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1、Unit 5 Text ExplanationPart IIParagraph 4The trouble is,real Amerian values are not expressed by what we say we wish for,but by what we really do.We love our old people but not for more than an hour a two at a time.They seem to prefer their child-free retirement communities to life in extended famil
2、ies.We believe in fiscal responsiblities but our own balance sheet look pretty much like the federal governments.intactnot impaired or diminished in any way;undamaged in any way;wholeThe boy who found it on the street returned the money intact.在街上发现那笔钱的男孩原封不动地把钱送了回去。The intact carcass of the prehist
3、oric animal was prevented from putrefying by the arctic cold.史前时期动物的完整尸体,是由于北极严寒的保护不致腐烂.compassiona deep awareness of and sympathy for anothers suffering;the humane quality of understanding the suffering of others and wanting to do something about itHis unbounded courage and compassion made him an e
4、xcellent leader of the nation他极大的勇气和同情使他成为一名卓越的国家领导人。compassionate:v.share the suffering ofhuddlecrowd or draw togetherWe all huddle round the fire.我们都挤在炉火周围。There is a huddle of people around the injured man.一群杂乱的人围着那个伤员。The committee members went into a huddle with the chairperson.委员会成员与主席私下碰头开会。f
5、iscalinvolving financial mattersIndeed,what is needed now is another dose of fiscal stimulus.实际上，现在亟需的是另一剂财政刺激方案。Government procurement is one of important parts on strengthening fiscal expenditure management and establishing public finance.政府采购是加强财政支出管理,建立公共财政的一项重要内容。fiscal year：any accounting peri
6、od of 12 months财政年度财政年度Paragraph 5-6What are the real American values?Mainly they are the rich and the famous and the successful and the beautiful,the film and sports stars.Perhaps the best indicator of what we really are is what we spent our money on or what we watch on televsion.volunteer(n.)(mili
7、tary)a person who freely enlists for service；a person who performs voluntary work;(adj.)without payment;(v.)agree freelyMy sister is an Olympic volunteer.我妹妹是奥运会志愿者。Children who do volunteer work are more likely to grow up to be caring adults.从事志工工作的孩子，比较可能在长大后变成有爱心的成年人。They volunteer to help serve
8、meals to people who have no homes.他们志愿去帮忙向那些无家可归的人提供食物。soup kitchen(n.)a place where food is dispensed to the needySince October she has been relying on the Holy Apostles soup kitchen for food.自去年10月份开始，她一直依赖圣徒会施舍处获得食物。I worked in a soup kitchen once and it was so sad but the poor people there had s
9、o much dignity!我曾经在一个贫民救济处工作过，那些场面很让人难过，但是穷人们依然保持了足够的尊严。baronn.a nobleman(in various countries)of varying rank;a British peer of the lowest rank;a very wealthy or powerful businessman;The baron expect his baroness to marry a man of power and wealth.男爵盼望自己的女儿嫁个有钱有势的人。She is one of Chinas richest wome
10、n，but not your typical iron industry baron.作为中国最富有的女性之一，她并不是人们印象中典型的钢铁大王。an oil baron石油大亨articulate(adj.)expressing or able to express thoughts and feelings easily and clearlyIn literary criticism the traditionalists were more articulate and aggressive.传统主义者更善于文学批评，而且行动积极。“The more articulate,the le
11、ss said”is an old Chinese proverb which I just make up myself.“说话越清晰，说得就越少”是一个我自己刚编的古老的中国格言。Paragraph 7We complain about the invasion of drugs but our culture tells us that no discomfort can be tolerated and that every desire deserves to be satisfied.We complain about crime but our system demonstrat
12、es that good guys finish last-that crime pays.We complain about the moral decadence of our young and the high incidence of teen pregnancies but our young have been carefully taught,by example,that responsibility is old-fashioned.invasionany entry into an area not previously occupied;the act of invad
13、ing;the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunderShe complained that the questions were an invasion of(her)privacy.她投诉这些问题侵犯了她的个人自由.For over nine hundred years the sea has defended Britain from invasion.九百多年来大海保卫了英国，使其不受侵犯。“The invasion of Iraq does not have a legitimate basis in internati
14、onal law.“对伊拉克的侵略在国际法上并没有一个正当的基础。”derivation of invasioninvade:march aggressively into anothers territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation侵略invader:someone who enters by force in order to conquer侵略者invasive:involving invasion or aggressive attackinvasiveness(n.)discomfor
15、tthe state of being tense and feeling pain;an uncomfortable feeling of mental painfulness or distressHe still suffers considerable discomfort from his injury.他因那次受伤至今仍颇感不适.He wrote badly and handed in the composition with discomfort.他的作文写得不好，交卷时很不好意思。But for those who prefer using natural remedies t
16、o soothe discomfort,honey may be a decent option.对于那些习惯使用天然物质来缓解疼痛的人来说，蜂蜜是相当好的选择。tolerateput up with something or somebody unpleasant;allow the presence of or allow(an activity)without opposing or prohibitingThe school cannot tolerate cheating on exams.学校无法容忍考试作弊现象。We see a deadly sin on every stree
17、t corner,in every home,and we tolerate it.我们在每个街角、每个家庭中看见种种致命地罪行，并且还容忍它们。Can we tolerate in the future the history of mankind according to the logic of writing?难道我们能够容忍未来人类的历史就按这种逻辑去书写吗？derivation of toleratetolerant:(adj.)showing respect for the rights or opinions or practices of others;showing the
18、 capacity for endurancetolerance:(n.)the power or capacity of an organism to tolerate unfavorable environmental conditionstolerantly(adv.)in a tolerant mannertoleration:(n.)a disposition to tolerate or accept people or situations;official recognition of the right of individuals to hold dissenting op
19、inions(especially in religion)tolerable(adj.)capable of being borne or endured;acceptabledecadence(n.)the state of being degenerate in mental or moral qualitiesThe decadence of morals is bad for a nation.道德的堕落对于国家是不利的。Hindu society during the eighteenth century had been passing through a period of d
20、ecadence.印度社会在十八世纪期间经历了一个颓废时期decay(v.)become worse,rotincidencethe relative frequency of occurrence of something;the striking of a light beam on a surfaceA recent study showed a significant role of economics in the incidence of colds.最近一次研究显示，经济条件明显影响着感冒的发病率。The Eskimos also had a low incidence of a
21、sthma,diabetes,hypertension,psoriasis,ulcerative colitis,cancer and allergies.爱斯基摩人同时也少有哮喘，糖尿病，高血压，牛皮癣，肠溃疡，癌症和过敏。pregnancythe state of being pregnant;the period from conception to birth when a woman carries a developing fetus in her uterusEvery minute a woman dies as a result of pregnancy complicati
22、ons.每分钟都有一名妇女因怀孕并发症而死亡。Do not eat during pregnancy or lactation.怀孕及哺乳中女性请勿食用。pregnantpregnant:(adj.)carrying developing offspring within the body or being about to produce new life;rich in significance or implicationSo this is a very pregnant moment,not only for the future of America,but also for al
23、l of the mature industrial economies and,ultimately,for the world at large.因此这是个至关重要的时刻，这不仅仅对美国的未来、而且对所有成熟的工业化国家，并且最终对整个世界来说都是至关重要的。Paragraph 8The problem is,changing things is a problem.It is not a question of hoeing at the weeds on the surface of society,but of a real root job.Who made the rules t
24、hese days that determine how our society is going to work-the code of ethics behind the laws that determines or values and decides how we are going to live together in community.ethicsthe study of what is morally right and what is not;motivation based on ideas of right and wrongWhat do you understan
25、d it by business ethics?你是怎样按职业道德标准来理解它的?The way I see it,unethical ethics are better than no ethics at all!在我看来，不道德的道德规范要比没有道德规范好得多！ethic:the principles of right and wrong that are accepted by an individual or a social group;a system of principles governing morality and acceptable conduct.道德规范；伦理Pa
26、ragraph 9It isnt the church.Its not so much that their moral leadership is being ignored as that,to a great extent,theyve abdicated the role.Collectively they seem to exude the same relativism and insecurity about right and wrong as the rest of us.Simply saying Because God says so doesnt work very w
27、ell anymore.abdicategive up,such as power,as of monarchs and emperors,or duties and obligationsHe was forced to abdicate his claim on the property.他被迫放弃要求财产的权利He chose to abdicate rather than mar the image of the monarchy.为了维护统治者的形象，他(爱德华)选择了退位。abdication(n.)a formal resignation and renunciation of
28、powersexuderelease(a liquid)in drops or small quantities;to produce from inside oneselfThey seemed to exude confidence and the smell of money.他们似乎浑身充满了自信和钱的味道。You have to exude confidence and you have to transfer that confidence to the players.所以你在比赛场上时刻都要展现出自信，并且要将自信专递给每名队友。relativismn.(philosophy)
29、the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involvedZhuangzis optimism is based on his knowledge of the world,from the perspectives of materialism and relativism.庄子的达观是建立在对世界的唯物主义和相对主义的认识之上的。What is your take on cultural relativism?你是怎么看待文化
30、相对主义的呢？Paragraph 10In spite of what President Bush says,we do seem to have lost our wills.What wed really like is for someone else to do something about the homeless and the violence and the drugs and the sick and the old.And wed like for it to be done without a tax increase because we dont want to
31、pay for it.It is ours to do with as we will,to shape and form with or collective resources in order to create a real American Dream.yearndesire strongly or persistently;have a desire for something or someone who is not present;have affection for;feel tenderness forAfter such a long winter,we yearn f
32、or warm sunshine.经过这漫长的冬天，我们渴望见到温暖的阳光。We yearn for a happy life,and happiness is our aim.我们向往幸福的生活，幸福才是我们的目的。campaign(n.)a race between candidates for elective office(v.)run,stand,or compete for an office or a positionRecently,the order has declined,we need an advertising campaign once more.近来订货量下降了
33、;我们需要再搞一次广告宣传活动.We need them badly,not just my campaign but the American people need their service and their vision and their wisdom.我们非常需要他们，不只是我的竞选，而且美国人民需要他们的服务、眼光和智慧.hazyunclear or vagueThe hazy sky！Is that dawn or dusk?这朦胧的天色，是黎明还是黄昏？I have a hazy memory of those early years.对那些早先的岁月我有著朦胧的记忆。Th
34、e mountains were hazy in the distance.远处的群山笼罩在雾霭之中。read-my-lips adj.telling someone to listen carefully to wat you are saying(在争论时与态度强硬的对手)针锋相对的，顽强拼搏的，坚定不移的George Bush said,when campaigned for his presidency,read my lips:no new taxes.But after he was elected,he forgot about his words.Paragraph 11Its time that we started looking at ourselves as we really are because a healthy future will be based on reality,not on ad copy.