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1、高效高效语语法法复复习习篇篇 第第9节节 名名词词性性从从句句 一、形容词后的that从句that引导的名词性从句还可以用在一些形容词后面。这种句型一般都用人作主语，所用的形容词都是表示思想状况或感情色彩的形容词，如certain,sure,positive,afraid,convinced,anxious,disappointed,worried,glad,happy,sorry,amazed,surprised,aware,doubtful,confident等。I am sure/certain that hes at home now.我肯定他现在在家。I am a bit worri
2、ed that she will not be able to make it.我有点担忧她做不成这件事情。二、what 从句的小结1意思是“所的事/物，相当于the thing(s)that或 that(those)which可以用于以下情况：(1)引导主语从句。What is gone is gone.过去的事就过去了。(2)引导表语从句。Hes not what he was a few years ago.他不是几年前的他了。(3)引导宾语从句，包括介词宾语。As a friend of yours,I want to tell you what I hear.作为你的朋友，我想告诉你
3、我所听到的。I dont care about money or what people call position.我不在乎金钱或者人们所谓的地位。2用作插入语，指代后面的成分。这和非限制性定语从句正好相反，非限制性定语从句指代的是前面的成分。It is a useful book,and,what is more,not an expensive one.这是本很有用的书，再说也不贵。三、常考的名词性that从句用it作形式主语的that从句有以下4种不同的搭配关系：1It be 形容词 that从句It is necessary that 有必要It is important that
4、重要的是It is obvious that 很明显It is necessary that we(should)study hard.我们必须努力学习。It is obvious that he has won the game.很明显，他已经赢得了比赛。2It be 过去分词 that从句It is believed that 人们相信It is known to all that 众所周知It has been decided that 已决定It is believed that he is a famous singer.He is believed to be a famous s
5、inger.大家都相信他是一位著名的歌手。It is known to all that nobody will go there to help.众所周知，没人会去帮助。3It be 名词 that从句It is common knowledge that 是常识It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是It is a fact that 事实是It is common knowledge that the earth moves round the sun.地球绕着太阳转，这是常识。4It 不及物动词 that分句It appears that 似乎It happens th
6、at 碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起It happened that I came across an old friend on the street.I happened to come across an old friend on the street.我碰巧在街上遇到一位老朋友。四、否认转移1将think,believe,suppose,expect,fancy,imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否认词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否认式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。I dont think the film is interesting.我觉得这部电影
7、没什么意思。注意：假设谓语动词为hope，宾语从句中的否认词不能转移。I hope you werent ill.我想你没有生病吧。2将seem,appear 等后的从句的否认转移到前面。It doesnt seem that they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。It doesnt appear that well have a sunny day tomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。3有时将动名词、介词短语或整个从句的否认转变为对谓语动词的否认。I dont remember having ever seen such a man.我记得从未见过这样一
8、个人。(not否认动名词短语 having)Its not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。(anyone 作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否认形式。)4有时状语或状语从句中否认可以转移到谓语动词前。The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.(否认状语)蚂蚁不只是为自己觅食。He was not ready to believe something just because Aristot
9、le said so.(否认because状语)他并不因亚里士多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。1.She promised _ he had enough money she would marry him.A.that B.if C.that if D.if that【分析】C其余几项均有可能误选。句子的正常词序为 She promised that she would marry him if he had enough money.由于将条件状语从句 if he had enough money 插入动词 promised 与其宾语从句之间，从而导致许多同学误选。另外，本来动词 promi
10、se 后接宾语从句时，引导宾语从句的 that 是可以省略的，但是按英语习惯，当动词与其宾语从句之间插有其他成分时，引导宾语从句的 that 通常不宜省略，所以此题不宜选B。2.He told me the news,believe it or not,_ he had earned$1,000 in a single day.A.that B.which C.as D.because【分析】A此题容易误选B，误认为这是非限制性定语从句。其实此题应选 A，that 引导的是一个修饰名词 the news 的同位语从句。3.Dont you know,my dear friend,_ it is
11、 you that she loves?A.who B.which C.that D.what【分析】C此题容易误选 A或B，选 A 者认为这是指人的，故用 who；选B者认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)，其实此题应选C，它引导的是一个宾语从句，只是被其中的插入语 my dear friend 隔开罢了。其实此句也可说成 My dear friend,dont you know that it is you that she loves?4.At the class meeting,we discussed _ we should read English
12、 aloud every morning.A.if B.whether C.that D./【分析】B许多同学认为，if 和 whether 引导宾语从句表示“是否时，两者可互换，所以认为A和B都可选。其实，最正确答案只能选B，因为，在某些动词后习惯上要用 whether 来引导宾语从句，这类动词最典型的就是discuss(讨论)。5.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is【分析】D此题首先应排除A和C，因为空格处实为一个宾语从句，所以必须用陈述句语
13、序。至于是选B还是D呢？许多同学由于汉语意思的影响，将句子理解为“有人在按门铃，去看看他是谁。但按英语的习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，应用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。所以此题应选D。6.His lecture was difficult and I didnt know _ he said meant in his lecture.A.that B.what C.that that D.what what【分析】D许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词叠用的情况很少见。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择了B。其实此题的正确答案应是D，第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语。