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1、1.名词后缀 1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker,debtor,actress,democrat,2)-acy,表示性质，状态，境遇 democracy,accuracy,diplomacy3)-ance,-ence表示性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度”importance,diligence,difference,obedience4)-ancy,-ency,表示性质，状态，行为，过程 frequency,urgency,efficiency,5)-bility,表示动作，性质，状态 possibility,flexibility,feasi
2、bility,6)-dom,表示等级，领域，状态 freedom,kingdom,wisdom第1页/共23页 7)-hood,表示“资格，身份,年纪，状态”childhood,manhood,falsehood 8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示“行为的过程，结果，状况”action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction 9)-ism,表示制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为 socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism10)-ity,表示性质，状态，程度”
3、purity,reality,ability,calamity第2页/共23页 11)-ment,表示行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果”treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument12)-ness,表示性质，状态，程度 goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness13)-ship,表示情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业”hardship,membership,friendship14)-th,表示动作，性质，过程，状态 depth,wealth,truth,length,growth第3页/共23页 15)-t
4、ude,表示“性质，状态，程度”latitude,altitude(海拔)16)-ure,表示“行为，结果”exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续)，17）-grapy,表示学，写法”biography,calligraphy,geography18)-ic,ics,表示学法 logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics 第4页/共23页 19)-ology,表示学论”biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)20)-nomy,表示学术 astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学)第5页
5、/共23页2.形容词后缀(1)带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible2)名词-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意accomplish,vanish)3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive4)-like,manlike,childlike5)名词-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly6)-some,troublesome,handsome7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful8)-ous,dangerous
6、,generous,courageous,various9)-ent,violent10)-most,foremost,topmost11)less,表示否定，countless,stainless,wireless第6页/共23页3.动词后缀1)-ize,ise,表示做成，变成，化“modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize2)-en,表示使成为，引起，使有”quicken,weaken,soften,harden3)-fy,表示使化,使成”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify4)-ish,表示使，令”fi
7、nish,abolish,diminish,establish5)-ate,表示“成为，处理，作用”separate,operate,indicate 第7页/共23页4.副词后缀 1)(形容词)-ly：badbadly坏地/恶劣地，carefulcarefully小心地 2)-wise:clockclockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地)；likelikewise同样地 3)-wards：outoutwards向外面地，northnorthwards向北方地第8页/共23页常用前缀(1)表示“否定”dis-;i1-;in-;ir-;non-;un-;dis-like（喜欢）dis
8、like（不喜欢）i1-（在字母1前）logical（含逻辑的）illogical（不含逻辑的）im-（在b,m,p前）mortal（终有一死的）immort（永生的）第9页/共23页 in-accuracy（准确）一inaccuracy（不准确）finitely（有限地）infinitely（无限地）ir-（在字母r前）rational（合理地）irrational（不合理的）non-astronaut（宇航员）nonastronaut（非宇航员）religious（宗教的）一nonreligious（非宗教的）un-fold（折叠）一unfold（展开）第10页/共23页(2)表示“非”，
9、“相反”，“除去”，“减少”：de-nationalize（国有化）denationalize（非国有化）code（编码）decode（解码）(3)表示“共同”、“和一起，：con-centric（中心的）concentric（同中心的）join（参加）一conjoin（联合）(4)表示“互相”：inter-act（作用）一interact（互相作用）connection（联系）interconnection（相互联系）第11页/共23页(5)表示“假”，“伪”：pseudo-memory（记忆）一pseudomemory（记忆错误）science（科学）pseudoscience（伪科学）(
10、6)表示“错误地”：mis-use（使用）misuse（错用）judge（判断）一misjudge（错误地判断）第12页/共23页（7）表示“再次”：re-form（形成）reform（改革）place（放置）一replace（替换）(8)表示“超过”、“过度”：over-estimate（估计）overestimate（估计过高）time（时间）overtime（超时的）(9)表示“不足”、“低于”：under-estimate（估计）underestimate（估计不足）pay（付钱）一underpay（付款不足）(10)表示“半”：semi-conductor（导体）semiconduc
11、tor（半导体）final（决赛）semifinal（半决赛）第13页/共23页(11)表示“多”：multi-pole（极）一multipole（多极）cylinder（汽缸）multicylinder（多缸）(12)表示“反抗，相反”:anti-war(战争)antiwar(反战的）pollution（污染）antipollution（抗污染的）(13)表示“双，二”：bi-cultural（文化的）bicultural（二元文化的）(14)表示“一直，不断，越来越”：ever-ever-stronger（越来越强）第14页/共23页(15)表示“之间的”：inter-continenta
12、l（大陆的）intercontinental（大陆间的）act（表演）interact（互动）(16)表示“支持的”:pro-government（政府）pro-government（亲政府的）(17)表示“次，下一级的，不够的”：sub-subway（地铁）standard substandard（低标准的）第15页/共23页(18)表示“远距离的”：tele-scope（眼界，范围）telescope（望远镜）communition（联系）telecommunication（电信）(19)表示“从到，穿越”：trans-plant（栽培）transplant（移植）form（构成）tran
13、sform（改变，转换）(20)表示“副的”：vice-chairman（主席）vice-chairman（副主席）minister（部长）vice-minister（副部长）第16页/共23页猜测生单词的方法：1、A disease that can be spread from one person to another is said to be contagious.2、A facsimile is always an exact copy.3、A pentagon is a five-sided figure.4、She didnt fathom or understand,his
14、behavior.5、A perambulators,or baby carriage,is very useful to mothers of young children.6、My opponents argument is fallacious,misleading.7、Mary was a very shy person who kept to herself,but her sister was gregarious.第17页/共23页8、Although some woman are loquacious,others hardly talk at all.9、Rather tha
15、n be involved in clandestine meeting,they did everything quite openly.10、Celestial bodies such as the sun,moon,and stars are always mysterious to human being.11、Cold beverages,like iced tea,fruit juice,and cola are sold everywhere on a hot day.12、Doctors advice that everyone should exercise every da
16、y,particularly those who spend many hours doing sedentary work,for example reading,writing,typing,or sewing.第18页/共23页13、The patient is so somnolent that he requires medicine to help him stay awake for more than a short time.14、Jim had a strong antipathy for eggs and absolutely refused to eat them.15
17、、He was so parsimonious that he refused to give his own sons the few pennies they needed to buy pencils for school.It truly hurt him to part with his money.16、Boiling water evaporates quickly.17、Mike took two aspirins to alleviate the pain in his head.18、Production of steel in the United States skyr
18、ocketed from 77,000 tons in 1870 to over 11,000,000 tons in 1900.第19页/共23页Exercises:1.Those eggs are ready to hatch;there will be some baby birds in nest soon.2.Mark Twain was not the authors real name;it was a pseudonym.3.The upper part of the leg is known as the thigh.4.Jim just hummed the tune of
19、 the song;he didnt sing the words.5.To boycott a store means to refuse to shop in the store.6.It looks as if the dispute will not be settled in the near future.The two countries will negotiate until each side is satisfied.7.Animosity,a feeling of strong dislike,developed among the players,causing th
20、e team to break up.第20页/共23页8.I felt the sentence given to the criminal was too lenient.Murders should be punished to death.9.In most cases,however,it is best to get out of the car and make necessary repairs quickly so that you can move away from your hazardous position.10.Sam does many things well:
21、he grows crops,repairs tools,builds fences,and cares for animals.He is a real versatile farmer.11.I absolutely abhor seafood and refuse to eat it.12.His job was tenuous.He could be fired any day.13.The doctor noted that the patient was corpulent and suggested that he lose his weight to overcome this
22、 problem.第21页/共23页A.developing B.even C.trends D.explored E.developed F.just G.considerable H.consumes I.boast J.achieve K.considerate L.offersM.reduction N.boost O.efficiency Skip that third helping of roast beef,save the planet and do your heart a favor at the same time.Thats the advice of Alan Da
23、ngour of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and colleagues who 1._ the livestock industrys potential to help the UK reduce its carbon emissions to half of 1990 levels by 2030,and the knock-on effect on the nations health.They found that the industry could reduce its emissions,but onl
24、y if the livestock the UK produces,and the meat nation 2._,drops by 30%.Farms must also optimize their energy3._by,for example,capturing carbon in animal waste.The health pay-off would be 4._:18,000fewer people would die prematurely in the UK each year from heart attacks-a(n)5._of 17%-as they would
25、eat less of the fats found in meat.The effect would not be limited to rich nations.The team found that Brazil could 6._the same health benefits.“Were not saying go vegetarian,were saying reduce how much livestock produce you consume,”says Dangour.The savings could be 7._higher if reduced death rates
26、 from cancer and obesity had been include,he adds.Agronomist Kenneth Cassman of the University of Nebraska warns that cutting production in one region can 8._ it elsewhere,causing a rise in global emissions.“reducing production of livestock products in a developed country like the UK does little to influence global 9._in production and consumption where most of the increase in demand between now and 2050 will come from 10._countries”.第22页/共23页感谢您的观看。第23页/共23页