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1、Grammar The Participle phrase used as Adverbial 分词分词 短短 语语 作作 状状 语语复习复习:分分 词词 有关有关 用用 法法一一.分词可分为分词可分为:(:(以以do为例为例)(doing)(done)二.现在分词与过去分词区别：区别区别 语态 时态现在分词现在分词 过去分词过去分词现在分词现在分词()过去分词过去分词()现在分词现在分词()过去分词过去分词()vt主动被动正在进行已经完成 复习练习一：根据汉语意思复习练习一：根据汉语意思,用所给用所给 动词的现在分词或过去分词填空动词的现在分词或过去分词填空a film 动人的电影动人的电影
2、 a mother 受感动的妈妈受感动的妈妈(主动)(被动)a leaf 一片飘落的树叶a leaf 一片落叶(正在进行)(已经完成)movingmoved1.move2.fallfallingfallen注：注：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分词表示被动不及物动词的过去分词只有不及物动词的过去分词只有“完成完成”含义或表示状态，而不表示被动含义或表示状态，而不表示被动The falling leaves the fallen leaves落叶（正往下落的）落叶（正往下落的）落叶（已经落到地面的）落叶（已经落到地面的）a girl dressed
3、in white (表状态表状态)复习练习二复习练习二:分词做表语分词做表语,定语定语,宾补用法宾补用法她现在好累她现在好累.这工作累人这工作累人.She is very .The work is .1.表语表语:运用现在分词或过去分词完整句子运用现在分词或过去分词完整句子tiredtiring这就是那只吓人的老虎这就是那只吓人的老虎.这就是受了惊吓的女孩这就是受了惊吓的女孩.（frighten）This is the tiger.This is the girl.2.1 定语定语（单个分词）（单个分词）frighteningfrightenedThe girl was frightened
4、by the frightening tigerThey were by the story/boy (move)Toms father felt for his son (disppoint)moved moving disappointeddisappointing2.2 定语定语（分词短语）（分词短语）正在建房那些人是我的朋友正在建房那些人是我的朋友.去年建造的那座房子将要拆除去年建造的那座房子将要拆除.正在建造的那座房子将是个商店正在建造的那座房子将是个商店.The people are my friends.The house will be pulled down.built la
5、st yearThe house will be a store.being builtbuilding the house*分词短语作定语可改成分词短语作定语可改成()定语从句定语从句*The people(who are)building the house are my friends.*The house(which was)built last yearwill be pulled down.*The house(which is)being built will be a store.3.A)The building _ now 3.A)The building _ now wil
6、l be a restaurant.will be a restaurant.B)The building _ next B)The building _ next year will be a restaurant.year will be a restaurant.C)The building _ last C)The building _ last year is a restaurant.year is a restaurant.(build)(build)being built being built to be built to be built built built现在分词作定
7、语现在分词作定语 现在现在 分词作定语表示主动或进行分词作定语表示主动或进行,一个分词单词作定往往一个分词单词作定往往放在它所饰的词的前面放在它所饰的词的前面,但分词短语作定语则放在所修但分词短语作定语则放在所修饰的词的后面饰的词的后面.1.The swimming boy is my brother.=the boy who is swimming is my brother.2 the news which is exciting made all of us sleepless.=The exciting news made all of us sleepless3.The road t
8、hat joins the two villages is very wide.=The road joining the two villages is very wide.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语过去过去 分词作定语表示被动或完成分词作定语表示被动或完成,一个分词单词作定语往往放一个分词单词作定语往往放在它所饰的词的前面在它所饰的词的前面,但分词短语作定语则放在所修饰的词的但分词短语作定语则放在所修饰的词的后面后面.1.Look at the broken cup.=Look at the cup which is broken.2.What is the language spoke
9、n in Japan?=What is the language which is spoken in Japan?3.I have a radio which is made in China.=I have a radio made in China.Exercises:Exercises:1.We lived in the house _(我舅舅们修建的我舅舅们修建的).2.Any medicine _(服用服用)without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble.3.We spent two hours discussing the pla
10、n _(她制定的她制定的).4._(开水开水)built by my unclestakenmade by herboiled watera broken cup 1.Most of the people _(被邀请参加宴会的被邀请参加宴会的)were famous scientists.2.Lessons _(易学的易学的)are soon forgotten.*_(易学的易学的)lessons are soon forgotten.3.The computer center _(开办开办)last week is popular with the students.invited to t
11、he partylearned easilyopened/startedEasily-learnedExercises1.Dont use words,expressions,or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge.2.A.being known B.having been known3.C.to be known D.known2.As we joined the big crowd,I got _ from my friends3.A.separated B.spared C.lost D.missed3.Cleaning w
12、omen in big cities usually get _ by the hour.4.A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay4.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.,did not include women players until 1912.5.A.first playing B.to be first played6.C.first played D.to be first playingDACC5.The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to cha
13、nge it.A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun6.The television is a _ machine.A.newly-invented B.new-invented C.newly-invent D.newly-invention7._ English is different from _ English in many ways.A.Spoken,written B.Speaking,written C.Spoken,writing D.Speak,writeDAA8.The lady said she would buy a
14、gift for her daughter with the _.A.20 dollars remained B.20 dollars to remain C.remained 20 dollars D.remaining 20 dollars9.Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than some store prices.A.are bought B.bought C.been bought D.buying10.Mr Smith,_ of the _ speech,started to read a novel
15、.A.tired;boring B.tiring;bored C.tired;bored D.tiring;boringDBA我看见那玻璃是破的我看见那玻璃是破的.我看见那男孩在把玻璃砸破我看见那男孩在把玻璃砸破.I saw the glass .I saw the boy .3.宾补宾补brokenbreaking the glassGrammar:The Participle phrase used as Adverbial分分 词词 短短 语语 作作 状状 语语Objectives:1.掌握分词做时间，原因，条件，让掌握分词做时间，原因，条件，让步，方式步，方式/伴随状语的用法。伴随状语
16、的用法。2.掌握分词做状语与相应状语从句的掌握分词做状语与相应状语从句的转换。转换。Warming up What clauses do you know?1.When it rains,Ill go to school by bus.时间状语从句时间状语从句2.As the day was fine,they decided to go on a trip.原因状语从句原因状语从句3.If I go to the Great Wall tomorrow,would you like to come along?条件条件 状状 语语从句从句4.Although they did heavy w
17、ork that day,they were all in high spirits.让步状让步状 语语从句从句 分词作状语功能表分词作状语功能表 表示的范围表示的范围 相当的状语从句相当的状语从句1.时间时间2.原因原因3.条件条件4.让步让步5.方式方式/伴随伴随时间状语从句时间状语从句原因原因 状状 语语从句从句条件条件 状状 语语从句从句让步状让步状 语语从句从句 没有合适的状没有合适的状 语语从句从句A.现在分词作状语学与练现在分词作状语学与练 把划线部分改写成分词短语把划线部分改写成分词短语并说明其功能并说明其功能 1.1.When they saw their teacher,t
18、he students stood up.Seeing their teacher,the students stood up.*现在分词动作的发出者是现在分词动作的发出者是()句子主语句子主语*现在分词短语作现在分词短语作()时间状语时间状语 1.2.After they had finished their homework,they went home.Having finished their homework,they went home.*现在分词短语作现在分词短语作()*Having finished their homework表现的动表现的动作在作在went home(),故
19、用分词的故用分词的().).时间状语时间状语之前之前完成式完成式2.Because he was ill,he couldnt go to school.Being ill,he couldnt go to school.*现在分词短语现在分词短语 作原因状语作原因状语3.If you work harder at English,you will make greater progress.Working harder at English,you will make greater progress.*现在分词短语现在分词短语 作条件状语作条件状语4.Although they felt
20、very tired，they kept running.*Feeling very tired,they kept running.现在分词短语现在分词短语 作让步状语作让步状语5.The children came into the classroom,and they laughed and talked.(并列句并列句)*The children came into the classroom,laughing and talking.*现在分词短语现在分词短语 作伴随或方式状语作伴随或方式状语*Laughing and talking,the children came into t
21、he classroom.*不可改成相应状语从句不可改成相应状语从句把下列划线部分改写成分词短语把下列划线部分改写成分词短语,并并说明其功能说明其功能B.过去分词作状语学与练过去分词作状语学与练1.When she was asked why she did it,she began to cry.*Asked why she did it,she began to cry.*过去分词短语作时间状语过去分词短语作时间状语*从句的动词用的是被动语态从句的动词用的是被动语态*过去分词的动作由主语承受过去分词的动作由主语承受2.Because he was moved by her words,he
22、 decided to help the poor boy.*Moved by her words,he decided to help the poor boy.*过去分词短语作原因状语过去分词短语作原因状语3.If I am given more time,Ill catch up with you.*Given more time,Ill catch up with you.*过去分词短语作条件状语过去分词短语作条件状语4.Although they had been defeated many times，they continued to fight.*Having been def
23、eated many times,they continued to fight.=Although defeated many times,they continued to fight.*过去分词短语作让步状语过去分词短语作让步状语*为使状语含义更加明确，有时在过去分为使状语含义更加明确，有时在过去分词前可加上适当连词词前可加上适当连词*Once used,the car will never be sold again.(once “一旦一旦”)=Once it is used,the car will never be sold again.*When heated,water tur
24、ns into steam.=When water is heated,water turns into steam.Heated,water turns into steam5.The teacher stood there and he was surrounded(包围包围)by many students.*The teacher stood there(,)surrounded by many students=Surrounded by many students,the teacher stood there.*过去分词短语作伴随或方式状语过去分词短语作伴随或方式状语六.分词短语
25、作状语须注意的问题:练习练习:判断正误并改正判断正误并改正1.Standing at the top of the hill,we can see Shiyan Town.()*现在分词所表示的动作由句子的主语发出现在分词所表示的动作由句子的主语发出=When we stand at the top of the hill,we can see Shiyan Town.2.Seen from the top of the hill,we cansee Shiyan Town.()1.Seen from the top of the hill,Shiyan Town can be seen cl
26、early.*过去分词表示的动作由句子的主语过去分词表示的动作由句子的主语承受承受=when it is seen from the top of the hill,Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.2.Seeing from the top of the hill,we can see Shiyan Town.3.Moved deeply by what he said,so he decided to help the poor girl.()*去掉so*分词短语作状语分词短语作状语,不能和连词连用不能和连词连用.Because he was moved de
27、eply by what he said,so he decided to help the poor girl.()4.The teacher came into the classroom,following by six students.()The teacher came into the classroom,followed by six students.*过去分词的动作由主语过去分词的动作由主语承受承受,而现而现在分词的动作有主语在分词的动作有主语发出发出.5.Although laughed at by others,he didnt give up his hope.()=
28、Although he was laughed at by others,he didnt give up his hope.1._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lose2.If _ the same treatment again,hes sure to get well.A.giving B.give C.given D.being given3._ in 1636,Harvard is one of the most famous univ
29、ersities in the United States.A.Founded B.It was founded C.Being founded D.Founding Practice makes perfect5._ with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean doesnt seem big at all.A.Compare B.When comparing C.Comparing D.When compared6._ time,hell make a first-class tennis player.A.Having given
30、B.To give C.Giving D.Given 4._ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received7._ in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A.Dressed B.To dress C.Dressing D.Having dressed8.Unless _ to speak,you should remain silent at the conference.A.invited B.inviting C.being invited D.having invited总总 结结分词做状语有以下四种形式：Doing,Having done,Done.,Having been done.,主动主动被动被动