比较状语从句。针对问句中的not so/as.as，回答时用yes，表示否定意“不”的意思，说明Tom比他的两个哥哥强。
33、答案：C5make oneself at home 别客气思维拓展help yourself to sth.随便拿/吃/用introduce oneself to.向做自我介绍learn by oneself自学You will find as you read this book that you just cant keep some of these stories to _.You will want to share them with a friend.A.itself B.yourselfC.himself D.themselves解析：本题反身代词应与you保持一致，意思是：不
34、能自我欣赏，而要与朋友欣赏。答案：B6except for 除了之外指点迷津nothing except(nothing butonly)except prep.(not including/leaving out,but not)“除之外”，后可跟名词和从句。except后跟名词时，前面常有表示“全部”概念的词，即anyone,anything,anybody,everyone,everything,all,no one,none,nothing等。besides prep.(as well as,in addition to,also)“除之外，还有”，后跟名词时，前面常有表示“部分”概念
35、的词，即other,another,else,more等信息词，后还可以有as well等。but意义同except，但它多和no,all,nobody,anywhere,everything以及who,where,what等不定代词或疑问词连用。其次，but后还可跟动词不定式(带to或省略to)构成：There is nothing to do but do.除了做无事可做。There is no choice but to do.除了做别无选择。the last/next but one/two/three.倒数第二/第三/第四except for“除了之外”，用于排除非同类事物，其中fo
36、r表示理由或细节，订正或修正某些事实。but for“要不是，若非”，常用于虚拟语气中。besides adv.“而且”，常置于句首或句尾，且用逗号与主句隔开。I know nothing about the young lady _ she is from Beijing.A.except B.except thatC.except for D.besides解析：空白处应填连接词，因其后是一从句。答案：B7come about 发生，产生思维拓展How does it come about that.?是怎样发生的？come along/on过来，一道来come after(follow)
37、跟随come/run across sb.(come upon sb.)(meet with sb.)(happen to meet sb.)(meet sb.by chance)偶然遇见某人come to oneself(come back to life)苏醒过来come to a stop(come to an end)结束，停止come to know(get to know)逐渐认识come into being(指事情、局面的)形成，出现come into effect/force生效come into power/office上任，就职come true成为现实指点迷津come
38、about“发生”，相当于happen。happen“发生”，强调偶然性。take place“发生”，强调必然性或按事先的安排或计划而发生。break out“发生”，指灾难性的战争、火灾、疾病等的爆发。occur“发生”，指意想不到的事情的发生。上述“发生”均没有被动语态。Please tell me how the accident _.I am still in the dark.A.came by B.came uponC.came to D.came about解析：come by“从旁走过；得到，获得”；come upon“被想出，偶然发现/遇见等”；come to“想出，达到”
39、；come about“发生”。句意：请告诉我事故是怎样发生的，我仍然不明了。答案：D8end up with 以告终思维拓展end up with以结束end with以结束begin/start with以开始The meeting began _ the national theme and also ended _ it.A.at;at B.with;withC.at;with D.with;up with解析：begin with“以开始”；end with“以结束”；end up with往往指有不好的结果。答案：B9bring in(in为副词)主要有以下词义：思维拓展收(庄稼等
40、)：bring in a good harvest获得好收成获利，赚钱，使得到收入bring in a little extra income得到一点额外的收入bring them in several hundred dollars使他们得到几百美元的收入把扯进来，把插进来bring in some useful sentences插入一些有用的句子提出，引进(话题，法案，习惯等)bring in some reforms提出一些改革意见bring in new customs and habits带来新的风俗习惯指点迷津bring out说明，阐明；出版(文艺作品)；表现出来bring o
41、n使发生，引起bring up提起，提出；抚养，培养；呕吐bring down使倒下，使下降；击落，推翻A great deal of science and technique has been _ since China carried _ reform and open.A.brought down;onB.brought in;outC.brought out;outD.brought up;on解析：动词短语辨析题，carry on“继续进行，进行下去”；carry out“实行，执行”。题意为“自从中国实行改革开放以来，大量的科学技术被引进。”“引进，吸收”应用bring in。答
42、案：答案：B10a great many 许多的思维拓展指点迷津a great/good many ofmany an.C单单数谓语a great/large quantity ofn.C,U单数谓语/复数谓语large/great quantities ofn.C,U复数谓语The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _ pictures of them.A.many of B.masses ofC.the number of D.a large amount of解析：masses
43、 of“大量的”，后可跟可数或不可数名词；the number of“的数目”；a large amount of后接不可数名词；many of后接带有定冠词的名词，意思是“中的许多”。答案：B.句型归纳1What is it that Joe cant find in the bathroom？乔在浴室中找不到的是什么东西？思维拓展该句子中使用了强调句式“It is/was.that/who.”这一结构的疑问结构。It is/was被强调部分thatclause强调句式的陈述句Is/Was it被强调部分thatclause强调句式的一般疑问句Who/What/When/Where/Why/
44、How is/was itthatclause强调句式的特殊疑问句注：用is还是was取决于原来句子的时态；强调谓语不能用以上句式，而应用助动词do/does/did动词原形。Why!I have nothing to confess._ you want me to say?A.What is it that B.What it is thatC.How is it that D.How it is that解析：该题考查强调句的特殊疑问句形式，排除B、D项；由于句中say需要宾语，排除C项。答案：A2English is a language spoken all around the w
45、orld.英语是世界各地都在说的语言。指点迷津spoken all around the world为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于定语从句that is spoken all around the world。用过去分词作定语，说明与所修饰的名词或代词之间往往存在动宾关系，例如：a dog tied to the tree拴在树上的狗the money left on the ground掉在地上的钱如果动词与所修饰的名词或代词之间是主动关系，往往用现在分词短语作定语，如：a running car一辆跑着的汽车the crying baby哭着的小孩3What do you mean by
46、.？你是什么意思？指点迷津mean vt.打算；意指I mean to go camping this Sunday.我打算这个星期天去野营。What he said meant another chance for us.他的话意味着我们还有一次机会。mean to do sth.打算mean(doing)sth.意味着；意思是4With so many people communicating in English every day,it will.思维拓展with宾语adj.He likes sleeping with the window open.他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。with宾语副
47、词He fell asleep with the light on.他睡觉的时候灯还亮着。with宾语现在分词(表示主动)With so many children laughing and talking,the room was lively.这么多孩子又说又笑，房间里充满生机。with宾语过去分词(表示被动)The boy went out to play with his homework unfinished.作业没完成，男孩就出去玩了。with宾语不定式(侧重将来)With a nurse to look after his sick mother,he was able to g
48、o to work.有护士照顾他生病的母亲，他就能够上班了。with宾语介词短语Miss Gao came into the classroom with a book in her hand.高老师手拿一本书进了教室。指点迷津“单数可数名词in单数可数名词”构成独立结构，作状语或定语。如with a book in her hand也可以说book in hand。_ production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A.As B.ForC.With D.Through解析：本题考查介词with复合宾语结构。as表达原因要引导原因状语从句，或作介词，意思是“作为”，所以排除选项A；for引导并列分句表达原因放在句中，排除选项B；with production up结构中，副词up作宾语补足语。答案：C 请同学们认真完成课后强化作业