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1、2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful Because humans
2、have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in 演山赋由出 The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wi 112 to satisfy their curiosityeven when it is clear the answer will 3In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University Of Chic
3、ago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students wi11ingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were froma previous experiment. The twist Half of the pens would 6 an electri
4、c shock when clicked. Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew
5、 what would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli,_9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University
6、of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct一it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 however. In a final experiment, participants w
7、ho were encouraged to16 how they would feel after viewing anunpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.Theseresults suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on ones curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. ThinkingF. me, places, thingsG.y
8、a unique complimentFive ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links, which means when you have a conversation with a new person a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.You meet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab dr
9、iver, new people at work or the security guard at the door. Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.Here are five simple ways that you can make the first move and start a conversation with strangers.41.Suppose you are in a room with someone you don, t know and something within you
10、says “I want to talk with this person” -this is something that mostly happens with all of us. You wanted to say something-the first word一but it just won t come out, it feels like it is stuck somewhere. I know the feeling and here is my advice: just get it out.Just think: what is the worst that could
11、 happen They wont talk with you Well, they are not talking with you now!I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow. So keep it simple: Hi , Hey or “Hello” do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can, put on a big smile and say Hi .
12、42.It s a problem all of us face; you have 1imited time with the person that you want to talk with and you want to make this talk memorable.Honestly, if we got stuck in the rut of hi， hello , how are you and “whats going on” , you will fail to give the initial jolt to the conversation that can make
13、it so memorable.So dont be afraid to ask more personal questions. Trust me, you* 11 be surprised to see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.43.When you meet a person for the first time, make an effort to find the things which you and that person have in common so that you can build
14、the conversation from that point. When you start conversation from there and then move outwards, you 11 findImagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy on their phone, and if you ask for their attention you get the response “I can multitask”.So when someone tries to comm
15、unicate with you, just be in that communication wholeheartedly. Make eye contact. Trust me, eye contact is where all the magic happens. When you make eye contact, you can feel the conversation.45.You all came into a conversation where you first met the person, but after some time you may have met ag
16、ain and have forgotten their name. Isn, t that awkward!50, remember the little details of the people you met or you talked with; perhaps the places they have been to, the places they want to go, the things they like, the things they hate一whatever you talk about.When you remember such things you can
17、automatically become investor in their wellbeing. So they feel a responsibility to you to keep that relationship going. Thats it. Five amazing ways that you can make conversation with almost anyone. Every person is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with!Section III Translation46.
18、 Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)A fifth grader gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations. He ticks “astronaut but quickly adds “scientist to the 1ist and selects it as well. The
19、 boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes. And so he reads - everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels. He reads so passionately that his parents have to institute a “no reading policy“ at the dinner table.That boy was Bill Gates, and he
20、 hasn, t stopped reading yet-not even after becoming one of the most successful people on the planet. Nowadays, his reading material has changed from science fiction and reference books: recently, he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year. Gates chooses nonfiction titles because
21、they explain how the world works. Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge, Gates says.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit Professor Smith. Write him an email to1) apologize and explain the situation, and2) suggest a fut
22、ure meeting.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming“ instead.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should
23、write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)2022年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二参考答案Section I Use of EnglishSection II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 121. A practical ability22. C are not academically successful23. B used to have more job opportunities24. D indicates the overvaluing of higher education25.
24、 A supportiveText 226. B falling27. B is progressing notably28. D wind is a widely used energy source29. C Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.30. A is not really encouraged by the US governmentText 331. D user information32. A pose a risk to Facebook users33. C cannot keep pace with the cha
25、nging market34. B they are not defined as customers35. D the relationship between digital giants and their usersText 436. C keep to your focus time37. C detailed plans may not be as fruitful as expected38. A an essential factor in accomplishing any work39. B can bring about greater efficiency40. D a
26、pproaches to getting more done in less timePart B41. A Just say it42. C Skip the small talk43. E Find the me too s44. B Be present45. F Name, places, thingsSection UI TranslationSection IV Writing46. 略Part A略Part B略about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity, Hse
27、e says. In other words, dont read online comments.1.A ignoreBprotectCresolveDdiscuss2.A seekBrefuseCwai tDregret3.A riseBhurtClastDmislead4.A exposeBalertCtieDtreat5.A conceptBmessageCreviewDtrial6.A deliverBremoveCweakenDinterrupt7.A UnlessBWhenCIfDThough8.A changeBcontinueChappenDdisappear9.A owin
28、g toBrather thanCregardless ofDsuch as10.A disagreeBdiscoverCforgiveDforget11.A foodBpayCmarriageDschooling12.A begin withBlead toCrest onDlearn from13.A diligenceBwi thdrawalCpersistenceDinquiry14.A self-deceptiveBself-reliant；C：I self-destructive D self-evident15.A traceBdefineCresistDreplace16.A
29、concealBoverlookCpredictDdesign17.A pretendBrememberCpromiseDchoose18.A outcomeBreliefCplanDduty19.A whereBwhyCwhetherDhow20.A limitationsBconsequencesCinvestmentsDstrategiesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosi
30、ng A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a NewHampshire high school where lea
31、rning is not something of books and tests andstudents should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chainAs Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at
32、a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. (3) They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education “ have that st
33、ereotype that it s for kids who can t make it academically, he says.0n one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. M
34、ore education is the new principle. Wc want more for our kids, and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor s degrees for all-and the subtle devaluing of anything less一misses an important point: That s not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, a bachelor, s degree opens more doors
35、. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opp
36、ortunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren，t equipped to do them. Koziatek* s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap. Koziatek,s s
37、chool is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size- fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation* s diversity of gifts.21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students, lack of.A practical abilityB academic trainingC pioneering spiritD mechanical memorizationThere exists the prejudice that voc
38、ational education is for kids who.A have a stereotyped mindB have no career motivationC are not academically successfulD are financially disadvantagedWe can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates.A used to have big financial concernsB used to have more job opportunitiesC are reluctant to
39、work in manufacturingD are entitled to more educational privilegesThe headlong push into bachelor s degrees for all.A helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC is expected to yield a better-trained workforceD indicates the overvaluing of higher educationThe a
40、uthor s attitude toward Koziatek, s school can be described as,A supportiveB tolerantC disappointedD cautiousText 2While fossi1 fuels-coal, oi1, gassti11 generate roughly 85 percent of the worldJ s energy supply, it s clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and so
41、lar. (2)The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world: They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummeti
42、ng prices of renewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines
43、 provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Europe, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, for the first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US,
44、 reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels-especially coal-as the path to economic growth. (2) Tn a recent speech in Towa, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source. But that message did not play well with many in Iowa, where wind turb
45、ines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the state* s electricity generation - and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availabi1ity of clean energy to power their data centers.The question “what happens when the wind doesn, t blow or the sun doesn t shine has provided a
46、quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now, this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While there s a long way to go, the trend lines for renewables are spiking. The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up-perhaps just in time to have