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1、1.1.名词性从句（substantive substantive clauses):clauses):主语从句subject subject clauseclause、宾语从句object clauseobject clause、表语从句predicative clausepredicative clause、同位语从句appositive clause.appositive clause.2.2.定语从句（attributive clause):attributive clause):形容词性从句3.3.状语从句（adverbial clause):adverbial clause):副词
2、性从句（时间、地点、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步，方式等等）第1页/共22页1.I have reached a point in my life where 1.I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decision of my I am supposed to make decision of my own.own.2.I found the wallet where you left it.2.I found the wallet where you left it.3.She sang as she
3、walked home all the 3.She sang as she walked home all the way.way.4.Many people,as you know,are learing 4.Many people,as you know,are learing foreign languages.foreign languages.5.Her house,which was built a hundred 5.Her house,which was built a hundred years ago,stood still in the years ago,stood s
4、till in the earthquake.earthquake.6.The news that our team has won the 6.The news that our team has won the games was true.games was true.7.It was obvious that youve made a big 7.It was obvious that youve made a big mistake.mistake.8.He will talk to us about what he saw in 8.He will talk to us about
5、 what he saw in the school.the school.9.He looks as if he was going to cry9.He looks as if he was going to cry第2页/共22页引导词引导词particleparticle1.1.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that,whether,if(that,whether,if(不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which 连
6、接副词：when,where,how,why when,where,how,why 第3页/共22页2.2.引导定语从句的连接词关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,asthat,which,who,whom,whose,as等关系副词：where,when,why where,when,why 等3.3.引导状语从句的连接词：)时间状语从句：when,as,while,as soon as,before,after,since.when,as,while,as soon as,before,after,since.)地点状语从句常用引导词：where,wherever
7、where,wherever第4页/共22页)原因状语从句：because=in that,as because=in that,as)目的状语从句：so that,in order thatso that,in order that)结果状语从句：so.that,such.thatso.that,such.that)条件状语从句：ifif，unlessunless）让步状语从句：though,although,even if,even though though,although,even if,even though 第5页/共22页定语从句中的关系定语从句中的关系代词代词主语主语宾语宾语
8、定语定语指人指人whothatwhomthatwhose（of whom）指物指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(of which)指人和物指人和物thatthatwhose第6页/共22页引导定语从句的关系副词关系副词When=on(in,during)whichwhere=on(in,in front of)whichWhy=for which第7页/共22页如何选用定语从句的关系词1.首先分清主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语）4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若
9、在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。第8页/共22页1.who,whom,whose,that 用法区别用法区别.who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语主语和和宾语（可省略）宾语（可省略）.The man who/that is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The woman
10、(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.第9页/共22页 whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.2.which,that 的用法which 作定语从句的主语或宾语（可省略）This is a truck which/that is made in China.I like the book(which/that)you bought yesterday.第10页/共22页3.只能用只能用that的情况的情况 Tom is the cleverest bo
11、y that I have ever known.This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时Ive read all the books that you lend me.先行词被every,some,no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。第11页/共22页 Everything that we saw in this film was true.everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little
12、,much等不定代词作先行词时This is the very book that belongs to him.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。Who is the girl that is standing under the tree?Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.who is the worker that took some photos of the factory.主句已有who和which时只能用that第12页/共22页 主句已有who或which时Ive ne
13、ver heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.当先行词同时指人和物时4.关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThis is the boy with whom he talked.This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.第13页/共22页以when作为例子1.1.名词性从句It remains unknown when they are going to get married.It remains unknown wh
14、en they are going to get married.(主语从句常用itit做形式主语，而将主语从句置于句末）The problem is when we will start.The problem is when we will start.Its up to you decide when we will start.Its up to you decide when we will start.I have no idea when he will back.I have no idea when he will back.第14页/共22页2.2.状语从句James pr
15、etended to be deaf when I spoke to him.James pretended to be deaf when I spoke to him.I was about to leave my office when the telephone rang.I was about to leave my office when the telephone rang.When the wind blows,all the doors rattle.When the wind blows,all the doors rattle.Come when you are read
16、y.Come when you are ready.She stopped trying,when she might succeed next time.She stopped trying,when she might succeed next time.第15页/共22页3.3.定语从句whenwhen引导定语从句表示时间，在定语从句中做状语，它的先行词是表示时间的名词如the day,the days,the the day,the days,the time,the yeartime,the year等1980 was the year when he was 1980 was th
17、e year when he was born.born.Ill never forget the days when Ill never forget the days when I worked with you.I worked with you.第16页/共22页练习：1.The English play _ my students acted 1.The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.at the New Years party was a great succe
18、ss.A.for whichA.for whichB.at whichB.at whichC.in whichC.in whichD.D.on whichon which2.Roses need special care _ they can live 2.Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.through winter.A.becauseA.because B.so that B.so thatC.even ifC.even ifD.D.asas3.The factory produces half a million
19、 pairs of 3.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every yearshoes every year，80%_are sold abroad.80%_are sold abroad.A.of whichA.of which B.which of B.which ofC.of themC.of them D.of thatD.of that第17页/共22页4.A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do.4.A computer can only do _
20、 you have instructed it to do.A.howA.how B.after B.after C.what C.what D.whe D.when n5._this company has done seems to be in agreement with what the 5._this company has done seems to be in agreement with what the government has called for.government has called for.A.ThatA.ThatB.HowB.How C.Whether C.
21、WhetherD.WhatD.What第18页/共22页6.Fortunately we had a map6.Fortunately we had a map，without _we would have got lost.without _we would have got lost.A.whichA.which B.it B.itC.thatC.thatD.whatD.what7.The Great Wall is the last place _Mr.smith is going to 7.The Great Wall is the last place _Mr.smith is go
22、ing to visit before he leaves Beijing.visit before he leaves Beijing.A.whereA.whereB.whichB.whichC./C./D.what D.what第19页/共22页8.I shall never forget those years _I lived in the country 8.I shall never forget those years _I lived in the country with the farmerswith the farmers，_ has a great effect on
23、my life._ has a great effect on my life.A.thatA.that；which whichB.whenB.when；which whichC.whichC.which；that thatD.whenD.when；who who9.I dont like the way _ you speak to her.9.I dont like the way _ you speak to her.A./A./B.in thatB.in thatC.whichC.whichD.of whichD.of which第20页/共22页10.She spent the wh
24、ole evening talking about the things and the 10.She spent the whole evening talking about the things and the persons _ none of us has ever heard of.persons _ none of us has ever heard of.A.whichA.which B.who B.whoC.whomC.whom D.that D.that11.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.11.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.A.thatA.that B.which B.which C.as C.asD.itD.it第21页/共22页感谢您的观看！第22页/共22页