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1、三大从句讲解三大从句讲解1.1.1.1.名词性从句（名词性从句（名词性从句（名词性从句（substantive substantive substantive substantive clauses):clauses):clauses):clauses):主语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句subject clausesubject clausesubject clausesubject clause、宾语从句、宾语从句、宾语从句、宾语从句object clauseobject clauseobject clauseobject clause、表语从、表语从、表语从、表语从句句句句predicat
2、ive clausepredicative clausepredicative clausepredicative clause、同位语从句、同位语从句、同位语从句、同位语从句appositive clause.appositive clause.appositive clause.appositive clause.2.2.2.2.定语从句（定语从句（定语从句（定语从句（attributive clause):attributive clause):attributive clause):attributive clause):形形形形容词性从句容词性从句容词性从句容词性从句3.3.3.3.
3、状语从句（状语从句（状语从句（状语从句（adverbial clause):adverbial clause):adverbial clause):adverbial clause):副词副词副词副词性从句（时间、地点、条件、结果、性从句（时间、地点、条件、结果、性从句（时间、地点、条件、结果、性从句（时间、地点、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步，方式等等）目的、原因、让步，方式等等）目的、原因、让步，方式等等）目的、原因、让步，方式等等）第1页/共22页For example:For example:For example:For example:1.1.1.1.I have reached a
4、 point in my life where I am I have reached a point in my life where I am I have reached a point in my life where I am I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decision of my own.supposed to make decision of my own.supposed to make decision of my own.supposed to make decision of
5、 my own.2.2.2.2.I found the wallet where you left it.I found the wallet where you left it.I found the wallet where you left it.I found the wallet where you left it.3.3.3.3.She sang as she walked home all the way.She sang as she walked home all the way.She sang as she walked home all the way.She sang
6、 as she walked home all the way.4.4.4.4.Many people,as you know,are learing foreign Many people,as you know,are learing foreign Many people,as you know,are learing foreign Many people,as you know,are learing foreign languages.languages.languages.languages.5.5.5.5.Her house,which was built a hundred
7、years ago,Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.stood still in the earthquake.stood still in the earthquake.stood still in the earthquake.6.6.6.6.The news that our team h
8、as won the games was The news that our team has won the games was The news that our team has won the games was The news that our team has won the games was true.true.true.true.7.7.7.7.It was obvious that youve made a big mistake.It was obvious that youve made a big mistake.It was obvious that youve
9、made a big mistake.It was obvious that youve made a big mistake.8.8.8.8.He will talk to us about what he saw in the He will talk to us about what he saw in the He will talk to us about what he saw in the He will talk to us about what he saw in the school.school.school.school.9.9.9.9.He looks as if h
10、e was going to cry.He looks as if he was going to cry.He looks as if he was going to cry.He looks as if he was going to cry.For example:For example:For example:For example:1.1.1.1.I have reached a point in my life where I am I have reached a point in my life where I am I have reached a point in my l
11、ife where I am I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decision of my own.supposed to make decision of my own.supposed to make decision of my own.supposed to make decision of my own.2.2.2.2.I found the wallet where you left it.I found the wallet where you left it.I found the wa
12、llet where you left it.I found the wallet where you left it.3.3.3.3.She sang as she walked home all the way.She sang as she walked home all the way.She sang as she walked home all the way.She sang as she walked home all the way.4.4.4.4.Many people,as you know,are learing foreign Many people,as you k
13、now,are learing foreign Many people,as you know,are learing foreign Many people,as you know,are learing foreign languages.languages.languages.languages.5.5.5.5.Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,He
14、r house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.stood still in the earthquake.stood still in the earthquake.stood still in the earthquake.6.6.6.6.The news that our team has won the games was The news that our team has won the games was The news that our team has won the gam
15、es was The news that our team has won the games was true.true.true.true.7.7.7.7.It was obvious that youve made a big mistake.It was obvious that youve made a big mistake.It was obvious that youve made a big mistake.It was obvious that youve made a big mistake.8.8.8.8.He will talk to us about what he
16、 saw in the He will talk to us about what he saw in the He will talk to us about what he saw in the He will talk to us about what he saw in the school.school.school.school.9.9.9.9.He looks as if he was going to cry.He looks as if he was going to cry.He looks as if he was going to cry.He looks as if
17、he was going to cry.第2页/共22页引导词引导词particleparticle1.1.引导引导名词性从句名词性从句的连接词可分的连接词可分为三类：为三类：连接词：连接词：that,whether,if(that,whether,if(不不充当从句的任何成分）充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：连接代词：what,whatever,what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,who,whoever,whom,whose,which which 连接副词：连接副词：when,where,how,when,where,how,why why 第3页/共2
18、2页2.2.引导引导定语从句定语从句的连接词的连接词关系代词：关系代词：that,which,who,that,which,who,whom,whose,aswhom,whose,as等等关系副词：关系副词：where,when,why where,when,why 等等3.3.引导引导状语从句状语从句的连接词：的连接词：)时间状语从句：时间状语从句：when,as,when,as,while,as soon as,before,while,as soon as,before,after,since.after,since.)地点状语从句常用引导词：地点状语从句常用引导词：where,wher
19、everwhere,wherever第4页/共22页)原因状语从句：原因状语从句：because=in because=in that,as that,as)目的状语从句：目的状语从句：so that,in so that,in order thatorder that)结果状语从句：结果状语从句：so.that,so.that,such.thatsuch.that)条件状语从句：条件状语从句：ifif，unlessunless）让步状语从句：）让步状语从句：though,though,although,even if,even although,even if,even though tho
20、ugh 第5页/共22页定语从句中的关系定语从句中的关系代词代词主语主语宾语宾语定语定语指人指人whothatwhomthatwhose（of whom）指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(of which)指人和物指人和物thatthatwhose第6页/共22页引导定语从句的关系副词引导定语从句的关系副词关系副词关系副词When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which第7页/共22页如何选用定语从句的关系词如何选用定语从句的关系词如何选用定语从句的关系词如何选用定语从句的关系词1.1.首先
21、分清主句和定语从句首先分清主句和定语从句首先分清主句和定语从句首先分清主句和定语从句2.2.确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词确定定语从句的先行词3.3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）宾语，定语或状语）宾语，定语或状语）宾语，定语或状语）4.4.若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做若先行词在从句中做主语
22、、宾语或定主语、宾语或定主语、宾语或定主语、宾语或定语语语语则选择则选择则选择则选择关系代词关系代词关系代词关系代词，若在从句中做，若在从句中做，若在从句中做，若在从句中做状状状状语语语语，则选择，则选择，则选择，则选择关系副词关系副词关系副词关系副词。第8页/共22页1.who,whom,whose,that 用法区别用法区别.who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teac
23、her.that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语主语和和宾语（可省略）宾语（可省略）.The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.第9页/共22页 whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.2.which,that 的用法which 作定语从句的主语或宾语（可省略）This is a truck which/that is ma
24、de in China.I like the book(which/that)you bought yesterday.第10页/共22页3.只能用只能用that的情况的情况 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时Ive read all the books that you lend me.先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,m
25、uch等修饰时。第11页/共22页 Everything that we saw in this film was true.everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时This is the very book that belongs to him.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Su
26、nday.who is the worker that took some photos of the factory.主句已有who和which时只能用that第12页/共22页 主句已有who或which时Ive never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.当先行词同时指人和物时4.关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThis is the boy with whom he talked.This is the ring on which she spent 1000
27、 dollars.第13页/共22页以以以以whenwhen作为例子作为例子作为例子作为例子1.1.1.1.名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句名词性从句It remains unknown when they It remains unknown when they are going to get married.are going to get married.(主语从句常用主语从句常用itit做形式主语，而做形式主语，而将主语从句置于句末）将主语从句置于句末）The problem is when we will The problem is when we will start.start
28、.Its up to you decide when we Its up to you decide when we will start.will start.I have no idea when he will I have no idea when he will back.back.第14页/共22页2.2.2.2.状语从句状语从句状语从句状语从句James pretended to be deaf James pretended to be deaf when I spoke to him.when I spoke to him.I was about to leave my I
29、was about to leave my office when the telephone office when the telephone rang.rang.When the wind blows,all the When the wind blows,all the doors rattle.doors rattle.Come when you are ready.Come when you are ready.She stopped trying,when she She stopped trying,when she might succeed next time.might
30、succeed next time.第15页/共22页3.3.3.3.定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句whenwhenwhenwhen引导定语从句表示时间，在定语从引导定语从句表示时间，在定语从引导定语从句表示时间，在定语从引导定语从句表示时间，在定语从句中做状语，它的先行词是表示时间句中做状语，它的先行词是表示时间句中做状语，它的先行词是表示时间句中做状语，它的先行词是表示时间的名词如的名词如的名词如的名词如the day,the days,the the day,the days,the the day,the days,the the day,the days,the time,the
31、yeartime,the yeartime,the yeartime,the year等等等等1980 was the year when he was born.1980 was the year when he was born.1980 was the year when he was born.1980 was the year when he was born.Ill never forget the days when I Ill never forget the days when I Ill never forget the days when I Ill never forg
32、et the days when I worked with you.worked with you.worked with you.worked with you.第16页/共22页练习：练习：练习：练习：1.The English play _ my students acted at the 1.The English play _ my students acted at the 1.The English play _ my students acted at the 1.The English play _ my students acted at the New Years pa
33、rty was a great success.New Years party was a great success.New Years party was a great success.New Years party was a great success.A.for whichA.for whichA.for whichA.for whichB.at whichB.at whichB.at whichB.at whichC.in whichC.in whichC.in whichC.in whichD.on D.on D.on D.on whichwhichwhichwhich2.Ro
34、ses need special care _ they can live 2.Roses need special care _ they can live 2.Roses need special care _ they can live 2.Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.through winter.through winter.through winter.A.becauseA.becauseA.becauseA.because B.so that B.so that B.so that B.so that
35、C.even ifC.even ifC.even ifC.even ifD.asD.asD.asD.as3.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes 3.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes 3.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes 3.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every yearevery yearevery yearevery
36、year，80%_are sold abroad.80%_are sold abroad.80%_are sold abroad.80%_are sold abroad.A.of whichA.of whichA.of whichA.of which B.which of B.which of B.which of B.which ofC.of themC.of themC.of themC.of them D.D.D.D.of thatof thatof thatof that第17页/共22页4.A computer can only do 4.A computer can only do
37、 _ you have instructed _ you have instructed it to do.it to do.A.howA.how B.after B.after C.whatC.what D.whe D.when n5._this company has done 5._this company has done seems to be in agreement seems to be in agreement with what the government with what the government has called for.has called for.A.T
38、hatA.ThatB.HowB.How C.WhetherC.WhetherD.WhatD.What第18页/共22页6.Fortunately we had a map6.Fortunately we had a map，without _we would have without _we would have got lost.got lost.A.whichA.which B.it B.itC.thatC.thatD.whatD.what7.The Great Wall is the last 7.The Great Wall is the last place _Mr.smith is
39、 place _Mr.smith is going to visit before he going to visit before he leaves Beijing.leaves Beijing.A.whereA.whereB.whichB.whichC./C./D.what D.what第19页/共22页8.I shall never forget those 8.I shall never forget those years _I lived in the years _I lived in the country with the farmerscountry with the f
40、armers，_ has a great effect _ has a great effect on my life.on my life.A.thatA.that；which whichB.whenB.when；which whichC.whichC.which；that thatD.whenD.when；who who9.I dont like the way 9.I dont like the way _ you speak to her._ you speak to her.A./A./B.in thatB.in thatC.whichC.whichD.of whichD.of wh
41、ich第20页/共22页10.She spent the whole 10.She spent the whole evening talking about the evening talking about the things and the persons things and the persons _ none of us has ever _ none of us has ever heard of.heard of.A.whichA.which B.who B.whoC.C.whomwhom D.that D.that11.I have bought such a 11.I have bought such a watch _ was watch _ was advertised on TV.advertised on TV.A.thatA.that B.which B.which C.asC.asD.itD.it第21页/共22页感谢您的观看。第22页/共22页