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1、八年级下册英语知识点讲解UNIT-4Section 41、allow v.允许，准许allow sb.to do sth 允许某人做某事 My mother allows me to watch TV.allow doing sth 允许做某事 They dont allow smoking.be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事2、fight v.战斗;斗争;打架;吵架 n.打架;吵架;战斗;斗志get into a fight with sb.fight with sb.和某人打架have a fight with3、be good at+名/代/动名词 “擅长.”=do
2、well inbe good at,be good for,be good to,be good with4、talk about+人/事物 “谈论”talk to/with sb.和某人交谈5、find sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事look through 快速查看，浏览 look for 寻找 look like看起来像look the same看起来与（某人或某物）相像 look over 检查，察看be good at”擅长，在.（方面）做的好，”+名/代/动名词XUbeihong was good at drawing horses.徐悲鸿擅长画马be good fo
3、r“对.有益“+表人物或事物的名词Drinking more water is good for you.多喝水对你有好处be good to“对.好/和善”+人或人格化的名词或代词She is very good to her neighbors.她对她的邻居很和善。be good with“善于应付.”+表示人的名词或代词He is very good with the chilren.他管理孩子很有一套。6、angry adj 生气的 angrily adv.生气地be angry with sb.=be mad at sb.生某人的气【with后接人】be angry at/about
4、 sth对某事感到生气【at后接事】be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气7、forget v.“忘记”forget to do sth “忘了去做某事”（说明这件事情还没做。）Eg:Dont forget to turn off the lights.别忘了关灯。(说明灯还没关。)forget doing(sth).“忘记做了某事”(说明这件事已经做了。)Eg:I forgot borrowing a book from you.（我忘记曾经向你借过书这件事）remember v.“记得”remember to do sth.“记得去做某事”。（说明这件事情还没做。）Remem
5、ber to turn off the lights.记得关灯。(说时灯还没关。)remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”。（说明这件事已经做了。）Tom remembers being cheated by Jerry.汤姆记得上过杰利的当。(说明杰利骗过汤姆)8、although=though 尽管,用来引导让步状语从句。注：though/although 不能与but连用尽管我们都努力了，但我们还是输了比赛。Eg:Although we all tirde,we lost the game.Eg:We all tirde,but we lost the game 两种表达方
6、式9、get on with sb.=get along with sb.和某人和睦相处，和某人关系好get on well/badly with sb.和某人处的好/不好Eg:She cant get on with her sister.她不能和妹妹和睦相处。Eg:They get on well with each other.他们彼此相处的很好。get on with sth=get along with sth.“.在某方面取得进展”Eg:Im not getting on very fast with this work.我在这项工作进展不是很快。10、relation n.“关系
7、，联系，交往”，常用复数形式 relationsrelata v.“关联”11、argue v.“争吵，争论”argument n.“争论”agrue with sb.与某人争论argue about sth.就某事争论argue with sb.about sth.为某事与某人争论12、cloud n.(可数)“云，云朵”cloudy adj.“多云的”13、elder与olderEg:My elder sister is three years older than I.我姐姐比我大三岁。14、be nice to sb.=be friendly/good/kind to sb.对某人友好
8、15、offer v.“主动提出，自愿给予，提供”offer to do sth.主动提出做某事offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb.向某人提供某物elder年纪较长的只可指人用来比较年龄大小，尤指兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，只能用于名词前，作定语older年纪较大的指人在句中可作定语，也可作表语较旧的指物16、communicate v.“交流，沟通”communication n.“通信、交流、通讯、书信、传达”communicate with sb.和某人交流/沟通17、explain v.解释，说明通信、交流、通讯、书信、传达explaintion n.解释，说明expl
9、ain sth.to sb.向某人解释某事/某物18、mind v.留心；注意；专心于；介意；照顾 n.头脑；精神；心；想法；意见；心思；注意力；有才智的人；mind sb.doing 介意某人做某事19、return v.(及物）“归还”=give.backreturn sb.sth.=teturn sth.to sb.把某物还给某人Eg:You must retrun the books next Monday.下周一你必须归还图书return v.(不及物）“回来，返回”=come/get back return to+地点名词Eg:He returned to school by bi
10、ke yesterday.昨天他骑自行车返回学校。20、leave（left,left)v.“遗留，落下”leave sth.+介词短语（地点状语）把某物遗忘在某处Eg:Ieft my bag in the classroom.我把我的书包忘在教室里。leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。When did you leave Shanghai?你什么时候离开上海？“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。Next Friday,Alice is leaving for London.下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。Why are you l
11、eaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京？21.afraid adj.“害怕的，恐惧的”，一般作表语，不用在名词前作定语22、not.anymore=no more “不再.”，表示程度上或做某事的次数不再增加，修饰非延续性动词。Eg:He didnt smoke anymore.他不再吸烟了。be afraid of sb./sth.害怕某人或某物The boy is afraid of his mother那个男孩怕他妈妈be afraid of doing sth“害怕做某事”，侧重主语“担心，害怕”某事发生She is afraid of mak
12、ing mistakes.她害怕犯错误be afraid to do sth.“不敢或害怕做某事”，侧重主语“不敢做某事”She is afraid to fly.她不敢坐飞机be afraid+that 从句“恐怕”，多用于客气地提出个人意见和看法Im afraid that I cant go today.恐怕我今天去不了了Section B1、pressure n.(不可数）“压力、压强，压迫，精神压力”，表示精神上的压力时与stress可互换。press.v.“按，压”air pressure 气压 blood pressure 血压 under pressure 在压力下 put p
13、ressure on sb.向某人施压2、compete v.“竞争，对抗”competition n.“竞争”competitor n.“竞争者，对手”compete with+竞争对手 “和.竞争”Eg:We cant compete with them on price.我们在价格上无法与他们竞争。compete in+比赛 “在.（方面）竞争”Eg:She will compete in this dancing competition.她将参加 这次舞蹈比赛。3、worry v.“担心”worride adj.“担心的，焦急的”be worried about sth.担心某事wor
14、ry about=be worried about 为担心4、some time、sometime、some times、sometimes【口诀】：分开是一段，合起是某时；分开s 是倍次，合起s是有时(1)some time一段时间，做时间状语 It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间(2)sometime adv 在某个时候，(3)some times 名词词组，“几次，几倍”Mr.Green went to Sanya some times last summer.(4)sometimes=at times 有时（一般现在时的标志词）5、th
15、e+姓氏的复数形式，指该姓氏夫妇二人或一家人，表复数含义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。Eg:The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家。6、cut out “删除，删去”Eg:Youd better cut out the first two sentences.你最好删除最前面的两个句子。cut out “切下，剪下Eg:I cut article out of a newspaper.我从报纸上剪下一篇文章。cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插队 cut off 切断（水、电）供应7、succe
16、ssful adj.“成功的，有成就的”successfully adv 成功地 succeed v.成功，达到 success n 成功be successful in “在.方面获得成功”succeed in doing sth “做某事成功”8、not.until “直到.才.”，句中的谓语动词通常为非延续性动词，也可用延续性动词 We didnt go home until the rain stopped.直到雨停了，我们才回家。9、quick adj.“快的，迅速的，时间短暂的”quickly adv.“快地”have a quick dinner=have dinner quic
17、kly 匆匆地吃晚饭。10、its time for sth.=its time to do sth.该做某事了，到做某事的时间了。Its time for breakfast.=Its time to have breakfast.该吃早饭了quick形容词形容动作迅速，敏捷，强调动作快Be quick,or well be late.快点儿，否则我们要迟到了。fast形容词、副词强度速度快He runs fast,he is a good runner.他跑得很快，是一个很好的跑步者。11、continue 继续；持续continue doing sth=go on doing sth 继
18、续做某事(前后做同一件事)continue to do sth=go on to do sth 继续做某事（前后不是同一件事continue，go on,辨析go on 属普通用词，而 continue 则较正式。continue 后可直接跟名词作宾语，而 go on 后需借助介词再接名词作宾语。He continued went on with the story.他继续讲故事。12、be always doing sth.“总是/一直做某事”，常含有厌恶、赞扬、抱怨等感情色彩，不表示某时某刻发生的动作。Eg:You are always making the same mistake.你总
19、是犯同样的错误。13、compare v.“比较”14、crazy adj “不理智的，疯狂的”be crazy about “对.着迷”Eg:My brother is crazy about basketball.我的哥哥热衷于篮球。15、push v.”鞭策，督促”push sb.to do sth.督促某人做某事Eg:We always have to push him to do his homework.push v.“推动，移动，按”反义词是：pullEg:You push while I pull.你推我拉compare .with“把.与.比较“，常用于两个同类事物之间的比较
20、，侧重区别We compared this picture with that picture.我们把这副画和那副画比较了一下。compare.to“把.比作.”，常用于两个不同性质的事物的抽象比较We often compare children to flowers.我们经常把孩子们比作花朵16、cause v.（及物）“造成，引起”cause sb.to do sth.导致某人做某事Eg:The accident didnt cause him to change his mind.这次意外没有使他改变主意cause n.“原因，起因“，指引起某种结果的“原因”，后接介词of.Eg:What was cause of the fire?造成这次火灾的原因是什么？17、opinion n.“意见，想法，看法：in ones opinion 依某人看Eg:In my opinion,we should read as many books as possible.依我看，我们应该尽可能的多读书。汇报结束谢谢大家!请各位批评指正