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1、JICHU ZHISHI SHULIModule 4 Great Scientists基础知识梳理构建知识体系词汇速记-课标单词 标记熟悉单词，回查陌生单词 biochemistry n. biology n. botany n. genetics n. zoology n. staple adj. leading adj. breeding n. breakthrough n. cosmology n. species n. yield n. sterile adj. convert vt. cash crop n. export vt. hybrid n. quality n. best-
2、seller n. diagnose vt. brilliant adj. career n. partly adv. relativity n. rocket n. millennium n. gunpowder n. arrow n. straight adj.高考热点 题词生义你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？、1. （2020,全国卷 II ）The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rota
3、te（旋转）and translate shapes.变换2. （2020天津卷）”.Making a full-length clay（黏土）figure would not exhaust my strength-and that is what I intend to do! ” 塑像3. （2019全国卷 II ）A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.消遣；解脱4. （2019江苏卷）The bone structure of our ancestors develop
4、ed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and had a relative small head.支撑carried out.5. To our relief, all the kids escaped from the fire with the help of the firefighters.6. Nowadays, this type of medicine has been produced in quantity and is widely used in clinical t
5、rials.查缺补漏知识拾遗I .用所给词的正确形式填空。1. Most people hold the belief that education(educate) can change ones fate.2. Personally(personal), I think he is a very good man, but you may not agree.3. His first book was published(publish) last year and it turned out to be a best-seller.4. The key to protecting(pro
6、tect) the environment is to let people realize the importance of the environment.5. . This is a copy of the famous picture, and the original(origin) work is now in the British Museum.II .在空白处填入一个适当的词。1. His success was a long story, but in brief, he succeeded after many failures.2. In face of increa
7、sing energy limits, China needs a major breakthrough in mining and exploration.3. New ideas have been brought in since China was opened to the outside world.4. The attack is believed to have been carried out during the early morning hours.5. . After his wife was diagnosed with breast cancer, he spen
8、t all of his time looking after her.强技提能语言应用I .语法填空Which are you interested in, botany, biology, biochemistry, zoology, genetics or cosmology? There are brilliant 1 .scientists(scientist) in every field. Today, Til introduce one of them to you.Dr. Yuan Longping is a leading figure in Chinas 2.agricu
9、ltural(agriculture) research. Dr. Yuan is known for his super hybrid rice and has been awarded several times. Bom, brought up and 3,educated(educate) in China, Dr. Yuan knew that many people suffered from hunger. A lot of them even earned their living by begging. As rice is a staple food in China an
10、d many other countries, he dreamed of 4.developing (develop) a new species to raise rice production to feed more people. After graduation, supported by the government, he devoted himself to the research. As a result of his years* efforts, in 1970, he made 5.a great breakthrough and finally developed
11、 hybrid. This hybrid rice has a higher yield 6.than either of the original plants. His discovery 7.was published(publish) in newspapers worldwide. Now, Dr. Yuans rice has gradually replaced the common rice and much of the land has been converted to growing vegetables and cash crops. Large 8,quantiti
12、es(quantity) of rice have been exported to other countries, which partly solves the world hunger.Dr. Yuans 9.personal(person) life is very simple. Sometimes, he escapes his busy life by playing the violin or mahjong. Though he is in his eighties, he is still lO.jn good physical condition. For his ca
13、reer, he once made a brief summary: Im only a student who asks questions.II .书面表达Step 1 要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)亚历山大弗莱明出生在苏格兰并由母亲和哥哥抚养长大。Alexander Flaming was born in Scotland and (was) brought up by his mother and his elder brother.在他们的支持下，他在伦敦的一个医学院校接受教育。With their support,he got educated/received ed
14、ucation in a medical school in London.1906年他作为优秀生从该校毕业。In 1906, he graduated from this school as a top student.他对医学做出了巨大贡献，但是发现青霉素使他获得了终生的荣誉。He made great contributions to medical science, but it was his discovery of penicillin that made him earn life-long honor.因为这个成就他闻名于世，并因此获得诺贝尔奖。He was known fo
15、r this achievement,and for it he received a Nobel Prize.Step 2,表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)(1)用分词作状语改写句Alexander_Flaming_was_bom_in_Scotland, brought_up by_his_mother_andL hiselder brother.(2)用“介词+which”非限制性定语从句改写句He was known for this achievement, for which he received a Nobel Prize.Step 3,衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词
16、语连句成篇)Alexander Flaming was bom in Scotland, brought up by his mother and his elder brother.With theii support, he got educated in a medical school in London.In 1906, he graduated from this school as a top studentAfter that he made great contributions to medical science, but it was his discoveiy of
17、penicillin that made him earn life-long honor.He was known for this achievement, for which he leceived a Nobel Prize.lt was cleai that Flaming is one of the brilliant scientists in history.核心单词1. figure n.人物2. publish ”.出版3. breakthrough n. 突破4. support ”.支持5. replace”.取代;以代替6. quantity n.数量7. quali
18、ty n. 质量8. victim n.受害者9. escape oi.逃跑;逃避10. clear况.(烟1雾)消散派生单词1. produce v. 生产-product n 产品 producer n. 生产者 f productionn.生产；产量2. educate ”,教育f education n.教育 一educator n.教育工作者3. agriculture n. 农业f agricultural adj. 农业的4. origin n.起源f original。力.原来的; 最初的f originate沅起源于5. export vt.出 口 f import ”.进
19、口6. briefM/.简短的；简洁的f briefly 简短地7. graduate oi.毕业n.毕业生语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1. This factory produces computers.Its producer is very optimistic about the production and sale.(produce)2. On the whole, people who are well educated can find jobs easier than those without a good education. (educate)3. This wor
20、d originated from a Latin word and the original meaning is quite different from what it is today.(origin) 4. Though she explained the topic briefly, we still learned a lot from her brief words.(brief)单词拼写.运用语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1. (2020天津卷)Remember that ThomasCostain was 57 when he published(publish) his
21、 first novel.2. Our foreign policyis supported(support) by the people almost all over the world.3. Most of the flood victims(victim) had to leave all their things behind.4. They take measures to prevent the prisoners from escaping(escape).5. . We had to wait on the freeway until the thick fog cleare
22、d(clear) at last.-graduation n. 毕业8. personal adj.个人 的personally adv. 就个人而言f personality.个性；人 格9. explode vi.爆炸f explosion n.爆炸; 爆炸声10. . After graduation ? he is one of the graduates who have giaduated this year and are looking for a job.(graduate)11. Personally speaking, I dont like his personalit
23、y because he only thinks of his personal profit.(personal)12. Two bombs exploded in the centre of our city and the explosion caused seven deaths.(explode)短语理解运用高频短语1. bring up培养；养育2. experiment with 对进行实验3. bring in 引进4. as a result of由于的结果5. ivine 谋生6. the/a key to (doin回 sth.(做)某事 的关键7. carry out
24、实施；履行8. be known for 因而出名/闻名9. be diagnosed with 被诊断患 有疾病10. come to/into power 掌权语境运用 选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。Wang Gang was born and brought up in a remote mountain village, where people mainly earned theijliving by farming.As a result of lacking advanced farming ways, they lived a hard life.Since new farmin
25、g ways were brought in, their life has been getting better and better.选用左栏短语的适当形式填空。Mrs. Green was diagnosed with breast cancer, and went to a doctor who was known for treating cancers.The doctor carried out a series of treatments on her, and told her that the key to recovering rapidly is to have a
26、relaxed mind.Following the doctors advice, her illness gradually picked up.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式仿写应用lit is +过去分词+that从句。In Stephen Hawkings case it was discovered that he was a brilliant scientist.据报道，在这次事故中没有乘客受伤。It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.2.keep+宾语+宾语补足语。The tubes were
27、 attached to a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving in a straight direction.很抱歉让你等了三个小时。I am sorry for having kept_you_Waiting for three hours.3.现在分词短语作结果状语。Or was he carried miles into space, becoming the worldfs first astronaut?他每天回来得很晚，这使得他的妻子 很生气。He comes home late every evening, makin
28、g_his_wife _very_angry.重难考点探究ZHONGNAN KAODIAN TANJIU突破思维瓶颈1.support &九支持；拥护；支撑；供养高考原句2020全国卷 II Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗 版行为)and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can.(l)support sb.in sth.在某方面支持某人support a family/oneself 养家糊 口/自力
29、更生(2)come to one*s support 来支持某人with one*s support在某人的支持下in support of 支持； 拥护(3)supportive adj.支持的；给予帮助的supporting哂(演员、角色)次要的;配角的词块积累get more money to support his family 挣更多的钱养家糊口speak in support of the ban of drunk driving发表讲话支持禁止酒后驾车strongly support the plan to build a playground for children 强烈支持
30、为孩子们建操场的计划基础练习单句语法填空The old man entered the hall, supported(support) by his two sons. Hearing her supportive (support) words, I was full of hope for my plan.We support the police wholeheartedly in their work against crime.链接写作一句多译我将举双手支持校园内禁止吸烟。CDril raise both hands to support banning smoking in th
31、e schoolyard.(support v.)(Dril raise both hands in support of banning smoking in the schoolyard.(support n.)2. quantity n.数量；大量高考原句2019浙江卷Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity.a large (good)/small quantity of 大/少量的large quantities of大量的，许多的in quantity 大量地in quant
32、ity and quality在数量和质量上词块积累have improved in quantity and quality this term 本学期在数量和质量上都有所 提升large quantities of/a large quantity of clothes and food 大量的衣物和食物buy such a quantity of things on Double Eleven Day在双十一买了这么多的东西关键能力评估GUANJIAN NENGLI PINGGU强化运用技能夯基固本基础强化I .用所给词的正确形式填空。1. The old man entered the room supportedfsupport) by his grandson.2. He cleared(clear) his throat and spoke in low, polite tones.3. The murderer tried to escape being caught(catch) by the police but in vain.4. Please keep us informed(inform) of any change of your address as soon as possible.5. As a result of t